The invention discloses a rotary type automatic goods storing and taking device and method. The device comprises a system closing, supporting and assisting unit, a mechanical arm, a rotary type goods storing and taking device, a control unit, an identity recognition unit and the like. The space utilization rate of the device is greatly increased, the goods secrecy is improved, modulation assembling and controlling are achieved, and the device is convenient to transport, easy to operate and convenient to maintain; goods can be stored, taken and conveyed through the mechanical arm, the repeated labor sum is reduced, and the storing and taking efficiency is improved. A goods storing mode, a goods taking mode, a fault mode and an initialization mode are involved in the rotary type automatic goods storing and taking method and correspond to the four operation modes or states of goods storing, goods taking, faults and initialization, automation of goods storing, taking and conveying is achieved, human factors are eliminated basically, man-made interference is reduced greatly, the goods storing and taking positions are calculated intelligently, authentication is needed in the storing and taking process, and the accuracy of goods storing and taking is ensured.