50 results about "Sky brightness" patented technology

The invention provides a real-time video defogging system which belongs to the field of image processing and is characterized by being realized in a digital integrated circuit and comprising a data reading unit, a judgment unit, a sky brightness estimation unit, an atmosphere illumination white balance unit, an atmosphere dissipation image estimation unit and a clear scene recovery unit. As for the former K frames in the current lens of a video to be processed, the sky region thereof is estimated so that the sky brightness value is calculated; then the atmosphere illumination color of an image to be processed is corrected according to the sky brightness value by utilizing a white balance algorithm and a white balance image is normalized, the minimum values, minimum values of various colorcomponent are solved out so as to serve as rough estimated image; and based on the minimum values, an refined atmosphere dissipation image is calculated by utilizing an edge maintained flatting method, and the atmosphere scene albedo is calculated based on the atmosphere dissipation image, so that defogging recovery processing is carried out. As for a common-intermediate-format (CIF) video with the resolution of 288*352, the processing speed can be up to 60 fps (frames per second); and as for a D1-format video with the resolution of 578*720, the processing speed can be up to 15 fps, thus the system provided by the invention can be applied to monitoring systems and meet the requirement on real-time performance.

The invention discloses an all-weather speed-measuring sky screen target which is characterized in that horizontal straight line structured light lasers are arranged at both sides of a detection target body of a box type sky screen target of the traditional lens group; and a generated fan-shaped shiny surface and a sky screen generated by the lens group are on a same plane. In the invention, the horizontal straight line structured light lasers as auxiliary light sources are fixedly arranged on the detection target body so as to be used as a light source; the light screen position of the sky screen target is also indicated; the reflected light of a reflecting film body on lasers is enabled to enter a detection lens by utilizing the reflecting film body positioned right above the detection target body of the sky screen target; light flux generated when a pill passes through the light screen of the sky screen target and a light screen of the lasers is sent to a calculagraph or a data acquisition device through photoelectric conversion and signal processing; and corresponding circuits are designed for different reflecting film bodies. The invention realizes the all-weather testing without being influenced by the change of sky brightness, day and night alternation and the transformation of sunny and rainy weathers, has the advantages of simple cloth target, higher position fault tolerance and low manufacturing cost and realizes the all-weather testing of pill speed.

The invention discloses a dark channel prior based image defogging method which includes the steps of 1, dividing the image I(x) on the basis of the classical clustering algorithm to acquire a candidate sky region It(x); 2, corroding the candidate sky region It(x) to acquire sky brightness; 3, performing mini-value filtering on the image to improve the same according to the sky brightness so as to acquire a coarse-estimation transmissivity image; 4, optimizing the coarse-estimation transmissivity image by means of guide filtering to acquire a transmissivity image; and 5, acquiring a recovered image based on an atmospheric scattering model. The dark channel prior based image defogging method has the advantages of processing airglow more reasonably, reducing image block effect, improving overall brightness of images and making the images more natural.

An on-vehicle fog-presence determining apparatus having image fog-state determining means for determining whether or not an image picked up by an on-vehicle camera mounted on a vehicle is disclosed. The apparatus comprises far-flung brightness acquiring means for acquiring a brightness of a far-flung road region, sky brightness acquiring means for acquiring a brightness of a sky around the vehicle and image fog-state determining means for making judgment using the brightness of the far-flung road region and the brightness of the sky.

The invention discloses a defogging method and a device for image data, wherein the method for the image data comprises a step of acquiring image data I (x, y) of a fog contained image shot in snowy day, a step of determining sky brightness A of the image data I (x, y) of the fog contained image, a step of dividing the image data I (x, y) of the fog contained image into a white zone omega white and a non-white zone omega non-white according to the sky brightness A, and a step of carrying out defogging process on the image data of the non-white zone omega non-white. According to the technical scheme, the fog containing image shot in the snowy day is divided into the white zone and the non-white zone, the defogging process is carried out on the non-white zone, and the defogging processing effect is improved.

