175results about How to "Structure does not change" patented technology

The invention relates to a saline-sodic land reclamation and control method. Wide and deep research is long developed on the reclamation of saline-sodic land at home and abroad, and more focuses on engineering measures than applies biological techniques; although achievement has been made, some insurmountable difficulties still exist. The saline-sodic land reclamation and control method comprises the following steps: bulk deep loosening, applying soil deep loosening agents and saline-sodic soil improvement agents to deep loosening soil, purposefully and proportionally applying biologically organic fertilizer according to the composition of soil detected by adopting a nutrient balance method and a nitrogen phosphorus and potassium proportioning method which both comprise the following steps: subtracting soil nutrient-supplying amount from the fertilizer requirement of target yield, supplementing the balance through fertilizing, hathpace ridge forming, draining water and controlling salt, planting green manure-saline alkali tolerant high-yielding grass crop jerusalem artichoke to thoroughly improve the soil.

The invention provides a method for automatically correcting temperature drift of an electrical vortex sensor. According to the method, a certain impedance measuring circuit is utilized to obtain the equivalent inductance and the resistance of a detection coil, the relationship, changing along with temperature and measurement, of the inductance and the resistance of the detection coil is utilized to remove the influence of temperature changes and extract actual measured change information. According to the method, signals of the vortex sensor composed of an impedance measuring module (4) and a rectification calculating module (5) is used for conditioning the circuit, so that to-be-measured information is obtained, rectification is conducted automatically, and the influence of temperature changes is removed at the same time. According to the method, when temperature drift is rectified, no extra probes or coils or temperature sensors are further arranged, and temperature drift rectification effect is remarkable. Moreover, the method has the advantages of being wide in application range, simple in structure, easy to implement and the like. When the method is used for automatically rectifying the temperature drift of a probe of the electrical vortex sensor, temperature drift coefficients can generally be reduced to below 5nm / DEG C from 500nm / DEG C.

The invention is concerned with the connecting slice structure of battery, which assorts with at least two batteries set of the battery cover, it is: the connecting slice structure of battery is integrative formation and with at least one bending part and the connecting part located at the both sides of the bending part, fixes the connecting slice structure of battery on the battery cover by the connecting part, and creates distortion of the bending part when the battery gets stress in order to avoid the battery cover to create movement. The invention can make the battery main body unchanged and protects the thickness of the battery.

The present invention relates to an automatic emergency anti-collision anti-roll stranding-preventing sink-resisting and overturn-preventing equipment for ship. Said equipment is formed from high-pressure air cylinder, air bag, air compressor, air pumping machine, electromagnetic reverse control valve, safety valve, air bag interior pressure sensor, one-way valve and pipeline. The above-mentionedhigh-pressure air cylinder is connected between inlet and outlet of every air bag by means of electromagnetic reverse control valve, safety valve, air bag interior pressure sensor and pipeline, and the air pumping machine also is connected between inlet and outlet of every air bag by means of electromagnetic reverse control valve, safety valve, air bag interior pressure sensor and pipeline.

The invention discloses an expanding type clamp used on a lathe and a machining method thereof. A workpiece is usually clamped from outside to inside when being machined on the lathe. However, for a short thin-wall workpiece which has a cone-shaped outer surface, does not have a cylindrical surface and has high requirements for machining accuracy and coaxiality, when machining of one end of the workpiece is finished and the other end needs to be machined, a universal clamp can not meet the requirements due to the fact that the universal clamp is low in clamping force and prone to deformation. The expanding type clamp used on the lathe and the machining method thereof are suitable for being used in the situation that machining of one end of a short thin-wall workpiece, with a small inner diameter and a cone-shaped or angular outer surface and having high requirements for machining accuracy and coaxiality and free of a cylindrical surface, is finished and the other end needs to be machined. A hole of the machined workpiece is sleeved on an expanding type clamping head first, and then the circumference of the clamp expands outwards evenly in a clamping process to stretch the inner diameter of the workpiece to be machined to carry out lathe work. The clamp is loosened after the machining is finished, the expanding type clamping head contracts elastically, and then the machined workpiece is taken down easily.

