7863 results about "Digital conversion" patented technology

A method for continuously determining the required dynamic range for an analog-to-digital converter by determining the received signal strength and using this received signal strength value in combination with the overall dynamic range for the ADC and the target resolution of the ADC to decode a radio channel in the absence of interference, wherein the target resolution is also related to the type of decoding to be performed subsequent to analog-to-digital conversion. The method allows for a reduction in power consumption associated with the ADC, especially when the incoming signal is received with few interfering radio channels and with a relatively high signal strength. The present method can be combined with gain control and analog alert detection.

The invention relates to a safety monitoring early warning and safety management system of oil and gas extraction and gathering operations as well as a method thereof, belonging to the technique field of safety production monitoring and supervision, and the system is composed of a monitoring center arranged at an oil and gas extraction safety monitoring and management department and a plurality of on-site monitoring terminals disposed at all oil and gas extraction operation areas. The method comprises: collecting and transmitting safety-related parameter signals, video signals and audio signals in real time; implementing the analog-digital conversion or signal conversion and compression coding to the signals; then transmitting the signals to all hosts of the monitoring center; processing and analyzing the received three types of signal information by all the hosts and then carrying out the parameter monitoring, video monitoring and audio communication respectively; and outputting the processed three types of information to the spot for being controlled correspondingly. The invention can realize the risk assessment, dynamic intelligent monitoring, safety state analysis, accident early warning and alarming, safety guarantee control and safety management of the whole process of operations ranging from oil and gas extraction, heating, separation processing, storage to transportation for oil and gas production enterprises.

Disclosed herein is a solid-state imaging element including a pixel unit configured to include a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix and a pixel signal readout unit configured to include an analog-digital conversion unit that carries out analog-digital conversion of a pixel signal read out from the pixel unit. Each one of the pixels in the pixel unit includes a plurality of divided pixels arising from division into regions different from each other in optical sensitivity or a charge accumulation amount. The pixel signal readout unit reads out divided-pixel signals of the divided pixels in the pixel. The analog-digital conversion unit carries out analog-digital conversion of the divided-pixel signals that are read out and adds the divided-pixel signals to each other to obtain a pixel signal of one pixel.

The invention discloses a gesture recognition device based on arm muscle current signal detection and a motion sensor, and the gesture recognition device serving as a machine instruction input device can be used for any electronic system needing man-machine interaction. The device comprises a hand ring or an arm ring, wherein according to the shape, the hand ring or the arm ring can be worn on the wrist or the front arm, biological currents generated in the motion process of the arm muscles are extracted through one or more muscle skin current sensors tightly attached to the skin, the currents pass through an amplifier circuit, a filter circuit and an analog-digital conversion circuit, and characteristic parameters of gestures are extracted through real-time digital signal algorithm processing, and therefore the gestures are recognized. The recognized gestures are mapped to be all kinds of control instructions allowed to be configured, and the instructions are transmitted to a controlled mainframe in a wireless or wired mode through Bluetooth or others. The gestures are judged through the arm muscle currents and the motion sensor, and a bran-new man-machine interaction instruction input mode is achieved.

A biopotential measurement system incorporates a revolutionary approach to the acquisition of signals such as Electroencephalograms (EEG), Electrocardiograms (ECG), and Electromyograms (EMG) by incorporating active, digital electrodes that amplify and digitally convert biopotential signals at the source, thereby eliminating noise and signal degradation issues. This is to date the most integrated and advanced electrode designed for any biopotential measurement eliminating the poor Signal-to-Noise (SNR) problems seen in biopotential recordings.

The present invention relates to a respiratory gas consumption monitoring method and monitoring device that is portable and has high measurement accuracy, for enabling the analysis and prediction of the respiratory behavior of subjects employing a variety of different types of breathing apparatuses in water, etc. Respiratory gas consumption monitoring device (20), for monitoring the respiratory gas consumption of the user of a breathing apparatus (1) in which a respiratory gas (G) inside a high pressure gas container (2) is reduced in pressure at pressure regulator (4) and supplied to a breathing mask (10), is provided with:a primary pressure sensor (21) for detecting the pressure prior to pressure reduction at pressure regulator (4);a temperature sensor (22) for correction;an environmental pressure sensor (23) for detecting the environmental pressure;an amplifier (24) for amplifying the signals from the aforementioned sensors;an A / D converter (25) for performing analog / digital conversion of the amplified signal;a data logger (26) for recording and storing the analog / digital converted signals; anda display (27) for display.In addition, as needed, a computer (X) for calculating, analyzing, and predicting data may be housed in housing (28), and connected to breathing apparatus (1) by connecting primary pressure sensor (21) to a high pressure opening (8) of pressure regulator (4) using a high pressure hose (29).