The invention provides a microwave hyperspectral receiver and a method. The microwave hyperspectral receiver comprises a primary receiving device and a secondary receiving device, wherein the primary receiving device is used for receiving high-frequency signals input by an antenna, carrying out frequency band division on the high-frequency signals, carrying out down-conversion on the high-frequency signals subjected to frequency band division to form first intermediate-frequency signals and amplifying and outputting the first intermediate-frequency signals to the second receiving device; and the second receiving device is used for receiving the amplified first intermediate-frequency signals, carrying out equipower division on the first intermediate-frequency signals to form multiple intermediate-frequency signals, carrying out frequency band division and square rate detection in sequence on each path of intermediate-frequency signals in the multiple intermediate-frequency signals to obtain voltage signals with sky brightness temperature information and amplifying and outputting the voltage signals. According to the invention, two stages of receiving units which are of a cascaded structure are adopted, and the frequency band division of the first receiving device is implemented serially according to the time sequence, therefore the system complexity is reduced; and the frequency band division of the second receiving device is implemented in parallel, therefore the system scanning time is shortened.

An on-vehicle fog-presence determining apparatus having image fog-state determining means for determining whether or not an image picked up by an on-vehicle camera mounted on a vehicle is disclosed. The apparatus comprises far-flung brightness acquiring means for acquiring a brightness of a far-flung road region, sky brightness acquiring means for acquiring a brightness of a sky around the vehicle and image fog-state determining means for making judgment using the brightness of the far-flung road region and the brightness of the sky.

In order to improve the accuracy and the reduction degree of a defogging algorithm to cause the accuracy and the reduction degree of the defogging algorithm to meet instantaneity requirements, the invention puts forward an image defogging algorithm based on boundary constraint and context regularization by aiming at a specific problem of defogging. The image defogging algorithm comprises the following steps: firstly, on the basis of a physical model, estimating sky brightness; then, on the basis of the boundary constraint and the context regularization, calculating accurate scene transmissivity; and finally, under the frame of an atmosphere scattering model, utilizing the obtained scene transmissivity to defog an image to obtain a clear fogless image. The algorithm carries out accurate estimation on the basis of the boundary constraint and the context regularization, meanwhile, a tolerance mechanism is used for correcting the scene transmissivity, and the accurate scene transmissivity can be accurately calculated so as to greatly improve an image defogging effect.

The invention discloses a sky brightness instrument. The sky brightness instrument is horizontally placed in a manner that the front face faces south. A single chip microcomputer control system controls an automatic zero correction module to enable the instrument to be automatically and rightly returned back to the initial position on two degrees of freedom in horizontal and pitching directions; a user sends a measurement order under measurement software of an upper computer and the single chip microcomputer control system controls a solar tracking module and a motor driving control module to turn the instrument to a pre-set direction in the sky or carry out scanning and measurement on the whole sky; sky scattered lights are received by a front-end light path system and are converted into a simulated voltage signal; the simulated voltage signal is processed by a signal processing system and is converted into a digital signal to be conveyed into the single chip microcomputer control system; and the single chip microcomputer control system controls a serial communication module to upload the signal to the upper computer to be stored. The sky brightness instrument has two measurement modes, so that the whole sky can be scanned and measured and the fixed point measurement can be carried out on a fixed direction; and thus sky brightness instrument has the advantages of portability, stability and instantaneity.

The invention discloses a device for simulating brightness distribution of the sky. The device comprises a semispherical rack and multiple groups of light modulation lamps distributed on the semispherical rack; the brightness and color light of the light modulation lamps can be controlled independently by a controller; a lower circular track is mounted along the bottom circumference of the semispherical rack, an upper semicircular track is mounted on the lower circular track, and a cambered surface of the upper semicircular track is vertical to that of the lower circular track; the upper semicircular track can move along the circumferential path of the lower circular track; and the upper semicircular track is provided with an illuminating light source which can move along the path of the upper semicircular track. The device can simulate any brightness distribution and color temperature of the sky as well as sunlight.