The invention discloses a rubber vibration isolator for a rail transit floating slab track bed vibration isolation system. The rubber vibration isolator comprises an upper cover plate, an upper iron part, a rubber part, a lower iron part, a lower seat plate, an iron core, a limit bolt and a locking plug screw, the upper cover plate, the upper iron part, the rubber part, the lower iron part and the lower seat plate are sequentially connected, the upper cover plate is detachably connected with the upper iron part, the upper iron part, the lower iron part and the rubber part are integrally vulcanized, the lower seat plate is detachably connected with the lower iron part, the iron core is arranged in the rubber part, the iron core and the rubber part are integrally vulcanized, the limit bolt sequentially penetrates the upper cover plate, the iron part, the rubber part and the lower iron part and is connected with the upper cover plate in a threaded manner, and the locking plug screw is connected with the upper cover plate in a threaded manner and abutted to the top face of the limit bolt. The rubber vibration isolator is high in bearing capacity, fine in fatigue resistance, simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, mount and maintain and has fine vibration isolation performances, and vertical limit and radial limit can be realized.

The invention discloses a multipoint disturbance positioning method of a fiber-distributed disturbance sensor. The fiber-distributed disturbance sensor is a fiber-distributed disturbance sensor based on double Mach-Zehnder interferometers. The method includes the steps: S1, obtaining a first output signal and a second output signal respectively through the double Mach-Zehnder interferometers; S2, respectively preprocessing the first output signal and the second output signal to obtain phase information in the first output signal and the second output signal; S3, performing time domain cross-correlation processing for the processed first output signal and the processed second output signal; and S4, performing frequency domain spectral analysis processing for results after the time domain cross-correlation processing, and extracting position information of a multipoint disturbance signal. By the aid of the method, the fiber-distributed disturbance sensor which is simple in structure and low in hardware cost can be used for achieving multipoint disturbance positioning.

The present invention provides a voltage tracking retainer on the basis of single-phase inversion. The voltage tracking retainer on the basis of single-phase inversion comprises a sampling and control module, a power supply module and an inversion module. The sampling and control module includes a mains voltage amplitude detection sampling circuit, 220V network voltage and current phase sampling circuit, a load voltage and current detection circuit and a single chip microcomputer main control unit. The power supply module includes a rectification module, a direct current reduction voltage module, a power supply bidirectional selection controller, an intelligent charge and discharge circuit, a high frequency PWM generation circuit and a transformer push-pull output circuit. The inversion module includes a driving circuit and an inverter switching main circuit. The voltage tracking retainer on the basis of single-phase inversion is able to realize the sampling of power grid sinusoidal voltage amplitudes and the sampling of voltage and current phases through adoption of the alternating current sampling technology, and solve the voltage tracking accuracy problem through adoption of an improved double closed loop control algorithm. Through analysis of the voltage state, the voltage tracking retainer on the basis of single-phase inversion triggers a network voltage tracking retainer to invert and output the sinusoidal voltage, remains an alternating current contactor to continue actuation, overcomes the problem of poor quality of the short-time electric energy and ensures the continuous stabilization operation of a device.

A fuel oil heating auxiliary device of a diesel engine has the functions of heating and exhausting, is provided with a control circuit, an electromagnetic gas valve and an exhaust pump device, is installed in front of an oil supply pump of the engine, and is connected with an oil conveying pipe. A small amount of fuel oil is reserved in an electric heating auxiliary device cup, the temperature of the fuel oil reaches above the cold filter plugging point, and the fuel oil is used for low-temperature starting and initial-stage running of the engine. After the engine is started, an oil tank and other oil paths are heated through the residual heat of an antifreezing solution and the tail gas, and therefore stable operation of the engine is achieved. After the engine stops, the liquid level inside the auxiliary device cup is recovered through the functions of the electromagnetic gas valve and the exhaust pump to facilitate the next time of low-temperature starting. Through the technical scheme, the fuel oil heating auxiliary device of the diesel engine has the advantages that the pre-heating time of the engine in the low-temperature starting process is largely shortened; the load of the storage battery is largely reduced; the diesel engine can use diesel with a high condensation point at low temperature, and oil cost is saved; the structure is simple, installation is convenient, the structure of an original fuel oil system is not changed, and the fuel oil heating auxiliary device of the diesel engine can be widely popularized.

