877results about How to "Reduce problem size" patented technology

Desalination methods that include carbonate compound precipitation are provided. In certain embodiments, feed water is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions prior to desalination. In certain embodiments, desalination waste brine is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. In yet other embodiments, both feed water and waste brine are subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. Aspects of embodiments of the invention include carbone dioxide sequestration. Embodiments of the invention further employ a precipitate product of the carbonate compound precipitation conditions as a building material, e.g., a cement. Also provided are systems configured for use in methods of the invention.

A petroleum well having a well casing, a production tubing, a source of time-varying current, a downhole chemical injection device, and a downhole induction choke. The casing extends within a wellbore of the well. The tubing extends within the casing. The current source is located at the surface. The current source is electrically connected to, and adapted to output a time-varying current into, the tubing and/or the casing, which act as electrical conductors for providing downhole power and/or communications. The injection device having a communications and control module, a chemical container, and an electrically controllable chemical injector. The communications and control module is electrically connected to the tubing and/or the casing. The chemical injector is electrically connected to the communications and control module, and is in fluid communication with the chemical container. The downhole induction choke is located about a portion of the tubing and/or the casing. The chemical injector is electrically connected to the communications and control module, and is in fluid communication with the chemical container. The downhole induction choke is located about a portion of the tubing and/or the casing. The induction choke is adapted to route part of the electrical current through the communications and control module by creating a voltage potential between one side of the induction choke and another side of the induction choke. The communications and control module is electrically connected across the voltage potential. Also, a method is provided for controllably injecting a chemical into the well downhole, which may be used to: improve lift efficiency with a foaming agent, prevent deposition of solids with a paraffin solvent, improve a flow characteristic of the flow stream with a surfactant, prevent corrosion with a corrosion inhibitor, and/or prevent scaling with scale preventers.

The present invention relates to an organic light emitting diode display device capable of sensing driving current of each pixel with a simple configuration to compensate for a luminance deviation between pixels and a pixel current sensing method thereof. The organic light emitting diode display device includes a display panel including 2N (N being a natural number) pixels that share a reference line though which a reference signal is supplied and are respectively connected to 2N data lines through which data signals are applied, and a data driver for driving the 2N pixels sharing the reference line in a time division manner through the data lines, sensing currents of the time-division-driven 2N pixels as voltages through the shared reference line and outputting the sensed currents, in a sensing mode.

A method, system and apparatus for real-time reservoir model updating using ensemble Kalman filters is described. The method includes a conforming step for bring bringing static and dynamic state variables into conformance with one another during a time step of the updating. Also, an iterative damping method is used in conjunction with the conformance step to account for nonGaussian and nonlinear features in a system. Also, a re-sampling method is described which reduces the ensemble size of reservoir models which are to be updated.

The invention provides an operating method of a redox flow battery capable of grasping a charging state of the battery more reliably to stabilize an output capacity of the battery. The method is for operating the redox flow battery comprising a cell stack 1 comprising a plurality of cells. A selected cell(s) in the cell stack 1, to and from which positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte are supplied and discharged and which is/are not normally connected to a DC/AC converter 225, is/are in the form of an auxiliary cell 2 used for measuring a charging rate of the electrolyte. Also, a stop of charge of a main cell 3 and a stop of discharge of the main cell 3 are controlled with reference to a circuit voltage obtained from the auxiliary cell 2. Since the auxiliary cell 2 is integrally incorporated in the cell stack 1, the charging state of the battery can be grasped reliably without stopping the charge/discharge operation of the main cell 3. Also, since the stop of charge of the main cell 3 and the stop of discharge of the same are controlled with reference to the measured circuit voltage, the output capacity can be stabilized.

A wastewater treatment system comprising separation unit operations inhibits or promotes the formation and precipitation of species by controlling the pH of wastewater to be treated entering into the separation unit operations. The separation unit operations include first and second reverse osmosis devices. The first reverse osmosis device treats wastewater having pH that is less than about 3.5 and the second reverse osmosis device treats wastewater, from the first reverse osmosis device, having a pH that is about 6 or higher.