The invention provides a self-powered solar tracking probe. A shading column of the self-powered solar tracking probe is vertically arranged on a base and positioned in the centre of the base; the base is divided into four areas by the shading column; a position where the four areas are close to a central part of an intersecting line of the shading column and the base is provided with four small rectangular grooves which form four light guiding holes; the four small rectangular grooves at the back of the base correspond to four photo-sensitive resistors; sunlight can irradiate the four photo-sensitive resistors by passing through the four small rectangular grooves; the four photo-sensitive resistors and a resistor forming an elevation angle and azimuth angle detection circuit are arranged on a circuit board at the back of the base; the four photo-sensitive resistors and the four resistors form the elevation angle and azimuth angle detection circuit; and the top of the shading column is provided with two solar batteries which respectively supply the power to the elevation angle and azimuth angle detection circuit. The shading column and the circuit board are integrally arranged on the base to form the self-powered solar tracking probe. The elevation angle and azimuth angle detection circuit of the self-powered solar tracking probe is powered by the two solar batteries, the voltage changes along with the sky brightness, a drive voltage is low when the sky brightness is low so as to reduce the influence of scattered light and improve tracking accuracy. The voltage of a drive photo-sensitive element is small in overcast and rainy days, the night voltage is zero and the photo-sensitive element does not work, so as to prolong the service life of the photo-sensitive element.

The invention discloses a fragment or projectile passing target image acquisition device, a fragment or projectile passing position determining method and system and a fragment or projectile scattering characteristic testing device. The adopted light source is a laser light source, the sky brightness is not required to be used as a background, and the device can be used in all weather. Meanwhile,a fan-shaped light curtain can cover a square target area, the effective target surface utilization rate is high, and the device is compact in structure. Furthermore, a laser light curtain primary reflection technology is adopted, the light energy utilization rate is high, the imaging contrast ratio is high, and ultra-large target surface detection can be realized. In addition, only one image is shot by each triggering target, continuous shooting is not needed, the data size is small, and the data processing speed is high.

The invention discloses a visible and near infrared wave band semispherical sky brightness measuring apparatus used in the daytime. Seven detectors assembled on a semispherical body convert skylight illumination values in various directions into electrical signals, and obtain the spatial distribution of sky brightness via the direct proportional relation between the brightness at the receiving surfaces of the detectors and the illumination and through the calibration of a radiance meter. The method of assembling the seven detectors fixedly on the support of the semispherical body according to vertical angles and azimuths is adopted to obtain the sky brightness values in various directions simultaneously and quickly, thereby not only monitoring the sky brightness in a certain direction in real time, but also monitoring the sky brightness in various directions simultaneously for easy study on the time and spatial distribution of the sky brightness. The apparatus makes up the defects of a traditional sky brightness measuring apparatus concerning measuring wave band, real-time property, portability, etc., thereby meeting the practical scientific research requirements in a better way.

The method discloses a method for calculating the irradiance of sky brightness to the ground. The problems that in the prior art, the irradiance of the sky to the ground is calculated inaccurately and an obtained result can not accurately show the actual irradiance value are solved. The method for calculating the irradiance of sky brightness to the ground comprises the following steps that the sky is regarded as a hemisphere, looked from top to bottom, the hemispherical sky is divided into 4k2 blocks and k layers, and each layer is provided with 4k blocks, wherein k >=1, and the azimuth angle, the elevating angle and the zenith angle of each sky element are determined; according to a sky brightness distribution formula, the height of each sky element and the brightness of the zenith are calculated; based on obtained parameters and according to a solid angle projection law, the irradiance value of the brightness value of each sky element to the ground is calculated and after all the irradiance values of the sky elements to the ground are summated, the irradiance value of the whole sky to the ground is obtained. Through the scheme, the purposes that calculation is accurate and the actual irradiance value is accurately expressed are achieved, and the practical value and the popularization value are high.

The invention relates to a K wave band receiver noise temperature test method. A device related in the method is composed of a K wave band receiver, a pedestal, a fixed frame, a rotary shaft, a turn table, a normal temperature black body, a rotating shaft, a U-shaped bolt, a first rotating shaft fixing board, a second rotating shaft fixing board, a first fixing pin, a second fixing pin, a slidingblock, a sliding block connection rod, a sliding guide rail, an angle fixing threaded rod, an angle fixing nut and angle fixing sliding chute. In the method, a cold load which is difficult to operateis replaced by cold air; a test device can introduce or remove a normal temperature black body load at a feed source port surface, also can discretionarily adjust the K wave band receiver and a beam direction thereof in elevation of 0-90 degrees, and can complete measurement and calculation of noise temperature of the receiver in combination with sky brightness temperature corresponding to the K wave band under the current elevation. The method simulates performing quick noise temperature test for the K wave band receiver in an observation process, avoids potential safety hazards caused by that an antenna elevation must be kept at 90 degrees for test and low-temperature liquid nitrogen is used in the conventional cold and hot load method, and promotes test efficiency and safety remarkably.