The invention relates to a DES round operation method. The method includes the steps that in the DES procedure, for the linear operation only involving position exchange or simple Boolean operation, the Exclusive Or operation is adopted to conduct data masking and restoring; for S boxes of the linear operation, S boxes of different circuit structures and with different power consumption curves in the operation process are designed, and by randomly selecting the arrangement of the S boxes on a data path, the power consumption of operation of the S boxes in the DES is randomized. By means of the method, an attacker cannot observe the real data on the data path in the encryption and decryption processes, meanwhile, due to power consumption randomization, it is difficult to conduct statistics and analysis on secret keys, and the ability to defend the power consumption analysis attack of the DES circuit can be improved without changing the DES circuit structure and with the small cost.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a closed coaxial differential arch dental roller for a semi-feeding combined harvester and a semi-feeding rice thresher. Aiming at the defects of large volume and complicated structure of the traditional threshing roller, the invention provides the closed coaxial differential arch dental roller with small volume, simple structure and favorable threshing effect. The closed coaxial differential arch dental roller comprises a closed low-speed roller, a closed high-speed roller, a hollow shaft and a roller shaft, wherein the hollow shaft is sleeved on the roller shaft; the low-speed roller is fixed on the hollow shaft; the high-speed roller is fixed on the roller shaft; a plurality of arc teeth which are spirally arranged are arranged on the cylindrical surface of a roller body of the high-speed roller; a thrust bearing and an adjusting sleeve are arranged between the high-speed roller and the lower-speed roller on the roller shaft; a transitional ring with arch teeth is arranged between the high-speed roller and the lower-speed roller; the head of the low-speed roller is in a circular truncated cone shape; a guide plate is arranged at the head of the low-speed roller; two rows of triangle belt wheels II are arranged on the hollow shaft; and triangular belt wheels I are arranged on the roller shaft.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic array variable structure control method capable of increasing electric energy production of a photovoltaic power generation system. When the voltages at the two ends of a general photovoltaic array are higher than the voltage required by grid connection, a corresponding control switch enables two groups of sub photovoltaic arrays to be connected in parallel for supplying power to a photovoltaic inverter; and when the voltages at the two ends of a general photovoltaic array are lower than the voltage required by grid connection, the corresponding control switch enables the two groups of sub photovoltaic arrays to be connected in series for supplying power to the photovoltaic inverter. According to the photovoltaic array variable structure control method, a group of control switches are adopted in a combiner box; the series-parallel connection modes of the photovoltaic arrays are automatically changed according to the magnitudes of the output voltages of the photovoltaic array, so that it is ensured that the photovoltaic inverter can be connected to the power grid to realize power generation even if the illuminance intensity is relatively low; and the purpose of increasing the electric energy production of the photovoltaic power generation system is fulfilled as well.

The invention relates to a lubrication device of a construction lifter. An oil tank (4) is provided with a first chamber (46), a second chamber (45), a U-shaped clamp (12) and a rainproof edge (5). An oil distribution frame device (9), for example, a hollow pipe which is stretchable in length or is provided with an integrated oil distribution frame clamp (11), is arranged, and the oil distribution frame device is provided with the oil distribution frame clamp (11) and multiple oil distribution pipes, and can be also provided with a hairbrush. A control system which can be composed of a micro processing controller, a large-power driving element and a sensor or composed of a voltage sensor, a counter and a timer is arranged, and the control system drives the large-power driving element to control an oil pump motor (41). The lubrication device of the construction lifter can effectively prolong the service life of the construction lifter, does not change the structure and rigidity of the exiting construction lifter, does not need to puncture the construction lifter, is convenient to install, and realizes accurate and appropriate lubrication, energy conservation, environment protection, oil and time saving, separation of electricity and oil, rain prevention and dust prevention.