The invention discloses a transmitter and a transmitter signal processing method. The transmitter comprises a pre-distortion processing unit, a digital-analog conversion unit, a radio frequency unit, a power amplifier, a coupler, a feedback radio frequency unit, an analog-digital conversion unit, an adaptive tracking algorithm unit, a lookup table storage unit and a lookup table control unit; the lookup table control unit is used for detecting input digital baseband signals, and sending an update signal to the pre-distortion processing unit when a predestinated frame of input digital baseband signals ends; the pre-distortion processing unit takes a digital pre-distortion parameter out of the lookup table storage unit according to the update signal, and carries out pre-distortion on the input digital baseband signal according to the taken out digital pre-distortion parameter. The transmitter and the transmitter signal processing method ensure that signals output by the pre-distortion processing unit can not generate jumps, thus improving the pre-distortion effect of the input digital baseband signal, namely stability and reliability.

A FM-CW radar system comprises a frequency modulated continuous wave digital generator that produces both in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) outputs to orthogonally oriented transmitter antennas. A linearly polarized beam is output from a switched antenna array that allows a variety of I-and-Q pairs of bowtie antennas to be alternately connected to the transmitter and receiver. The receiver inputs I-and-Q signals from another bowtie antenna in the array and mixes these with samples from the transmitter. Such synchronous detection produces I-and-Q beat frequency products that are sampled by dual analog-to-digital converters (ADC's). The digital samples receive four kinds of compensation, including frequency-and-phase, wiring delay, and fast Fourier transform (FFT). The compensated samples are then digitally converted by an FFT-unit into time-domain signals. Such can then be processed conventionally for range information to the target that has returned the FM-CW echo signal.

In a double data rate (DDR) counter and counting method used in, for example, an analog-to-digital conversion in, for example, a CMOS image sensor and method, a first stage of the counter generates a least significant bit (LSB) of the value in the counter. The counter includes at least one second stage for generating another bit of the value in the counter. An input clock signal is applied to a data input of the first stage and a clock input of the second stage.

The invention discloses a pipe leakage detecting system, comprising a controller and a pipe leak detector, wherein, the controller processes and store data in the pipe leak detector through a wireless technology; the pipe leak detector also comprises a sensor, an amplifier, an analog-digital conversion module, a main processor, a GPS clock synchronization control module, a wireless communication module and a power supply module, wherein, the sensor is arranged on a pipe to be detected; the amplifier is connected with the sensor; the analog-digital conversion module is connected with the amplifier; the main processor is connected with the analog-digital conversion module; the GPS clock synchronization control module is connected with the main processor; the wireless communication module is connected with the main processor; and the power supply module is connected with the main processor. In the invention, sensors are arranged on the outer wall of the pipe at intervals and receive sound waves produced by leakage points on the pipe under the condition that GPS time service error is less than 200nS, thereby realizing high sensitive detection of the pipe leakage and high precise positioning of leakage sources. In addition, the pipe leakage detecting system is characterized by low cost, small volume, light weight, being portable and convenient operation.

A FM-CW radar system comprises a frequency modulated continuous wave digital generator that produces both in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) outputs to orthogonally oriented transmitter antennas. A linearly polarized beam is output from a switched antenna array that allows a variety of I-and-Q pairs of bowtie antennas to be alternately connected to the transmitter and receiver. The receiver inputs I-and-Q signals from another bowtie antenna in the array and mixes these with samples from the transmitter. Such synchronous detection produces I-and-Q beat frequency products that are sampled by dual analog-to-digital converters (ADC's). The digital samples receive four kinds of compensation, including frequency-and-phase, wiring delay, and fast Fourier transform (FFT). The compensated samples are then digitally converted by an FFT-unit into time-domain signals. Such can then be processed conventionally for range information to the target that has returned the FM-CW echo signal.

