62 results about "Absorption factor" patented technology

An antenna apparatus and a wireless communication apparatus are proposed by the present invention to reduce an absorption factor of electromagnetic waves absorbed by a human body during the telephone call. By arranging antenna disposing means so as to dispose an antenna element indicating a higher absorption factor the more distant from a human body on the basis of an absorption factor of electromagnetic waves absorbed by a human body, measured in advance when at least two or more antenna elements different in electrical length operate as antennas under the same disposing conditions, it is possible to reduce the absorption factor of electromagnetic waves absorbed by a human body during the telephone call in such a degree as to keep an antenna element indicating the higher absorption factor the more distant from the human body even if at least two or more antenna elements are disposed.

The invention relates to a cavity enhanced absorption spectrum device and method for simultaneous measurement of trace gas concentration and aerosol extinction. The LED temperature is controlled by a semiconductor refrigeration chip to ensure the stability of light intensity output. High reflectivity mirrors at both ends of an optical cavity have the same curvature radius and reflectivity greater than 99.9%, and compose a stable optical resonator. Usually, cavity enhanced absorption spectrum measures the light intensity in the cavity with or without gas absorption and the variation curve of the high reflectivity mirrors' lens reflectivity along with the wavelength, and finally the concentration of absorption gas in the cavity can be obtained. The device and the method provided by the invention can realize simultaneous measurement of trace gas concentration and aerosol extinction. The actual measured total absorption coefficient is divided into two parts, one part is a trace gas absorption structure changing rapidly along with the wavelength, and the other part is gas scattering and aerosol extinction coefficient changing slowly along with the wavelength. Nonlinear least-square fitting is carried out on the measured total absorption coefficient to calculate the concentration of the to-be-measured trace gas, and finally the gas absorption structure and gas scattering are deducted from the total absorption coefficient so as to obtain the aerosol extinction coefficient.

The invention relates to a preparation method of AION protective films for optical elements, belonging to the film preparation technical field, which uses high-purity metal AI as target, Ar gas as working gas, N2 and O2 gas as reaction gas, uses reaction magnetic control splash technique to prepare AION films. The AION film has high transmittance and low absorption factor in wide waveband of 0.2 to 12um, high mechanical strength, rigidity, abrasion resistance, high chemical stability and corrosion resistance, which is suitable for the use as rigid protective film of military optical windows and the uses as moisture proof protective film and abrasion resistant film for general optical elements as prisms and lens.

The invention discloses a simulation method of ultra wideband electromagnetic waves. The invention proposes a new PML method on the basis of the PML method under a stretch coordinate system and a difference scheme of a higher-order time domain finite difference method (FDTD (2, 2M)). A piecewise linearity convolutional perfectly matched layer (PCPML, Piecewise linearity CPML) under self-adapting absorption parameters absorbs a boundary condition. PML absorption factors are set to be adjustable parameters by the method so as to absorb different ultra wideband electromagnetic waves from high frequency to low frequency, and the parameters are obtained by a mixed method of an optimization method of a real coding genetic algorithm and a linear iteration method in a self-adapting manner so as to adapt to the absorption of ultra wideband electromagnetic waves. The absorption boundary condition adopted by the method can absorb and process high frequency waves and low frequency waves, and also can reduce the reflection error of a matched layer caused by grid dispersion and edge reflection and improve the absorption efficiency and the accuracy of simulation result.

Water absorption resistant compositions of the present disclosure, e.g., pastes (or solutions), are well suited for electronic screen-printable materials and electronic components. The composition of the present disclosure may optionally contain thermal crosslinking agents, adhesion promoters, and other inorganic fillers. The composition of the present disclosure can have a glass transition temperature greater than 250° C. and a water absorption factor of less than 2%, and a positive solubility measurement.

Water absorption resistant polyimide / epoxy-based compositions, like pastes (or solutions), are particularly useful to make electronic screen-printable materials and electronic components. A group of hydrophobic epoxies (and soluble polyimides) was discovered to be particularly resistant to moisture absorption. The polyimide / epoxy pastes made with these epoxies (and these polyimides) may optionally contain thermal crosslinking agents, adhesion promoting agents, blocked isocyanates, and other inorganic fillers. The polyimide / epoxy pastes of the present invention can have a glass transition temperature greater than 250° C., a water absorption factor of less than 2%, and a positive solubility measurement.