The invention discloses a novel preload regulation device for a high-speed motorized spindle bearing. The novel preload regulation device comprises a shaft shoulder, a front bearing, an outer ring spacer, an inner ring spacer, a rear bearing, a spindle and a locking nut, wherein the front bearing and the rear bearing are isolated by the inner ring spacer and the outer ring spacer to be arranged on the spindle in a sleeving manner, one ends of the front bearing and the rear bearing prop against the shaft shoulder, and the other ends of the front bearing and the rear bearing are locked by the locking nut; the inner ring spacer and the outer ring spacer are made of materials quite different in linear expansion coefficients, the linear expansion coefficient of the inner ring spacer is larger than that of the outer ring spacer, the axial length of the inner ring spacer is smaller than that of the outer ring spacer under the normal temperature, in a high-speed rotation process of the motorized spindle, the temperature raises, the axial elongation of the inner ring spacer is larger than that of the outer ring spacer along with the raising of the temperature, the length difference of the two ring spacers is smaller than a length difference delta in an initial pre-tightening process, and the extrusion force to a rolling body is reduced, so that the pre-tightening force is reduced in the high-speed rotation process, the heating amount of the bearing is reduced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged. The novel preload regulation device is simple and practical and can be used for effectively regulating the pre-tightening force of the bearing without basically changing a spindle structure.

The invention discloses an organic anode material and a preparation method and an application thereof. The organic anode material is a composite material of perylene diimide and conductive carbon black and can be used as a lithium / sodium ion battery anode material. The organic anode electrode material compounded by perylene diimide and conductive carbon is prepared by means of an acid liquid method. Compared with existing modification methods such as a polymerization method and a ball milling process, the preparation method is simple in process and relatively low in cost. Meanwhile, the organic anode electrode material treated by the acid liquid method is in more compactly contact with a conducting agent, so that the conductivity of organic molecules is improved effectively and meanwhile,the phenomenon that organic molecules are dissolved in an electrolyte in charge and discharge processes is avoided. Compared with existing modification methods, the organic anode electrode material compounded by perylene diimide and conductive carbon can be applied to lithium ion electrode and sodium ion battery at the same time, and the rate performance and the cycle stability thereof are higherthan those of existing modification methods.

The invention relates to a micromechanical structure for measuring or detecting a mechanical quantity or a dynamic quantity, including a deformable membrane (20) and a supporting substrate (10), the membrane (20) including a first portion (20a) and a second portion (20b) surrounded by the first portion (20a), the second portion (20b) having a thickness that is less than the thickness of the first portion (20a), the membrane (20) being suspended above the supporting substrate (10) and thus defining a free space (30), said micromechanical structure comprising in addition a lower abutment (21) for limiting the deformations of the membrane (20), said lower abutment (21) being arranged above the supporting substrate (10) and extending into the free space (30) from said supporting substrate (10) toward the membrane (20), characterized in that the lower abutment (21) comprises islets (101-108) that extend into the free space (30) toward the membrane (20) from a flat surface of the lower abutment (21), the islets (101-108) forming a relief structure in such a manner that, in the case of contact between the islets (101-108) and the fine portion (20b) of the membrane (20), the contact surface between the islets (101-108) and the fine portion (20b) of the membrane (20) is small with respect to the dimensions of the fine portion (20b) of the membrane (20).