There is provided a filter circuit for producing a noise reduction signal for reducing a noise signal collected by a microphone, including: a digital section including an analog / digital conversion section configured to convert the noise signal into a digital noise signal, a digital filter section configured to produce a digital noise reduction signal based on the digital noise signal, and a digital / analog conversion section configured to convert the digital noise reduction signal into an analog noise reduction signal; an analog path connected in parallel to said digital section and configured to output the noise signal as it is or after processed by an analog filter; and a synthesis section configured to synthesize the analog noise reduction signal outputted from said digital / analog conversion section of said digital section and the analog signal outputted from said analog path to produce a noise reduction signal to be used for noise reduction.

New human bio-sensors in a virtual reality headset can be worn comfortably for extended periods of time, detecting brain, nerve, ocular, muscle or other bio-signals. Recording raw data, amplification, digital conversion, filtering, support subsequent manipulation by iteratively creating multiple interpretation maps. Data processing and transmission are reduced so that control of a remote device may occur in real time, based on an event in the body of a wearer. A signal interpretation engine iteratively creates numerous interpretation maps, the best correlated one being used exclusively, thus minimizing false positives and requiring minimal data to distinguish an event from any other non-presence of that event. After training and verification, operation in real time processes live, continuous data to control a remote device based on the events detected by the sensor set in a headset, arm bands, leg bands, gloves, or boots.

The present invention provides methods and systems for accessing a network URL through a pre-assigned simplified network address, correlating to the URL, and for displaying the home page having the URL as its address. These methods and systems provide easier URL and home page access because persons wanting to access the home page need only input the simplified network address, thereby avoiding the need to know and input the URL character string. The simplified network addresses of the present invention include numbers. Methods are provided for selecting numbers for assignment to URLs. The URL and home page access and display methods of the present invention include: assigning a simplified network address such as a number to a URL, storing the URL and number conversion in a network accessible storage system, inputting the assigned number in a network accessible computer, communicating the inputted number to the storage system, converting the number to the URL, retrieving the home page corresponding to the URL and displaying the home page on the computer. Additionally, the invention provides methods for use in message passing operating systems wherein system level messages to specific objects are intercepted, creating an alias message. The invention further defines networked systems and methods for operating the networked systems that rely on the interception and rule-based modification of messages passing between system applications.

It is made possible that, in accordance with a plurality of radiographing modes such as the still image radiographing mode and the moving image radiographing mode, the outputs both in the irradiation period and in the non-irradiation period are made to fall within the dynamic range of the radiographing system, whereby an accurate, high-S / N-ratio X-ray radiographic image is obtained. For that purpose, in accordance with the plurality of radiographing modes, an arithmetic operation unit adjusts a power source to control voltage to be applied to a reading circuit unit or an Analogue-Digital conversion unit, such that, in each of the radiographing modes, both an electric signal in the X-ray irradiation period and an electric signal in the X-ray non-irradiation period fall within the dynamic ranges of the reading circuit unit and the Analogue-Digital conversion unit.

The invention discloses a microwave three-dimensional imaging method based on a rotary antenna array, and relates to a microwave imaging technology. The method comprises the following steps of: generating an electromagnetic signal by a signal transmitting module; driving an antenna array module which is distributed in a straight line form or a curved line form to rate by a mechanical scanning module, meanwhile, controlling the antenna array module by a switch array module to transmit an electromagnetic signal at the same time, and receiving a signal which is reflected back from an observation target by a back wave receiving module; converting a reflecting signal into a digital signal by an analogue-digital conversion module; and using the digital signal as back wave data acquired by an array element position of the corresponding antenna array; imaging the back wave data by a data processing module to acquire a three-dimensional complex image of the observation target; and displaying the three-dimensional complex image of the observation target by a display module. The imaging method disclosed by the invention is used for application fields of human body surface microwave image acquisition and safe detection, three-dimensional data acquisition of a human body and action based on actual circumstances, nondestructive testing, radar target imaging diagnosis and the like.

A physical quantity distribution detecting apparatus includes a sensor array in which a plurality of unit sensors for sensing physical quantity are two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix; and an analog-to-digital conversion unit that includes a plurality of comparators for comparing an analog signal read from the unit sensor with a reference signal, the analog-to-digital conversion unit converting a digital signal by measuring a period of time or measuring a signal corresponding to the period of time of each comparison output of the plurality of comparators. Each of the plurality of comparators includes at least one capacitor element connected between a signal line and a constant-voltage line.