Water absorption resistant polyimide / epoxy-based compositions, like pastes (or solutions), are particularly useful to make electronic screen-printable materials and electronic components. A group of hydrophobic epoxies (and soluble polyimides) was discovered to be particularly resistant to moisture absorption. The polyimide / epoxy pastes made with these epoxies (and these polyimides) may optionally contain thermal crosslinking agents, adhesion promoting agents, blocked isocyanates, and other inorganic fillers. The polyimide / epoxy pastes of the present invention can have a glass transition temperature greater than 250° C., a water absorption factor of less than 2%, and a positive solubility measurement.

The invention relates to formula milk for children with food preference and a production method thereof. The production method comprises the following steps: carrying out reflowing and purification treatment, homogeneity and sterilization; adding vitamin and mineral substance, concentrating, and drying; and finally adding lactoferrin and colostrum to prepare the formula milk. The formula milk relates to the food preference nutrition equalization optimizing system which is also called food preference NBO system. Aiming at the fact that the children with food preference are possibly subject to dysontogenesis and grows slowly, a calcium-peptide absorption system is designed to help the physical development of the children; aiming at the fact that the children with food preference possibly lack certain or various nutrient elements, the food preference nutrition combination composition is added in the formula milk; aiming at the fact that the children with food preference are possibly subject to hypophrenia, an alpinia oxyphylla combination is added in the formula milk; aiming at the fact that the children with food preference possibly have poor immunity, immunity gold combination is added; and aiming at the characteristics that the children with food preference possibly take less food, and are easy to form the vicious circle of the food preference and the like, digestive absorption factor combination is designed.

The invention relates to a self-absorption effect revising treatment method for fluorescence EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) data. The self-absorption effect revising treatment method comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining structure parameters of a sample to be detected and a scattering amplitude factor and scattering amplitude of an isolated atom of a corresponding element of the sample to be detected; (2) calculating a refraction factor and an absorption factor of the isolated atom; (3) calculating refractive indexes of upper and lower films of the sample to be detected according to an X-ray waveband refractive index expression and calculating fluorescence intensity I0 (E) generated by the isolated atom by utilizing a multi-layered film fluorescence intensity calculation method; (4) initializing a revising factor alpha (E) and calculating a scattering amplitude and a scattering amplitude factor, which have fine oscillating structures and are not influenced by a self-absorption effect; (5) calculating a refraction factor and an absorption factor, which have oscillating structures; (6) utilizing the multi-layered film fluorescence intensity calculation method to calculate fluorescence intensity I (E) with an oscillating structure; (7) calculating an oscillating structure function Xcal(E) according to the I0 (E) and the I (E); and (8) judging whether the Xcal(E) meets the requirements or not. Compared with the prior art, the self-absorption effect revising treatment method for the fluorescence EXAFS data has the advantages of high reliability, wide application range and the like.

The invention relates to a cellulose water retention agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of high polymer materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking plant straws, adding water, microbes and urea, reacting, regulating the pH value to 8-11, and reacting at 10-35 DEG C for 0.5-4 hours; after the reaction finishes, filtering to obtain a fiber microcrystal; taking the fiber microcrystal, adding water, acrylic acid, an alkaline matter, an initiator and a crosslinking agent, uniformly stirring, and reacting at 10-35 DEG C for 1-6 hours to obtain a jelly polymer; and heating the jelly polymer at 40-80 DEG C for 0.5-3 hours, and drying to obtain the fiber water retention agent. The water absorption factor of the fiber water retention agent for distilled water is up to 500-850 g / g, and the water absorption factor for 0.9% brine is up to 50-100 g / g.

An acoustic wave detection probe includes a light projection section that emits measuring light to be projected onto a subject, an acoustic wave transducer disposed adjacent to the light projection section and capable of detecting an acoustic wave, an acoustic lens provided on a detection side of the acoustic wave transducer, and a housing accommodating the light projection section, the acoustic wave transducer, and the acoustic lens, in which the acoustic lens and a surface portion of the housing adjacent to the acoustic lens are formed to have an optical property in which the average diffuse reflection factor is 85% or more and the average absorption factor is 10% or less in a wavelength range of the measuring light.

