The invention aims to provide a traditional Chinese medicine for treating and / or preventing gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by critical diseases. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared from the following raw materials: radix codonopsis, fried largehead atractylodes rhizome, poria cocos, honey-fried licorice root, Chinese yam, white hyacinth bean, coix seed, villous amomum fruit, balloonflower root, pomegranate rind, myrobalan, and red halloysite. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared according to the theories of tonifying qi, invigorating the spleen, upbearing the clear, and downbearing the turbid, has an integral conditioning effect by simultaneously eliminating and supplementing; can promote the peristalsis and propulsion of gastrointestinal smooth muscle, improves the blood circulation of the intestinal walls, reduces the capillary permeability of the gastrointestinal tracts, relieves the tissue edema, promotes the discharge of dead tissues, inhibits the intestinal bacterium translocation and toxin absorption in the intestines, eliminates the free radicals, and antagonizes the system inflammation reaction. The traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by critical diseases has a good effect, can control the incidence rate of gastrointestinal dysfunction below 19.05%, does not have any side or toxic effect during the clinical process, and is reliable and safe.