The invention provides a manufacturing method of a ceramic thermal insulation wall material, and relates to the field of construction materials. The manufacturing method comprises following steps: mixing ceramic polishing slag, bentonite, glass fibers, limestone, and expanded perlite, grinding the mixture into powder, drying, adding fly ash, water, sodium terephthalate, and carboxymethyl cellulosesodium into dry powder, evenly stirring, filling the mixture into a mould, pressing, moulding to obtain a blank; wrapping a plastic film on the surface of the blank, placing the blank in an ultrasonic wave generator, carrying out an ultrasonic treatment, drying the blank in a drying box until the weight is constant; heating and sintering the dried blank in an electric furnace, taking out the blank, and curing the blank for 10 to 20 d to obtain the ceramic thermal insulation wall material. The technology is simple, the wastes are converted into valuable resources, and the manufactured ceramicthermal insulation wall material has the advantages of high strength, low density, and good thermal insulation and soundproof effect.