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An apparatus and method of growing a thin film onto a substrate comprises placing a substrate in a reaction chamber and subjecting the substrate to surface reactions of a plurality of vapor-phase reactants according to the ALD method. Non-fully closing valves are placed into the reactant feed conduit and backsuction conduit of an ALD system. The non-fully closed valves are operated such that one valve is open and the other valve is closed during the purge or pulse cycle of the ALD process.

A client device establishes a first tunnel connection or tunnel, through a public network, with a first gateway of a private network and establishes, through the tunnel connection, a data connection with a destination device within the private network. The first gateway monitors or analyzes the geographic locations of the gateways associated with the private network relative to geographic location of the destination device associated with the data connection. Based upon such the monitoring, the first gateway transmits information to the client device relating to establishment of a second tunnel connection or tunnel with a second gateway of the private network. The client device establishes the second tunnel connection with the second gateway and establishes a data connection with the destination device through the second gateway. By establishing the second tunnel connection with the second gateway, the client device utilizes the bandwidth of the public network to exchange data with the destination device, thereby decreasing data transmission costs to the private network and decreasing private network latency.

A composite rotary tool includes at least first and second regions comprising first and second materials, respectively. The first and second regions are autogenously bonded and differ with respect to at least one characteristic such as, for example, modulus of elasticity, hardness, wear resistance, fracture toughness, tensile strength, corrosion resistance, coefficient of thermal expansion, or coefficient of thermal conductivity. A method for producing the composite rotary tool includes placing a first metallurgical powder into a first region of a void of a mold, and placing a second metallurgical powder into a second region of the void. The first metallurgical powder differs from the second metallurgical powder, and at least a portion of the first metallurgical is brought into contact with the second metallurgical powder. The mold is compressed to consolidate the first and second metallurgical powders to form a compact, and the compact subsequently is sintered.

A scalable photobioreactor system for efficient production of photosynthetic microorganisms such as microalgae and cyanobacteria is described. In various embodiments, this system may include the use of extended surface area to reduce light intensity and increase photosynthetic efficiency, an external water basin to provide structure and thermal regulation at low cost, flexible plastic or composite panels that are joined together make triangular or other shapes in cross-section when partially submerged in water, use of positive gas buoyancy and pressure to maintain the structural integrity of the photobioreactor chambers and use of structure to optimize distribution of diffuse light. Other embodiments concern air tubes comprised of plastic film at the bottom of each photobioreactor chamber to provide sparging air bubbles to the chamber. The photobioreactor system design also comprises gas exchange, temperature control, air pumping, liquid pumping, filtration, media recycling and harvesting methods. For biofuels production, the photobioreactor system can comprise a separate growth photobioreactor and secondary stress reactor.

In a system and method for analyzing and treating a body lumen, a lumen-expanding balloon catheter with integrated one or more delivery waveguides and one or more collection waveguides is used to perform optical analysis of the tissues surrounding the lumen during expansion. The catheter can comprise an angioplasty catheter with integrated delivery waveguides and collection waveguides to perform spectroscopy of a stenotic plaque during angioplasty.

A customer originated and directed dispatching system to provide direct coordination of requested service to service providers without the need for intermediary dispatching assistance. A database stores records each documenting needed services and customer and service provider profiles. Processing circuitry (which may be one or several networked computers) performs a dispatching process which reviews these records, locates records indicating a need for immediate service, locates the customer, identifies potential service responders, carries out an auction for the requested service and collects a list of potential service provides with their bids and profiles. The processing circuitry also performs a monitoring process which monitors service provider's activities by reviewing the records, and automatically obtained service provider's activity information, and records customer and service provider performance ratings to the database. Communications circuitry enables direct communication between the service provider and the customer as well as updates of the service provider's activity and review customer and service provider performance records.

