The invention discloses a short-circuit protection circuit and method of a solid state electronic switch of a direct current micro-grid. The short-circuit protection circuit comprises an RC buffer branch circuit and an RD follow current branch circuit. The RC buffer branch circuit is connected to the solid state electronic switch in parallel, one end of a buffer capacitor Cs of the RC buffer branch circuit is connected with one end of a resistor Rs in series, the other end of the buffer capacitor Cs is connected to a collector of V1, and the other end of the resistor Rs is connected to an emitter of the V1. The RD follow current branch circuit is sequentially connected with a diode D1, a resistor R1, a diode D2 and a resistor R2 in series, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to a positive busbar, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to a negative busbar, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the signal ground. By means of the short-circuit protection circuit and method of the solid state electronic switch of the direct current micro-grid, larger peak voltage at the two ends of the solid-circuit electronic switch occurring when the solid-circuit electronic switch is on or off can be prevented, impact of the short-circuit current on the solid state electronic switch is reduced, the faults of the monopole-to-ground short-circuit and the interelectrode short-circuit on the circuit can be cut off effectively, other power electronic devices on the circuit can be protected from being damaged, and the safety and reliability of the direct current micro-grid are improved.