The present invention is related to methods and apparatus that advantageously permit the more efficient use of an input range of an analog-to-digital converter used by an adaptive predistortion linearized RF transmitter. A main signal component of a down-converted output of an RF transmitter is removed prior to the analog-to-digital conversion of the down-converted output, thereby allowing more of the input range of the analog-to-digital converter to capture an error signal component of the down-converted output. Embodiments of the present invention can thus adaptively tune the predistortion stage to a higher degree of linearity or can use lower cost analog-to-digital converters with fewer quantization steps for the same performance.

The invention discloses a sleep period separating method and system. The method is applied to a sleep period separating system. The system comprises a first measuring electrode, a second measuring electrode, a first reference electrode, a second reference electrode, an amplification collector and a period separating device. The first measuring electrode is used for being placed on the left side of the forehead or the temporal hair-free region on the left side of a testee, the second measuring electrode is used for being placed on the right side of the forehead or the temporal hair-free region on the right side of the testee, the first reference electrode is used for being placed on the periphery of the left ear of the testee, and the second reference electrode is used for being placed on the periphery of the right ear of the testee. The method comprises the steps that the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode are utilized for collecting electroencephalogram signals and electro-oculogram signals of the testee, the signal amplification collector is used for amplifying the electroencephalogram signals and the electro-oculogram signals and carrying out analog-digital conversion on the amplified signals. The period separating device determines the separated sleep periods according to the analog-digital converted electroencephalogram signals and electro-oculogram signals.

An RF tuner tunes received transmission signal to an OFDM signal of a desired wave and converts the same into intermediate frequencies. After digital conversion in an ADC, an OFDM demodulation unit obtains a demodulated-wave symbol signal of the orthogonal frequency signal. A transmission channel distortion estimating unit extracts pilot signals and estimates distortion of a transmission channel. A decision unit compares the distortion of the transmission channel estimated and a reference value stored in a memory, and outputs the result of comparison to the control unit, thereby switching antennas selectively. Thus, the receiver always selects an optimum receiving condition in a manner adaptive to variations in the state of reception of the transmission signal and the characteristics of the receiver such as the modulation method of the transmission signal received.

The invention discloses a multi-band frequency spectrum aggregating wireless transmitter-receiver device which is characterized in that multi-band simulating radio frequency front ends are aggregated; different radio frequencies are divided into 20 MHz and 60 MHz processing frequency bands; analog-to-digital conversion while receiving a base-band signal and digital-to-analogue conversion while sending are performed in low and intermediate frequencies; and a signal treatment relative to a base-band NC-OFDM modulation-demodulation is performed by a sending base-band processing channel and a receiving base-band processing channel which are dynamically arranged. The invention solves the problem that the prior mobile communication terminal cannot work in multi-band at the same time during the communication process and only can use continuous frequency spectrums. The frequency spectrum aggregating function of the transmitter-receiver device realizes a data rate required by an IMT-Advanced system.

The invention discloses an integrative electric energy quality monitoring terminal, comprising a hardware part, a monitoring sensor circuit and a software judging part, wherein the monitoring sensor circuit is used for sending detection signals to an A / D analog-digital conversion module by the design of the hardware part; the A / D analog-digital conversion module is used for sending processed information to a processor; the processor is used for feeding back the information to a display module and receiving a command from a control module; the processor is also provided with a real-time clock module and externally provided with a communication interface, and the information processing standard can be directly set by a switching value input / output module which is directly connected with a central processor.

A number of photoelectric conversion elements are disposed in a plurality of rows and columns in a pixel shift layout, and an analog / digital conversion unit is provided per two photoelectric conversion element columns to form a MOS type solid-state image pickup device. It is possible to suppress an increase in the manufacture cost of MOS type solid state image pickup devices with built-in A / D conversion units and improve the integration degree of photoelectric conversion elements.

Systems and methods for analog to digital conversion that may be implemented using a digital to analog converter (DAC) to provide negative feedback to at least Partially cancel one or more signals (e.g., one or more interfering signals present with one or more desired signals, one or more strong desired signals etc.) at the analog input of an analog to digital converter (ADC), and that may be used to extend the effective dynamic range of an ADC. The effective dynamic range of an ADC may be extended by detecting and isolating signals and using digital adaptive digital filtering along with a digital to analog converter (DAC) to provide negative feedback to cancel the signal / s at the input of the ADC.

