The invention relates to a scientific earthworm breeding method, which mainly comprises the following steps of 1, sealing the peripheries of breeding ponds with concrete structures to prevent earthworms from escaping, and forming water outlets, wherein the distance between every two adjacent ponds is 40 centimeters, and passages are 1 to 2 meters; 2, mixing and fermenting 40 percent of soil and 60 percent of organic auxiliary materials such as pig and cow manure and various straws to prepare a culture medium; 3, regulating breeding temperature and humidity conditions, wherein the temperature is 10 to 30 DEG C, the relative humidity is 60 to 70 percent, and the PH value is 6 to 8; 4, feeding larva, wherein the larva feeding density is 3,000 to 5,000 every square meter; 5, performing daily management, observing every day, adding a mixed organic material once every 20 days, and enlarging the breeding area in multiples every 40 days; 6, performing harvesting, wherein an illumination harvesting method is adopted. According to the scientific earthworm breeding method, scientific management such as fermentation of the culture medium and control over proper temperature, humidity, PH value, larva feeding density and the like is adopted, so that high earthworm breeding yield and short breeding cycle are ensured.