The invention provides a high-voltage power line wireless temperature acquisition system, comprising a temperature node, a router, terminal equipment and an upper computer; the data of the temperature node is transmitted to the nearby terminal equipment or the router, and the data received by the router is forwarded to the terminal equipment, and the terminal equipment is connected with the upper computer; the terminal equipment receives the setting and a command of the upper computer, and the temperature data is transferred to the upper computer for displaying through a serial interface. In the invention, low power consumption temperature node which is power-supplied by a lithium battery is adopted, and the data is transmitted in a wireless way, the system is easy to install, the operation is safe and stable, anti-jamming capacity is good, and the accuracy and reliability of temperature detecting data are ensured, the power consumption of the temperature node is reduced by more than 3 times compared with the prior art, the service life of the battery is greatly prolonged, real-time on-line is carried out, the response speed is rapid, the volume is small, a great amount of manpower and physical resources are saved.