A combined range and tag finder for determining distances to objects in an environment is described. Such a combined range and tag finder includes a system for determining distances to objects on a golf course and for finding golf balls for use with a system for finding golf balls. In the case of one exemplary integrated device, the device has at least two receivers, one to receive an RFID signal from the golf ball, another to receive a signal for positioning of the device location. At least one processor is coupled to both the receivers and can determine at least a direction and / or distance of the device from an object on the golf course. Other embodiments of a combined range and tag finder are also described.

A liquid droplet ejecting head includes: one or more nozzle holes ejecting liquid droplets; one or more pressure liquid chambers communicating with the nozzle holes and containing liquid to be ejected; a common liquid chamber communicating with the pressure liquid chambers; one or more diaphragms each forming a wall face of the corresponding pressure liquid chamber; one or more vibration chambers containing air gaps provided in contact with the diaphragms on the opposite side from the pressure liquid chambers; and one or more electrodes provided to oppose the diaphragms through the air gaps. The liquid droplet ejecting head further includes: a deformable plate whose deformation is greater than the total deformation of the diaphragms, the deformable plate forming a wall face of the common liquid chamber, and a pressure correcting chamber provided across the deformable plate from the common liquid chamber so as to communicate with the vibration chambers.

An enrollment kiosk for collecting personal data includes a slidable main module and at least one modifiable section removably coupled to the main module. The main module includes a processor and one or more biometric sensing devices coupled to the processor. The one or more biometric sensing devices include a right fingerprint sensor coupled to the processor and a left fingerprint sensor coupled to the processor. The right fingerprint sensor is positioned a predetermined distance apart from the left fingerprint sensor. The at least one modifiable section includes at least one first input device coupled to the processor. The kiosk also includes a scene camera configured to record a video of an area surrounding the enrollment kiosk and to transmit the video to a remote operator being located remotely from the enrollment kiosk

A modular UPS system is provided wherein UPS systems may be constructed using a number of different frame components. In one example, a core UPS frame is provided that can accept different combinations of power and battery modules, and an extension frame is provided that can be combined with the core frame to provide a larger UPS system. According to one example, both the core and extension frame types may be used in either a standalone or rack-mounted configuration. Another aspect relates to packaging of UPS components such that the UPS frame need not include serviceable items. In another aspect, a rail system is provided that allows for easier installation of heavy components into rack-mount systems.

Failure investigation in a SAN providing virtual volumes requires a high degree of knowledge from the SAN administrator, who also evaluates the relative severities of failure events from different devices. The SAN manager obtains information from the management agents in the devices. Using this information, the SAN manager manages the association between the server and the virtual volumes and the real volumes. The SAN manager receives failure messages from multiple devices and uses the association and a failure analysis dictionary table to determine the contents of the failure messages and associations between failure messages. Failures that are causal failure are displayed. The SAN manager is equipped with a conversion table for converting failure messages issued from different storage devices to a common severity. When a failure message is received, a notification is sent to a high-level program and to an administrator based on the common severity defined in the conversion table.

Provided is a lens module for imaging an object on an image plane. In the order from the object side to the image side of the lens module, the lens module includes a first lens made of glass and having positive refraction power, a second lens made of plastic and having negative refraction power, a aperture stopper, a third lens having positive refraction power, and a fourth lens having negative refraction power. The lens module satisfies the following formula: Vd1−Vd2≧35; wherein, Vd1 is the Abbe number of the first lens in d light and Vd2 is the Abbe number of the second lens in the d light.

A method of forming an article from an alpha-beta titanium including, in weight percentages, from about 2.9 to about 5.0 aluminum, from about 2.0 to about 3.0 vanadium, from about 0.4 to about 2.0 iron, from about 0.2 to about 0.3 oxygen, from about 0.005 to about 0.3 carbon, from about 0.001 to about 0.02 nitrogen, and less than about 0.5 of other elements. The method comprises cold working the alpha-beta titanium alloy.