A speaker array, includes a plurality of speakers which are linearly arranged at a predetermined interval; and one-dimensional digital filters which are provided to correspond to the speakers respectively, in which predetermined filter coefficients are set previously, and which apply a filtering process to input sound data in response to the filter coefficients to output. Sound data derived by applying a digital conversion to input sound signals are supplied to respective one-dimensional digital filters. Sound signals derived by applying an analog conversion to the sound data output from respective one-dimensional digital filters are supplied to corresponding speakers to output a sound in response to the sound signals. The filter coefficients set in respective one-dimensional digital filters give an amplitude characteristic to a two-dimensional digital filter such that, when a frequency characteristic of the two-dimensional digital filter constructed by respective one-dimensional digital filters is represented by a two-dimensional frequency plane, a plurality of ripples are provided in a stop band in a section in a spatial frequency direction and also an amplitude of ripples in a non-physical area out of a plurality of ripples is larger than an amplitude of ripples in a physical area.

A method for transmitting orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals including coding the OFDM signals; forming a block of N coded data and dividing the block into L M-sized small blocks; M-point inverse fast Fourier transforming the L small blocks; combining the transformed blocks to generate an N-sized inversely-transformed block; attaching a cyclic prefix to the N-sized block; and transforming the blocks into an analog signal; and transmitting the analog signal. A method of receiving OFDM signals including digitally converting received OFDM signals and obtaining a samples from the transformed signals; detecting the starting point of an N-sized signal sample block from the samples; dividing the signal sample block into L M-sized small blocks M-point fast Fourier transforming the L small blocks; combining the transformed small blocks to generate an N-sized transform block; detecting data from the generated block, and decoding the detected data. N, M and L are integers of 1 or more and L=N / M.

The invention discloses a method and a device for full balance control of a power battery of an electric automobile. In the method, an analog-digital conversion module of a microcontroller is used for acquiring single body voltage parameters of the power battery and sequencing the single body voltage parameters of the power battery; the microcontroller is connected with a battery management system to acquire dump energy information and battery balancing threshold of the current battery management system; and the method for the full balance control of the power battery of the electric automobile is implemented by the microcontroller according to the actual condition of the dump energy, or selecting an active balancing mode of starting an active balance control circuit and using an on-vehicle battery to charge the lowest battery single body, or selecting a passive balancing mode of starting a passive balance control circuit and using a balancing resistor to discharge the highest batterysingle body, or selecting a mixed balancing mode of using the two modes at the same time. By using the method and the device, a reasonable balancing strategy is established according to the dump energy of the battery, so that the problem of inconsistency of charge and discharge of the power battery is effectively solved and unnecessary electric energy consumption in balancing is effectively reduced.

The invention discloses an assembly line successive approximation type analog-digital converter self-calibration method and device. The assembly line successive approximation type analog-digital converter self-calibration device comprises a first-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter, a second-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter, an operational amplifier and a digital calibration control logical circuit, wherein the first-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter is used for completing data collection and analog-digital conversion on input signals, a pseudo random quantity with a known digital quantity is exerted on the first-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter, the operational amplifier is used for amplifying remnant signals output by the first-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter and transmitting the remnant signals to the second-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter to conduct analog-digital conversion, and the digital calibration control logical circuit is used for conducting circulation calibration according to output and the pseudo random quantity of the first-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter and the second-stage successive approximation type analog-digital converter to control gains of the operational amplifier, and obtaining data output. By means of the mode, the gains of the operational amplifier can be adjusted in real time, influences of factors such as the temperature and the supply voltage on the gains can be calibrated, and the effective accuracy of an ADC is accordingly improved.

A method for continuously determining the required dynamic range for an analog-to-digital converter by determining the received signal strength and using this received signal strength value in combination with the overall dynamic range for the ADC and the target resolution of the ADC to decode a radio channel in the absence of interference, wherein the target resolution is also related to the type of decoding to be performed subsequent to analog-to-digital conversion. The method allows for a reduction in power consumption associated with the ADC, especially when the incoming signal is received with few interfering radio channels and with a relatively high signal strength. The present method can be combined with gain control and analog alert detection.