The invention discloses a production method of polyphenylene sulfide-based adsorption separation resin. The production method comprises the following steps: adding a solvent to polyphenylene sulfide resin to swell the polyphenylene sulfide resin adding anhydrous tin tetrachloride and chloromethyl ether, heating and reacting above materials, and post-processing the obtained reaction product to obtain CH2Cl-containing CMPPS resin; and adding a solvent to the obtained CMPPS resin to swell the CMPPS resin, adding a catalyst and a functionalized monomer, heating and reacting above materials, and post-processing the obtained reaction product to obtain the final product polyphenylene sulfide-based adsorption separation resin. Functional groups comprising a thienyl group, a 3-aminopyridyl group and a mercapto group, introduced to the invention, have good coordination adsorption ability to heavy metal ions, and the functional groups contain N and S hetero atoms, have small relative molecular mass, and can easily coordinate with the heavy metal ions, so an excellent adsorption purpose can be reached.

The invention relates to an external cavity laser device used for a fiber grating sensor system. The device comprises a semiconductor optical amplifier 9, a Faraday rotation total-reflection mirror 6, a control circuit 8, a fiber coupler 2 and a sensory point fiber grating 4; wherein, the semiconductor optical amplifier 9 and the Faraday rotation total-reflection mirror 6 are combined into a light source 1; the Faraday rotation total-reflection mirror 6 functions as a reflecting surface of input light and meanwhile rotates the polarization state of the input light by 90 degrees and then reflects into the semiconductor optical amplifier 9 for amplification as well as compensates the polarization dependence of the semiconductor optical amplifier 9; the sensory point fiber grating 4 functions as another reflecting surface and forms a laser cavity resonator together with the Faraday rotation total-reflection mirror 6. The light source provided by the device of the invention has the advantages of high effective power of output, simple structure and strong practicality.

The invention discloses a tool changing error detection prewarning device for a machining centre in the technical field of machining. The tool changing error detection prewarning device comprises a prewarning system, a compensating system, a tool loading brake switch, a displacement sensor, a brake block, a tool unloading brake switch, a magnetic base and a connecting rod, wherein the displacement sensor is fixedly connected with the magnetic base to transmit tool change errors of the machining centre to the prewarning system, the prewarning system is arranged on the magnetic base and connected with the tool loading brake switch and the compensating system to transmit tool changing error prewarning decision information of the machining centre, the tool loading brake switch is connected with the magnetic base to brake a tool changing mechanism of the machining center, the compensating system is connected with the base to transmit a tool changing error compensating strategy, and the brake block and the connecting rod are fixedly connected and move simultaneously to trigger the tool loading brake switch for realizing tool changing error hard braking.

The invention provides a draught fan control device and control method in a power electronic power cabinet. The draught fan control device comprises a sensor unit, a draught fan controller and a master controller. The control method is to determine the optimal operation mode through the measurement and the comparison of temperature and wind speed of a heat load case when the draught fan operates in the forward direction and the reverse direction. Compared with the prior art, the control device is simple and efficient in structure, interior structures of the draught fan and the power cabinet are not changed, meanwhile, the heat dissipation efficiency of the draught fan in the flexible power transmission and distribution converter valve power cabinet is improved, and the reliable operation of the power cabinet is guaranteed. The control method is simple and practicable, the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the draught fan are determined according to the heat dissipation condition of the load in the power cabinet, different heat dissipation schemes are provided for different power cabinets, the wide application of the power cabinet is achieved, meanwhile, the effective heat dissipation mode improves the service life and the operation efficiency of the power cabinet, the overheat phenomenon caused by the inverse connection of the circuit of the draught fan is prevented, and the operation reliability of the power cabinet is guaranteed.