The invention provides an endoscope system and a motion control method thereof, and a processor device; therefore, even if the difference of oxygen states of blood vessels is very small, the difference can be identified to be color difference being displayed; a test body is illuminated by narrow band light of a first different absorb waveband with oxyhemoglobin having a bigger light absorption factor than reduced hemoglobin having a smaller light absorption factor, and the test body is videoed to obtain blue image data Bx. The test body, illuminated by G light having green waveband, is videoed to obtain green image data Gy; intensity ratio B / G is calculated according to the blue image data Bx and the green image data Gy; the intensity ratio B / G and the reduction of the oxygen saturation correspondingly enlarges; gain processing corresponding to the intensity ratio B / G is carried out for the blue image data Bx and the green image data Gy, thereby obtaining blue image data Bx* and green image data Gy*. And oxygen saturation image can be displayed according to the blue image data Bx* and green image data Gy*.

The present invention proposes variations of the laser separation method allowing separating homoepitaxial films from the substrates made from the same crystalline material as the epitaxial film. This new method of laser separation is based on using the selective doping of the substrate and epitaxial film with fine donor and acceptor impurities. In selective doping,, concentration of free carries in the epitaxial film and substrate may essentially differ and this can lead to strong difference between the light absorption factors in the infrared region near the residual beams region where free carriers and phonon-plasmon interaction of the optical phonons with free carriers make an essential contribution to infrared absorption of the optical phonons. With the appropriate selection of the doping levels and frequency of infrared laser radiation it is possible to achieve that laser radiation is absorbed in general in the region of strong doping near the interface substrate- homoepitaxial film. When scanning the interface substrate- homoepitaxial film with the focused laser beam of sufficient power, thermal decomposition of the semiconductor crystal takes place with subsequent separation of the homoepitaxial film. The advantage of the proposed variations of the method for laser separation of epitaxial films in comparison with the known ones is in that it allows to separate homoepitaxial films from the substrates, i.e., homoepitaxial films having the same width of the forbidden gap as the initial semiconductor substrate has. The proposed variations of the method can be used for separation of the epitaxial films. Besides, the proposed method allows using the high-effective and inexpensive infrared gas silicon dioxide CO2 or silicon oxide CO lasers for separation of the epitaxial films.

The invention discloses a signal to noise ratio evaluation device and a signal to noise ratio evaluation method for a rubidium atomic frequency standard, and belongs to the field of atomic frequency standards. The device comprises a first analogue-to-digital sampling unit, a second analogue-to-digital sampling unit and a master control unit. The method comprises the following steps of: drawing an absorption curve according to a corresponding relationship between a frequency discrimination signal and a voltage point of first sweep voltage; drawing a frequency discrimination curve according to a corresponding relationship between a voltage control signal and a voltage point of second sweep voltage; calculating an absorption factor according to the absorption curve; calculating a line width according to the frequency discrimination curve; acquiring a preset modulation depth; and calculating the signal to noise ratio of the rubidium atomic frequency standard by using the absorption factor, the line width and the modulation depth. By the device and the method, the accuracy of the signal to noise ratio of the rubidium atomic frequency standard is improved.

Composite materials in various shapes and sizes and in various configurations for use in ballistic armor confined in cylindrical and dome shaped enclosures; held under pressure to increase the impact absorption factor. An armor comprising an auxiliary layer disposed in front thereof at a determined distance wherein said layer comprises pre-stressed members arranged in a spacious pattern. A method is proposed for manufacturing of pre-stressed structure and armor by expanding the cavity into which ceramic materials are inserted so that pressure is applied to the ceramic materials.

A waveform shaping apparatus includes a quantum dot optical amplifier in which an amplification factor of input signal beams saturates if the optical power of the signal beams is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; and a quantum dot saturable absorber in which an absorption factor of the input signal beams saturates if the optical power of the signal beams is under a predetermined value. The quantum dot optical amplifier and the quantum dot saturable absorber are connected in series with a transmission path of the signal beams, and shape the waveform of the signal beams. Voltages applied to the quantum dot optical amplifier and the quantum dot saturable absorber, respectively, are adjusted based on the optical power of the signal beams.

