The invention provides a method for measuring an atmospheric refraction value at a large zenith distance. The method comprises the following steps: S0, providing a telescope, an image acquisition terminal, a processor and a corner reflector, and measuring the actual included angle L0 between the two reflectors, wherein the corner reflector is provided with two reflectors to enable the telescope has first and second fields of view; S1, observing two different zenith areas positioned at the small and large zenith distances by virtue of the first and second fields of view, and extracting star images acquired by the image acquisition terminal; S2, distinguishing which zenith area the observation star image in each star image comes from, and acquiring the corresponding celestial coordinates of each observation star image; S3, marking the zenith as Z, and solving horizontal coordinates (A0, h0) and (A1, h1) corresponding to the actual field-of-view centers sigma0 and sigma1 in the first and second fields of view according to the corresponding celestial coordinates of each observation star image; and S4, acquiring the atmospheric refraction value at the actual field-of-view center sigma1 in the second field of view according to Z, A0, A1 and L0. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the influence of place parameters, instrument parameters and other system errors is avoided, the accumulative measurement error is eliminated, and the measurement accuracy is improved.