The invention discloses a satellite-borne microwave double-oxygen detection channel equal-weight conjugate rainfall detection method and system. The method comprises the steps: inputting 118GHz actualobservation brightness temperature, an instrument scanning angle and surface elevation into a pre-trained clear sky brightness temperature prediction model, and respectively outputting learning brightness temperature of thirteen channels from 50 GHz to 60 GHz; and if the difference between the learning brightness temperature of one channel and the actual observation brightness temperature of thechannel is greater than the rainfall identification threshold of the channel in thirteen channels of 50-60GHz, determining that rainfall cloud pollution exists on the observation pixel of the channel,otherwise, determining that the channel is not influenced by rainfall. According to the method, the data utilization rate is effectively improved, the dependence on window area channel radiation in the temperature observation data application process is eliminated, channel-by-channel rainfall detection of satellite remote sensing temperature detection data in the atmosphere radiation transmissionmeaning is achieved, and the assimilation application accuracy of microwave thermometer data in an atmosphere temperature profile inversion and numerical weather prediction system is improved.

The invention relates to an apparatus for measuring sky brightness distribution based on full-automatic spectrum beam-splitting scanning. The apparatus is characterized in that the apparatus comprises a measuring probe portion, a precise rotary table, and a main control cabinet. The measuring probe portion consists of a lens cone, a calibration lamp, an optical shutter, a spectrograph, a temperature sensor, a control circuit and a thermally-insulated cover; the spectrograph is used for measuring skylights; and the temperature sensor is arranged inside the spectrograph so as to detect the temperature changing of the spectrograph at any time. The precise rotary table includes a driving control circuit and a rotary table body; the measuring probe portion is installed at the precise rotary table; and the driving control circuit drives the rotary table body to make rotations so as to drive the measuring probe portion. And the main control cabinet includes an embedded PC, a power supply unit, an Ethernet switch, a timing switching machine unit, and a power supply unit.

The invention discloses a mirror-box-type all-cloudy day simulation device. The mirror-box-type all-cloudy day simulation device comprises an optical reflection structure, electric light sources, a light diffusion film and a frame structure. The frame structure is an enclosed structure and the horizontal cross section of the enclosed structure is in the shape of a regular polygon or round. The electric light sources are arranged at the spatial top of the frame structure and the light diffusion film is arranged below the electric light sources. The optical reflection structure is a mirror reflection material arranged on the inner side of the enclosed structure, the mirror reflection material is formed by connecting a plurality of plane mirrors in a seamless mode, and the included angle formed by the mirror reflection material and the plumb line is zero point seventy seven degree. The upper end of the optical reflection structure is connected with the light diffusion film, and the lower end of the optical reflection structure is located at the lower end of a detected model storing platform in the height direction. According to the mechanism that light of an even light-emitting face at the top is reflected infinitely through the enclosed mirror structure, the mirror-box-type all-cloudy day simulation device accurately simulates the standard all-cloudy day sky brightness distribution published by the International Illuminating Engineering Society. The mirror-box-type all-cloudy day simulation device has the advantages of being small in size, ingenious in structure, accurate in brightness distribution and the like, and can be used for simulating the sky brightness distribution during all-cloudy days.

The invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation on-line short-term prediction method based on dynamic correlation of sky brightness information. Aiming at uncontrollability of photovoltaic power generation, a new on-line short-term prediction method for photovoltaic power generation is proposed, taking into account the direct factors influencing photovoltaic power generation, such as solar radiation, clouds, weather pollution and temperature, and changing the traditional prediction idea based on a complex photovoltaic generator model, being different from the classification and matching algorithm based on a large amount of historical data, and being different from the method based on low-precision cloud image acquisition and mobile prediction. The photovoltaic power generation on-line short-term prediction method based on dynamic correlation of sky brightness information directly utilizes a low-cost industrial wide-angle camera to obtain sky brightness information to characterize the integrated state of solar radiation, clouds and weather pollution at the photovoltaic array field, utilizes the characteristics of dynamic correlation of the sky brightness information, and realizes the on-line short-term prediction of photovoltaic power generation based on the actual output of the photovoltaic array collected in the field at the same time.