The invention belongs to the acoustical technical field and relates in specific to a novel non-fiber type and micropunched sound absorption type sound barrier body with transition cavity. The invention comprises a micropunched panel, a top face, a bottom face, a left end face, a right end face and a back plate; the micropunched panel, the top face, the bottom face, the left end face, the right end face and the back plate are connected to form a closed cavity; the cavity depth appears in a linear transition; the maximum depth is 2.5 to 3.5 times as the minimum depth. The micropunched panel is arranged with micropores with total occupied area of 0.5 percent to 3 percent of the panel area; the micropore aperture is 0.6 to 1.2mm. In actual use, it is only necessary to mount the invented device into a sound barrier vertical column or other places for sound absorption process. The invented device is characterized in being simple, easy and convenient manufacturing, thin shape and being light and having perfect sound absorption performances. Sound absorption band width with sound absorption factor higher than 0.4 exceeds 2 octaves. Therefore, the invention has advantages of broad application scope, easy purging, high-temperature resistance, and superior weather ability. Besides, the invented device can be completely recycled for use to thoroughly avoid the problem of secondary pollution, for which the invention has superior environmental protection function.

The invention discloses a preparation method of zinc selenide with high optical quality, which belongs to the technical field of inorganic block body material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: putting zinc into a deposition furnace; pumping the vacuum; raising the temperature in a deposition chamber; using argon as carrying gas of reaction raw material gas; introducing H2Se gas and the argon into the deposition chamber through a mass flowmeter (the mol ratio of zinc to H2Se is between 0.8 and 1.2, the deposition reaction is carried out on the inner wall of the deposition chamber, and the zinc selenide begins to grow); maintaining the unchanged mol ratio of zinc to H2Se and the constant pressure in the furnace; carrying out deposition for 15 to 25 days; and then, lowering the temperature to the room temperature to obtain the zinc selenide with high optical quality. The invention effectively solves the problem of powder generation in the process of preparing the zinc selenide through chemical vapor deposition, the impurities mixed in products are eliminated, the materials have high infrared transmission rate and low absorption factor, and the optical quality is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a method for directly measuring the gas absorption spectrum shape, which belongs to the field of gas detection. In the method, two beams of light divided from one laser beam pass through two different light paths, then, two photodetectors are used for respectively detecting laser signals, and generated electric signals are amplified by a pre-amplification circuit, wherein one path of laser signals is absorbed by gas to be detected, and the other path of signals can be absorbed by gas with the known concentration or is not absorbed by gas. After passing through a divider, two paths of photodetector signals directly reflect the gas absorption intensity. If the signals also pass through a log device, the absorption factor can be directly obtained. The detection method of the invention directly eliminates the noise on the circuit before the data is collected, so signals collected by a subsequent data collection circuit directly form the proportional relationship with the gas absorption spectrum. The data processing process is simplified, the detection precision is improved, and in addition, the invention also discloses a balance detection circuit for directly measuring the gas absorption spectrum shape.

The invention provides a laser multiple reflection photoacoustic spectroscopy technology-based aerosol optical absorption coefficient detection apparatus. Laser passes through an optical isolator and an optoacoustic cell and is reflected by a first reflector, reflected laser passes through the optoacoustic cell and the optical isolator and is reflected by a second reflector, newly obtained reflected laser passes through the optical isolator and the optoacoustic cell and is reflected by the first reflector, the reflected laser passes through the optoacoustic cell and the optical isolator and then is output, a lock-in amplifier is connected with a microphone and a signal generator, and an optoacoustic signal is extracted from noises and is counted by a computer to obtain the absorption coefficient of aerosol. A technical problem that the influences of insufficient utilization of laser power on the detection precision of photoacoustic spectroscopy technology-based aerosol optical absorption coefficient detection apparatuses in the prior art is solved in the invention. Multiple reflection of the laser is carried out in the optoacoustic cell, so the laser power in the optoacoustic cell is improved without improving the laser output power; and the sensitivity of the amplitude enhancement detection apparatus of the optoacoustic signal is improved.

