The invention discloses a cataplasma which is a traditional Chinese medicine used for treating rheumatic pains and a preparation method thereof, pertaining to the technical filed of external-use preparations working as Chinese medicines treating rheumatic pains. The cataplasma is prepared by the means of extracting active ingredients of Chinese medicines and ground substances from one or more raw materials of angelica, rhizoma atractylodis sinensis, radix cynanchi paniculati and corydalis tuber; the raw materials also include one or more than one of chuanxiong rhizome, curcuma longa, frankincense, myrrh, radix achyranthis bidentatae, dactylicapnos scandens, sargentodoxa cuneata, fourstamen stephania root, geranium, tuberculate speranskia herb, nux vomica, menthol, borneol, and camphor. The prepared cataplasma utilizes the comprehensive effects generated by each component, has the efficacy of relieving rheumatism and chills, activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, reducing swelling and alleviating pain and dredging the meridian passage and can effective treat diseases, such as rheumatic pains, rheumatic pains in waist, legs and back, traumatic injury, wrench, contused wound, limb pain, meridian pain, scapulohumeral periarthritis and arthroncus. The studies on zoology and clinical experiments indicate that the medicine has the advantages of strong penetrating power, quick results, short course of treatment, good curative effects, and the like, is convenient and practical and well-received by numerous patients.