The present invention provides a method for simulating daylight performance of buildings based on regional daylight climate data. The method comprises the steps of: establishing a regional sky luminance distribution database from measured data; mapping sky luminance data to an artificial sky lamp group; using a 3D printing machine to fabricate a scaled physical model based on real parameters of the building to be simulated; and using the scaled physical model in the artificial sky integrated with regional sky luminance distribution data to make the daylight performance simulation. This method can achieve high-precision simulation of the daylight performance of buildings by using regional sky daylight climate data with a highly accurate physical model of the building.

The invention discloses an underwater air imaging full-link simulation method, which is based on a simulation module system formed by a scene simulation module, a sea wave simulation module, a camera simulation module and a light ray tracing module, and is characterized in that the scene simulation module generates a high-dynamic range sea-air panorama according to input scene parameters; the sea wave simulation module generates a sea wave normal diagram according to input sea wave parameters, the camera simulation module generates an underwater observation vector field according to input camera parameters, and the light ray tracing module firstly calculates a sky brightness value corresponding to each observation vector through light ray tracing according to input of the scene simulation module, the sea wave simulation module and the camera simulation module; then calculating the influence of water surface refraction on the brightness, and finally generating a simulation graph; according to the simulation method, underwater air imaging modeling and water surface target intelligent detection under random sea wave disturbance can be realized.

The invention relates to an intelligent control friction electrical storage device of a bicycle. The intelligent control friction electrical storage device of the bicycle consists of a control module, an electromagnetic valve, a rotating shaft, a friction device, a lighting lamp, a photosensitive inductor, a swing arm, an electromagnetic coil and a spring, and is characterized in that a 1# output end of the control module is connected with the lighting lamp; a 2# output end of the control module is connected with the electromagnetic valve; a 3# output end of the control module is connected with a lithium battery; a signal end of the control module is connected with a switch; the friction device is connected with an input end of the control module; the rotating shaft is extended from the electromagnetic valve; the friction device is fastened on the rotating shaft. When the photosensitive inductor detects that the sky brightness is less than 100 cd / m<2>, the control module can automatically turn on a power supply of the lighting lamp and can automatically switch on and off the electromagnetic valve according to the capacity of the lithium battery, so that circulating work of the friction device is realized. The intelligent control friction electrical storage device of the bicycle has the benefits that by adoption of the structure, stable power supply of a lighting system is achieved, and the friction device can be automatically connected.

The invention relates to a side sheltered solar halo photometer. The photometer comprises an external baffle plate, an external window, an upper stray light eliminating diaphragm, a lower stray light eliminating diaphragm, an intermediate diaphragm, a second attenuation sheet, an aperture diaphragm, an object lens, a filter wheel and a CCD camera which are arranged from the left to the right in turn. The middle part of the external baffle plate is provided with a first attenuation sheet. The first attenuation sheet, the second attenuation sheet, the aperture diaphragm, the object lens and the CCD camera are arranged on the same axis. Direct sunlight enters an optical system to be imaged on the image plane of the CCD camera through the first attenuation sheet and the second attenuation sheet. The sky brightness is imaged on the image plane of the CCD camera through the second attenuation sheet. The relative value of the sky brightness and the solar brightness can be obtained through the brightness ratio on the image plane of the CCD camera with combination of the attenuation magnitude of the first attenuation sheet. The advantages of the side sheltered solar halo photometer are that the diffraction light intensity of the internal view field can be greatly reduced, the observable range of the internal view field can be enhanced, the sky brightness is observed from the side plane and the sky brightness of the solar range of the radial view field can be increased.

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite meteorology, in particular to a method for generating a clear sky radiation product of a wind cloud stationary satellite, which comprises thefollowing steps: recombining a stationary satellite nominal map in a 3*3 pixel mode; performing quality control on an image unit; performing sea-land judgment on the image unit; judging a clear sky pixel and a cloudy pixel, and obtaining cloud amount information; and calculating the clear sky brightness temperature, cloud area brightness temperature and total brightness temperature. By means of the process, the method for generating a clear sky radiation product of a wind cloud stationary satellite is provided, a produced clear sky radiation product can be directly used for a numerical weatherprediction mode, and the use efficiency of wind cloud satellite data is improved.