Provided are an optical information recording device, an optical information recording method, and an optical information recording medium which provide an appropriate recording characteristic even when a disturbance occurs during information recording. A drive forms record marks and spaces by irradiating blue-purple laser light to an optical disk, for which an organic dye exhibiting a predetermined absorption factor with respect to light having a wavelength of at or near 405 nm is used, and thus records information. For recording of information, the power of the blue-purple laser light is controlled using writing power used for forming record marks, space formation power used for forming spaces that may be higher than read power used for reproducing information recorded in an optical information recording medium, and bias power higher than read power.

The invention discloses a sunlight greenhouse solar photovoltaic power generation utilization device and method. A plurality of pieces of solar photovoltaic power generation glass or films parallel to the vertical surface of a back vertical wall of a greenhouse realize the arrangement at intervals through positioning clamps and are fixedly connected with a fixing framework, the front and back span of the greenhouse, the height of the vertical surface of the back vertical wall of the greenhouse, the left and right house total width of the greenhouse, the average heat absorption factor of the back vertical wall and the distance from the solar photovoltaic power generation glass or films to the vertical surface of the back vertical wall of the greenhouse are determined; then, the solar photovoltaic power generation glass or films are selected, and the distance from the solar photovoltaic power generation glass or films to the left side wall and the right side wall of the greenhouse and the height from the solar photovoltaic power generation glass or films to the ground of the greenhouse are determined; and finally, the installation number of the solar photovoltaic power generation glass or films and the space between every two pieces of solar photovoltaic power generation glass or every two solar photovoltaic power generation films are determined according to a formula. Partial solar energy irradiating to the vertical surface of the back vertical wall of the sunlight greenhouse is converted into electric energy, the solar utilization rate in unit area of the greenhouse is improved, and planted crops can be ensured to normally obtain illumination.

The invention relates to an uncooled infrared 3D MEMS system structure and a manufacturing method thereof, relates to the field of uncooled infrared 3D MEMS structures, and aims to solve the problem that the traditional structure cannot solve the device planarization due to the fact that the pixel size is reduced and solve the problem that metal interconnection is difficult due to a multi-layer process after a new MEMS structure is adopted, keep the area of vanadium oxide as much as possible, reduce thermal conductance of a bridge leg, and ensure that the device performance is not reduced after the device pixel is reduced in size. A honeycomb structure is adopted; an infrared absorption factor is increased; a groove is arranged in the middle part of a medium layer; a reflection layer is positioned on the upper surface of the groove in the middle part of the medium layer; a first sacrificial layer and a second sacrificial layer are sequentially over the reflection layer; furthermore, the first sacrificial layer is positioned in the groove in the middle part of the medium layer; the first sacrificial layer structure is manufactured by being embedded in a medium of a circuit; and thus, subsequent manufacturing of small dimension line width and small pixels is facilitated.

The invention discloses an application of gastrodin for preventing and treating osteoporosis, gastrodin has nontoxic effect to osteoblast precursor cells, and has no influence on cell proliferation; gastrodin has protection effect on apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 caused by hydrogen peroxide; improves oxidative stress state induced by H2O2 in a differentiation process of the MC3T3-E1, and has protective function on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation inhibition caused by H2O2; besides, gastrodin can inhibit expression of a bone absorption factor. Therefore, gastrodin can play a role of protecting osteoporosis through improvement on osteoblast apoptosis and differentiation inhibition, and indirect inhibition of osteoclast activation. In an osteoporosis model of castrated mice, gastrodin can improve oxidative stress state in serum, improves a bone micro-structure of cancellous bone of distal femur and lumbar vertebra, and increases osteogenesis rate of distal femur, so that gastrodin can improve bone micro-structure by inhibiting the oxidative stress state and has the effect for preventing and treating osteoporosis.