The invention relates to security feature for identification documents, and in particular to A security feature, comprising a first covert layer comprising a first covert material that is not visible to a human eye under except under a first condition, the first covert layer further comprising a material constructed and arranged to produce, upon an attempted intrusion into any part of the security feature, a first effect that is visible at least under the first condition; an optically variable layer having first and second sides, the first side being disposed adjacent the first covert layer, the optically varying layer being constructed and arranged to cover at least a portion of the first covert layer; and a second covert layer disposed adjacent to the second side of the optically variable layer, the second covert layer being constructed and arranged to cover at least a portion of the optically variable layer, the second covert layer comprising a second covert material that is visible to the human eye only at a second condition.

A solar cell having backside contacts is economically fabricated through use of acceptor and donor polymers which are inkjet printed in interleaved patterns on the back surface as the carrier accepting electrodes of the solar cell. The polymers can be placed on a tunnel oxide on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, or the polymers can be in direct contact with the semiconductor substrate. Electrical patterns interconnecting the acceptor and donor polymer patterns can also be formed by inkjet printing a seed layer and then electroplating the seed layer. Advantageously, high temperature processing is not required in the process as is required in conventional solar cell fabrication using dopant implants into the semiconductor substrate. In alternative embodiments, doped contacts are diffused in the top surface and a polymer contact is formed over the back surface.

An RFID tag which is provided with a coil-shaped antenna such that a conductor is placed on the periphery of a magnetic core, the RFID comprising: the magnetic core, an FPC wound on the periphery of the magnetic core, two or more linear conductor patterns formed in parallel with one another on the FPC, an IC that is connected to the linear conductor patterns and disposed on the FPC, a crossover pattern that electrically connects one end and the other end of outermost linear conductor patterns among the linear conductor patterns formed in parallel with one another, where in the two or more linear conductor patterns, adjacent linear conductor patterns in a joint portion in the wound FPC are electrically connected in respective start edges and end edges.

A security system includes a proxy site that interconnects a protected site and one or more responder sites using a computer network. The protected site operates an event data collector coupled to sensors that when activated, produce event data. The event data collector can initiate connections with an event processor in the proxy site to transmit the event data to the proxy site for access by one or more of the responder sites. The event processor can receive and store the event data and can provide notifications to the responder sites of the stored event data. The responder sites can periodically poll the proxy site and can receive responses that reference available event data associated with those responder sites. The system allows responder sites share references to event data, and allows the event processor to use event rules to notify different responder sites in different manners according to different event types.

A robot apparatus has a rotatable arm member. A stationary pulley is arranged in the center of the arm member, while a pair of rotatable pulleys are arranged at the respective ends of the arm member. A pair of fingers, used for conveying a work, are attached to the respective rotatable pulleys. A driving force transmission member is engaged with the stationary pulley and the rotatable pulleys. When the arm member is rotated, the driving force transmitting means rotates the rotatable pulleys in accordance with the outer diameter ratio of the stationary pulley to the rotatable pulleys.

A flat-panel field emission display comprises a luminescent faceplate, a rigid backplate, and an interposed or sandwiched emitter or cathode plate. A positioning spacer or connector ridge is formed on the rear surface of the faceplate to space the cathode plate a fixed distance behind the faceplate. A peripheral seal is formed between the faceplate and the backplate. The faceplate, backplate, and peripheral seal define an evacuated internal space which contains the cathode plate. The backplate is spaced behind the cathode plate to create a rearward vacuum space in which a getter is located.

An identification document includes a lens system and a specially prepared photo of a document bearer. The lens system and the specially prepared photo cooperate to create a three dimensional photo effect. The document includes two or more document layers. There is a lens structure in one of the document layers, and it includes lens elements. A photo is printed on one or more of the document layers. The photo depicts the document bearer, and includes two or more separate images of the bearer from different perspectives. Parts of the separate images are interleaved together into sets, and the sets are positioned relative to corresponding lens elements of the lens structure. These sets include parts of the separate images such that when viewed through the lens structure, the parts are viewed simultaneously making the subject appear three-dimensional to a viewer.