The invention discloses a calibration method for a microwave radiometer. The calibration method includes calculating sky brightness temperature that a plurality of zenith angles correspond to according to the brightness temperature transfer function, calculating atmosphere total pad value that the plurality of zenith angles correspond to, conducting linear regression treatment on the secant value of the plurality of zenith angles and the atmosphere total pad value that the plurality fo zenith angles correspond to, utilizing slope of a straight line obtained by the linear regression treatment as the atmosphere total pad value at the time when the zenith angle is 0 degree, calculating the sky brightness temperature when the zenith angle is 0 degree, substitute the sky brightness temperature at the time when the zenith angle is 0 degree into the brightness transfer function to calculate the value of the corresponding calibration coefficient a, updating the value of the calibration coefficient a, repeating the above step to obtain a new a and circulating in this way to enable the restrained a as the calibration value. The calibration method only requires one microwave radiometer and a black body, is low in cost, convenient to operate and high in accuracy, and provides forceful support for detection of atmosphere temperature profile, atmosphere humidity profile and the like.

The invention discloses an unmanned-aerial-vehicle-mounted double-target-plate visibility detection method. The method comprises the steps: forming an unmanned-aerial-vehicle-mounted image collectionunit through employing an unmanned-aerial-vehicle-mounted digital camera, and forming unmanned-aerial-vehicle-mounted target plate units through employing unmanned-aerial-vehicle-mounted target plates; enabling an unmanned-aerial-vehicle-mounted image acquisition unit and the two unmanned-aerial-vehicle-mounted target plate units to fly at the same height in the air, capturing images of the two target plates in real time by using a digital camera, calculating average gray values of black and white parts on each target plate on the images, and substitutes the average gray values into a visibility measurement model to obtain an atmospheric horizontal visibility value at the vertical height. According to the method, a problem that a target originally fixed on a foundation is influenced by obstacles and background sky brightness as well as a problem that the measured value of an existing instrument cannot represent the local actual condition when the atmospheric visibility is uneven can besolved; and high-precision real-time measurement can be performed on visibility weather with different vertical heights, different horizontal orientations and dynamic changes by utilizing the maneuvering flexibility and the hovering operation mode of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

The invention discloses a device for simulating sky brightness distribution. The device includes a hemispherical frame cover which is bestrewed with an illumination module array formed by a pluralityof single light source bodies; the cover top of the hemispherical frame cover is mounted in the middle part of an arc-shaped support, two ends of the arc-shaped support are movably mounted at clampingends of two support frames through two bolts respectively, and one of the bolts is equipped with a locking handle used for locking relative movement of the arc-shaped support and the support frames;and under the control of a controller, brightness of each single light source body is independently controlled. The controller is also connected with a digital camera; and the digital camera collectssky / ambient brightness panorama HDR picture data, and sends the data to the controller. The device collects the sky / ambient brightness panorama HDR picture through the digital camera, the picture dataare stored after being processed by the controller and serve as input data to control the illumination module array mounted on the rotatable hemispherical frame cover to realize simulation of sky brightness distribution.

The invention relates to a method for testing the sky brightness temperature of a horn antenna. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the power and temperature response ratio of a receiver through a normal-temperature and high-temperature load method, obtaining the noise temperature of the receiver through a theoretical calculation mode, and testing the power output of the receiver when a normal-temperature load covers the aperture of the horn antenna, acquiring the ground noise temperature of the receiver at the current elevation angle by combining the power and temperature response ratio and the theoretical noise temperature of the receiver, and then by testing the power output of the receiver corresponding to the sky radiation at the current elevation angle and combining the obtained power and temperature response ratio, the theoretical noise temperature of the receiver and the tested ground noise temperature, accurately calculating the sky brightness temperature under the current elevation angle. According to the method, the receiver power and the temperature response ratio can be obtained without depending on a low-temperature load which is not easy to operate, and ground noise generated by antenna side lobes and back lobes of a horn antenna main wave beam within the elevation angle of 0-90 degrees is tested, so that the sky brightness temperature is accurately separated from the system temperature; the method is directly applied to research work such as receiver strength calibration and atmospheric opacity measurement.