The invention discloses fruit-vegetable selenium-enriched compound fertilizer, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 200 to 240 parts of a mixture of chicken manure, duck manure and sheep manure, 50 to 70 parts of a mixture of sweet potato leaf and lettuce leaf, 30 to 50 parts of floating aquatic plant dry powder, 5 to 15 parts of clam shell powder, 20 to 30 parts of urea, 15 to 25 parts of sodium selenite, 4 to 6 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 to 7 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 to 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 to 7 parts of phosphate rock powder, 3 to 5 parts of culture and 18 to 22 parts of potassium humate. According to the fruit-vegetable selenium-enriched compound fertilizer, through adding poultry-livestock manures and plant fibers, overall nutrients are provided for the growth of a crop; the sodium selenite is applied to the selenium-enriched fertilizer; the threats of the fertilizer self to the health of a producer and a consumer are evaded. Meanwhile, fermentation is carried out on the plant fibers and the poultry-livestock manures by adopting the culture; organic compounds of high molecular protein and the like in the plant fibers and the poultry-livestock manures are decomposed; the organic compounds are degraded into nutritional ingredients which are suitably absorbed by a plant; the absorption factor of the crop to a nutritional substance can be improved.

An acoustic wave detection probe includes a light projection section that emits measuring light to be projected onto a subject, an acoustic wave transducer disposed adjacent to the light projection section and capable of detecting an acoustic wave, an acoustic lens provided on a detection side of the acoustic wave transducer, and a housing accommodating the light projection section, the acoustic wave transducer, and the acoustic lens, in which the acoustic lens and a surface portion of the housing adjacent to the acoustic lens are formed to have an optical property in which the average diffuse reflection factor is 85% or more and the average absorption factor is 10% or less in a wavelength range of the measuring light.

Composite materials in various shapes and sizes and in various configurations for use in ballistic armor confined in cylindrical and dome shaped enclosures; held under pressure to increase the impact absorption factor. An armor comprising an auxiliary layer disposed in front thereof at a determined distance wherein said layer comprises pre-stressed members arranged in a spacious pattern. A method is proposed for manufacturing of pre-stressed structure and armor by expanding the cavity into which ceramic materials are inserted so that pressure is applied to the ceramic materials.

The invention provides a paperless ultra-thin and super-soft double-spunlace core body comprising a spunlace layer, a fluffy fabric layer and a lower spunlace layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. Viscose glue layers are sprayed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fluffy fabric layer correspondingly. A plurality of water absorption factors are sprinkled on the viscose glue layers of the fluffy fabric layer. The spunlace layer is glued on the upper surface of the fluffy fabric layer. The lower spunlace layer is glued on the lower surface of the fluffy fabric layer. Commonly-adopted dust-free paper is replaced, the upper layer adopts spunlace, the lower layer also adopts spunlace, and meanwhile the glue spraying amount is decreased, so that the whole core body is thinner, the hand feeling is softer, accordingly, the product quality is improved, and when the core body is applied to nursing materials, users have more comfortable experience. Compared with products such as the first three generations of diapers which are mainly made of paper, the product is mainly made of nonwoven fabrics, so that the qualitative leap on the product quality is achieved, and the level is promoted greatly.

The invention discloses application of stilbeneglycoside (TSG) to prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis. TSG has no toxic effect on osteoblast precursor cells, and does not affect cell proliferation; TSG has protective function on apoptosis of osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), improves oxidative stress state induced by H2O2 in a differentiation process of the MC3T3-E1, and has protective function on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation inhibition caused by H2O2; besides, TSG can inhibit expression of a bone absorption factor. Therefore, TSG can play a role of protecting osteoporosis through improvement on osteoblast apoptosis and differentiation inhibition, and indirect inhibition of osteoclast activation.

The invention discloses an analyzing method of pollutant absorption capability of a deep UV (ultraviolet) fluoride film element, and belongs to the field of deep UV optics technology applications. The method comprises the following steps of: 1. testing the reflectivity R0 or transmittance T0 of a fluoride film sample after primary plating; 2. testing the reflectivity R1 or transmittance T1 after the sample absorbs organic matters or water vapor after the fluoride film sample is placed in an application environment system and is used or stored for a period of time; 3. carrying out low-power energy density irradiation on the surface of the sample by an ArF excimer laser, purging the dry high-purity N2 in the whole optical path system, and meanwhile monitoring the transmission laser energy by an energy meter; 4. carrying out spectrum testing on the sample after laser irradiation by the ArF excimer laser, thereby obtaining the reflectivity R2 or transmittance T2 of the sample after laser irradiation; and 5. operating an absorption factor Eta by the formula that Eta=Eta1+Eta2=(T2-T1) / T1+(T0-T2) / T0.