A driving apparatus of a plasma display panel which is capable of reducing the scale of the driver itself while limiting power consumed by the plasma display panel. The value of power consumed during a non-light emitting period in one field (frame) period is added to an average luminance level of an input video signal to derive average power consumption, and the power consumed by the plasma display panel is controlled on the basis of the average power consumption.

A method and apparatus for performing motion estimation in a digital video system is disclosed. Specifically, the present invention discloses a system that quickly calculates estimated motion vectors in a very efficient manner. In one embodiment, a first multiplicand is determined by multiplying a first display time difference between a first video picture and a second video picture by a power of two scale value. This step scales up a numerator for a ratio. Next, the system determines a scaled ratio by dividing that scaled numerator by a second first display time difference between said second video picture and a third video picture. The scaled ratio is then stored calculating motion vector estimations. By storing the scaled ratio, all the estimated motion vectors can be calculated quickly with good precision since the scaled ratio saves significant bits and reducing the scale is performed by simple shifts.

One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique for generating a batch clip state stored in clip state machine (CSM) associated with a batch of vertices. Per-vertex clip state is generated for each vertex in the batch of vertices based on the position of each vertex relative to each clip plane. For a given vertex, per-vertex clip state indicates whether the vertex is inside or outside each of the one or more clip planes. The per-vertex clip states of all the vertices in the batch of vertices are coalesced into a batch clip state by determining whether each vertex in the batch of vertices is inside every clip plane, each vertex is outside at least one clip plane or neither. The batch clip state is stored in the CSM associated with the thread group that processes the batch of vertices that can be accessed by further stages of the graphics pipeline.

A microfluidic embedded nanoelectromechanical system (NEMs) force sensor provides an electrical readout. The force sensor contains a deformable member that is integrated with a strain sensor. The strain sensor converts a deformation of the deformable member into an electrical signal. A microfluidic channel encapsulates the force sensor, controls a fluidic environment around the force sensor, and improves the read out. In addition, a microfluidic embedded vacuum insulated biocalorimeter is provided. A calorimeter chamber contains a parylene membrane. Both sides of the chamber are under vacuum during measurement of a sample. A microfluidic cannel (built from parylene) is used to deliver a sample to the chamber. A thermopile, used as a thermometer is located between two layers of parylene.

A method for making structural automotive components and the like provides a strip of high strength steel having a selected thickness. A predetermined thickness of a metal coating, such as nickel, is applied to the opposite faces of the steel strip. The coated steel strip is cut to form a blank. The blank is heated in a generally open atmosphere to a temperature in the range of 800° C. to 1000° C. within less than ten minutes, thereby diffusing at least a portion of the metal coating a predetermined distance into the faces of the steel strip portion of the blank to alleviate scale formation, and simultaneously raise the temperature of the blank for hot forming the same. The heated blank is hot formed in a pressing tool, and cooled therein to heat treat the formed component through microstructure phase change, without substantial scale formation, such that the component need not be descaled prior to post-form processing and/or assembly in a vehicle.

A receiving apparatus in an OFDM transmission system includes a channel estimation unit (101) for measuring a delay profile of a delayed wave having a delay greater than a guard interval of data; a guard-interval-exceed delayed wave detector (103) for detecting, from the delay profile as an intersymbol interference (ISI) portion, a delay-time portion greater than the guard interval of the data; a ISI replica generator (104) for generating, as the ISI replica, a time-waveform portion of a known symbol conforming to the ISI portion, or a time-waveform portion of the preceding symbol; subtractor (102) for subtracting the ISI replica from a receive signal; and an FFT arithmetic unit (106) for demodulating data by applying FFT processing to the result of subtraction.

A method and apparatus for performing motion estimation in a digital video system is disclosed. Specifically, the present invention discloses a system that quickly calculates estimated motion vectors in a very efficient manner. In one embodiment, a first multiplicand is determined by multiplying a first display time difference between a first video picture and a second video picture by a power of two scale value. This step scales up a numerator for a ratio. Next, the system determines a scaled ratio by dividing that scaled numerator by a second first display time difference between said second video picture and a third video picture. The scaled ratio is then stored calculating motion vector estimations. By storing the scaled ratio, all the estimated motion vectors can be calculated quickly with good precision since the scaled ratio saves significant bits and reducing the scale is performed by simple shifts.