92results about How to "Reduce thermal energy" patented technology

Coated abrasive articles comprise a backing and an abrasive layer, wherein at the abrasive layer comprises a reaction product of components comprising polyfunctional acrylate, alicyclic polyepoxide, and aromatic polyepoxide having an average epoxy functionality of at least 2.5.

A differential diameter hole drilling method by which through-holes having improved major surface quality are formed in a target material involves drilling a pilot hole having a diameter that is less than the desired diameter of the through-hole and then drilling a through-hole having the desired diameter. The pilot hole forms a channel from which thermal energy produced during laser drilling can diffuse into the environment, thereby reducing the amount of thermal energy diffusing into the surrounding target material matrix and the degree of thermal damage to the heat affected zone of the target material matrix. The pilot hole also forms a channel through which ablated target material may be removed, thereby increasing overall through-hole throughput. Pilot hole formation reduces the thermal energy required to form the remaining portion of the through-hole and thereby results in less thermal damage to the surrounding target material matrix.

One embodiment of an cabinet according to the present invention comprises an inner cabinet having a plurality of inner walls that form an enclosure. A phase change material covers at least some of the plurality of inner walls. An outer cabinet is positioned around the inner cabinet and comprises a plurality of outer walls arranged such that there is a space between the inner and outer walls. A mechanism is included for drawing air from outside of the outer cabinet into the space between the inner and outer walls. The phase-change material is arranged to melt when exposed to heat energy to reduce heat transfer into the enclosure. The enclosure is particularly adapted for holding heat sensitive devices such as batteries with the cabinet controlling heat transfer during cyclic heat exposure.

Nanoelectromechanical systems utilizing nanometer-scale assemblies are provided that convert thermal energy into another form of energy that can be used to perform useful work at a macroscopic level. These systems may be used to, for example, produce useful quantities of electric or mechanical energy, heat or cool an external substance or propel an object in a controllable direction. In particular, the present invention includes nanometer-scale beams that reduce the velocity of working substance molecules that collide with this nanometer-scale beam by converting some of the kinetic energy of a colliding molecule into kinetic energy of the nanometer-scale beam. In embodiments that operate without a working substance, the thermal vibrations of the beam itself create the necessary beam motion. In some embodiments, an automatic switch is added to realize a regulator such that the nanometer-scale beams only deliver voltages that exceed a particular amount. Various devices including, piezoelectric, electromagnetic and electromotive force generators, are used to convert the kinetic energy of the nanometer-scale beam into electromagnetic, electric or thermal energy. Systems in which the output energy of millions of these devices is efficiently summed together are also disclosed as well as systems that include nanometer-scale transistors.

An activated gas injector includes a flow passage defining member partitioned into a gas activation passage and a gas introduction passage by a partition wall; a gas introduction port through which a process gas is introduced into the gas introduction passage; a pair of electrodes to be supplied with electrical power to activate the process gas, wherein the electrodes extend along the partition wall in the gas activation passage; through-holes formed in the partition wall and arranged along a longitudinal direction of the electrodes, wherein the through-holes allow the process gas to flow from the gas introduction passage to the gas activation passage; and gas ejection holes provided in the gas activation passage along the longitudinal direction of the electrodes, wherein the gas ejection holes allow the process gas activated in the gas activation passage to be ejected therefrom.

Energy conversion systems utilizing nanometer scale assemblies are provided that convert the kinetic energy (equivalently, the thermal energy) of working substance molecules into another form of energy that can be used to perform useful work at a macroscopic level. These systems may be used to, for example, produce useful quantities of electric or mechanical energy, heat or cool an external substance or propel an object in a controllable direction. In particular, the present invention includes nanometer scale impact masses that reduce the velocity of working substance molecules that collide with this impact mass by converting some of the kinetic energy of a colliding molecule into kinetic energy of the impact mass. Various devices including, piezoelectric, electromagnetic and electromotive force generators, are used to convert the kinetic energy of the impact mass into electromagnetic, electric or thermal energy. Systems in which the output energy of millions of these devices is efficiently summed together are also disclosed.

A process and process line is provided for recovering heat in the form of cleaned warm water and residual bitumen from oil sand tailings produced during an oil sands extraction process. The process includes removing at least a portion of the coarse solids from the oil sand tailings to produce a reduced solids tailings fraction; separating at least a portion of the bitumen from the reduced solids tailings fraction to produce a bitumen fraction and a warm water and fines fraction; and removing at least a portion of the fines from the warm water and fines fraction to produce cleaned warm water and a concentrated fines fraction. The cleaned warm water can then be reused in the oil sands extraction process.