The invention provides an identification document comprising a substantially opaque polycarbonate core layer bearing at least one indicium thereon, two layers of substantially transparent polycarbonate fixed to the core layer on opposed sides thereof, and at least one image-receiving layer capable of being imaged by dye diffusion thermal transfer, the image-receiving layer being fixed to one of the layers of substantially transparent polycarbonate on the side thereof remote from the core layer.

A solar cell having backside contacts is economically fabricated through use of acceptor and donor polymers which are inkjet printed in interleaved patterns on the back surface as the carrier accepting electrodes of the solar cell. The polymers can be placed on a tunnel oxide on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, or the polymers can be in direct contact with the semiconductor substrate. Electrical patterns interconnecting the acceptor and donor polymer patterns can also be formed by inkjet printing a seed layer and then electroplating the seed layer. Advantageously, high temperature processing is not required in the process as is required in conventional solar cell fabrication using dopant implants into the semiconductor substrate. In alternative embodiments, doped contacts are diffused in the top surface and a polymer contact is formed over the back surface.

A display apparatus comprises a display unit capable of continuing a display even after the power is shut off, a short range communication unit for receiving display data provided externally and a display control unit for the received data, while an information display apparatus comprises a storage unit for storing display data and a communication unit for transmitting the display data over to the display apparatus, and further the information display apparatus comprises a mechanical quick release mechanism for mounting the display apparatus onto the own apparatus for example, in order to configure a system, which is capable of detachable attachment, between the display apparatus having no power supply and the information display apparatus, such as a wireless terminal, which sends display data and power to the display apparatus.

A method and apparatus of X.509 certificate-based mutual authentication and key distribution for a Downloadable Conditional Access System (DCAS) in a digital cable broadcasting network is provided for composing a software-based secure DCAS in various Conditional Access Systems (CASs) based on an embodiment form of Conditional Access (CA) application for CA of digital cable broadcasting.

An Internet based pictorial game allows participants to both contribute and decode pictorial content. The participants' performance, as well as that of artists and their artwork, can be tabulated and presented for community entertainment. Supplemental features can be added according to a desired rule set. Speech recognition can be used in some applications of the invention as well. Advertising can be integrated into game play as part of the picture decoding process.

Display is effected by applying a DC voltage to electrodes 4 and 5 to change distribution states of migration particles 3a and 3b and by applying an AC voltage to electrodes 4 and 5 to move the migration particles 3a and 3b in a strong electric field created in a closed container depending on a relationship of different relative dielectric constants between the migration particles 3a and 3b and a dispersion medium 2. A plurality of display states is switchable without increasing the number of electrodes.

Magnetic component assemblies including moldable magnetic materials including surface mount termination features, as well as manufacturing methods therefor, are disclosed that are advantageously utilized in providing surface mount magnetic components such as inductors and transformers.

A volumetric pump (1) comprising a piston (2) and a cylindrical chamber (3), contains an inlet port (10) and an outlet port (11). The piston (2) is actuated by a rotor (5) bearing an eccentric shaft (6). The shaft (6), being connected to the piston (2), causes the piston to slide back and forth inside the cylinder chamber (3) while having a bidirectional angular movement. The instroke of the piston (2) sucks a fluid (15) from the inlet port (10) through a first channel (12) into the pump chamber (3), the fluid being propelled through a second channel (13) to the outlet port (11) during the outstroke of the piston (2). The inlet (10) and outlet port (11) are opened and closed alternatively by the bidirectional angular movement of the piston (2) which acts as a valve for the inlet and outlet ports (10, 11).

Provided is a random number generator including: a clock generator outputting first and second control signals; a ring oscillator (RO) block receiving a meta stable voltage and performing an oscillation operation using the meta stable voltage in response to the first control signal; and a sampling unit sampling an output signal according to the oscillation operation in response to the second control signal.