The invention relates to an inter-stage sealing structure device of a double-pulse solid rocket engine, and belongs to the field of solid rocket engines. The device mainly comprises a combustion chamber casing, a metal blocking plate, non-metal plugs, a blocking plate membrane, membrane bolts and an O-shaped sealing ring. The non-metal plugs, the metal blocking plate, the blocking plate membrane and the membrane bolts are reasonably combined and then fixed in a combustion chamber of the solid rocket engine to separate combustion chambers of the solid rocket engine. According to the device, thetwo combustion chambers of the double-chamber dual-thrust solid rocket engine can be separated by use of the inter-stage sealing structure consisting of the metal blocking plate and the non-metal plugs, and the purposes of forward sealing and blocking and reverse circulation of gas flow in the two combustion chambers are achieved by the structural specialty of the plugs. The device is simple in structure, and provides a safe and reliable inter-stage sealing structure to guarantee the good working characteristics of the double-pulse solid rocket engine.

The invention discloses an overturning gutter inlet automatic overflowing and sewage intercepting device, which comprises a box body, wherein a clamping seat is arranged at the upper part of the box body; an automatic overturning balance device is arranged at the bottom of the box body, and comprises a central rotary shaft and a turning plate; the turning plate can freely rotate around the central rotary shaft; a filtering and sewage intercepting tuck net is also arranged at the lower part of the box body. The invention provides the overturning gutter inlet automatic overflowing and sewage intercepting device, so that the double functions of gutter inlet overflowing and sewage intercepting can be realized; after the automatic overturning balance device discharges garbage and run-off rainwater, the balance and seal state can be restored immediately, the functions of deodorization and mosquito and fly prevention are realized, and the device can be automatically overturned according to the run-off volume and the garbage quantity. The overturning gutter inlet automatic overflowing and sewage intercepting device does not need to be operated manually, is simple in structure, and is easy to be installed and decontaminated without changing the structure of the original gutter inlet, so that the manpower resource is saved, and meanwhile, the working cost is reduced.

The invention relates to an installation metal tool and a using method of a tangent suspension tower changing a single hanging point to double hanging points, wherein the installation metal tool comprises a hanging wire plate, an upper clamp plate, and a lower clamp plate, the upper clamp plate is connected with the lower clamp plate through a first fastening piece, the upper clamp plate is connected with the upper portion of the hanging wire plate through a second fastening piece, the lower clamp plate is connected with the middle portion of the hanging wire plate through a third fastening piece, an original tangent suspension tower hanging wire angle iron is clamped among the hanging wire plate, the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, two hanging wire holes are formed in the lower portion of the hanging wire plate. The installation metal tool and the using method of the tangent suspension tower changing the single hanging point to double hanging points have the advantages of being applicable to zone marker (ZM) type and GUZ type tangent suspension tower hanging points, applicable to 90 degrees and below angle irons and hanging wire angle irons with different thickness, being strong in generality, simple in structure, and convenient to install. Moreover, an iron tower pole and tower structure is not changed and the pole and tower structure is not detached; the metal tool is fixed on the original hanging wire angle irons, thereby achieving the double fixing hanging points and satisfying requirement of rules.

The invention provides a high-isolation RF (radio frequency) switch circuit. The circuit comprises a basic single-pole single-throw RF switch unit and a filter unit, wherein at a reference ground point C of the basic single-pole single-throw RF switch unit, a bonding wire parasitic inductor L1b is in series connection with an inductor L3b connected with the ground, a direct current channel is formed, a bonding wire parasitic inductor L2b is in series connection with a capacitor C1b connected with the ground, the inductor L1b is in series connection with an inductor L3b which is in parallel connection with the capacitor C1b connected with the reference ground point C through a bonding wire L2b, and a filter is formed. Thus, under the condition that the direct current channel from an RF switch to the ground is not affected, the bonding wire parasitic inductor L1b is integrated into the filter, the effect caused by bonding wire parasitic parameters on the isolation of the RF switch is reduced, the isolation of the RF switch at different frequencies can be increased in a targeted manner through adjustment of values of the inductor L3b and the capacitor C1b of the filter. The isolation of the high-isolation RF switch can be 5-10 dB higher than that of a traditional RF switch, and meanwhile, electrical characteristics such as insertion loss and the like of the RF switch cannot be affected.

