The invention relates to a method for electrodepositing gallium at low temperature by using an ionic liquid, which comprises the following steps: heating an ionic liquid used as an electrolyte to a colorless transparent state, dissolving gallium chloride in the ionic liquid, and electrodepositing the gallium chloride in the solution, wherein gallium is generated at the cathode of the electrolytic bath, and chlorine gas is emitted at the anode. In the electrodeposition process, the bath voltage of the electrolytic bath is higher than the decomposition voltage of gallium chloride, and lower than that of the electrochemical window of the ionic liquid. The invention has the advantages of low operating temperature, low energy consumption and low apparatus corrosiveness, can greatly lower the production cost, and is environment-friendly.