The invention discloses an internal gear rack linkage mechanism of an external gear shaft of a reciprocating piston-type engine, which is characterized in that a new composite internal gear is formed by two completely identical racks and two identical parts derived from the root of an internal gear having the same modulus, the outer gear shaft is an engine output rotating shaft, the modulus of an external gear on the external gear shaft is the same as that of the composite internal gear, the ratio of the number of teeth of the external gear shaft to the number of teeth of the composite internal gear is 1:2 or 1:3, and the external gear shaft circularly rotates inside the composite internal gear in an engagement manner. In order to achieve the purpose of correct engagement at various positions, two sides of the rack of the composite internal gear as well as the outer gear shaft are equipped with a plurality of guide blocks respectively. The composite internal gear is equipped, via the internal gear, with a linkage fit with a piston pin. The internal gear rack linkage mechanism can take the place of crankshaft linkage mechanism and exert higher conversion efficiency in order to reduce energy consumption dramatically. The internal gear rack linkage mechanism can double the rotating speed of the engine output shaft in the case of the same piston motion frequency of engine.

The invention relates to a full-scale preform die of an all-steel radial tyre tread. The preform die has a central symmetry structure and comprises a strake rubber channel at the lower part, and a tread rubber channel at the upper part; the full-scale preform die is characterized in that the strake rubber channel at the lower part penetrates from the left to right, and the height in the middle of the strake rubber channel is less than the heights of the two sides of the strake rubber channel. The height of the middle of the tread rubber channel is 27mm, and the width of the middle of the strake rubber channel is 90mm. A tyre tread obtained by adopting the full-scale preform die is characterized by comprising tread rubber, wherein strake rubber layers are on two sides of one surface in which the tread rubber is connected with a belted layer, and the strake rubber layer on the two sides are connected through a transition strake rubber layer. The transition strake rubber layer is 2mm thick. A thin strake rubber cushioning layer is arranged between the tread rubber and the belted layer, so that the problem that the shoulder separation tread rubber generates excessive heat to cause the separation of the tread rubber and the belted layer can be solved.

The invention discloses a steel rail rail-head type stress sensor used for railway vehicle overload and unbalanced load detection. The sensor comprises two rectangular substrates and two steel rail fixtures, wherein a vertical inner side surface and a vertical outer side surface opposite to each substrate are independently provided with two blind holes; in addition, the blind holes on two side surfaces are coaxially oppositely arranged one by one; a resistance strain gage is independently arranged in each blind hole; a position where two coaxial blind holes of the substrate are positioned is of a shear beam structure; and two end parts of two substrates are fixedly connected through corresponding steel rail fixtures, and during installation, a supporting bolt is independently in supportingconnection between the top ends of the two substrates and the jaw of the steel rail rail head. When a wheel passes through a steel rail zone where the steel rail stress sensor is positioned, the wheel acts on the steel rail rail head, and the steel rail rail head is stressed to generate deformation. The steel rail rail-head type stress sensor collects the change amount of the steel rail stress, then, the stress situation of wheels on the steel rails on two sides is analyzed to obtain a result for showing whether the vehicle is subjected to overloading or unbalance loading or not, detection accuracy is high, and a detection result is accurate.

The invention discloses a novel elevator safety air cushion, which consists of an air cushion (1), a speed sensing device (2), an air generator (3), an embedded car floor (4) and vents (5), and is characterized in that: the air cushion (1) which almost has the same area as the embedded car floor (4) is arranged under the internal floor of the car of the elevator; the speed sensing device (2) is arranged on the car; the air generator (3) is arranged in the air cushion (1); and the two vents (5) are formed on the bottom face and side face of the air cushion (1) respectively. The air cushion has a simply designed structure, is convenient to mount and skillful in concept. With changing the structure of the elevator and affecting the normal operation of the elevator at normal times, the air cushion avoids damaging the elevator equipment during startup.