The invention provides a mode-preserving optical fiber polarized light seismic gyroscope based on quantum weak measurement, including: a light emitting diode, a Gaussian filter, a half mirror, a first polarization controller, a polarization beam splitter, and SOLEIL-BABINET compensation detector, second autocollimation lens, first autocollimation lens, polarization maintaining fiber ring, second polarization controller, first spectrometer, second spectrometer, AD acquisition module, FPGA data processing module, DA conversion module and LED display Screen display and USB storage module; after being collected by the AD acquisition module, it is transmitted to the FPGA data processing module, and then the processed spectrum is compared with the original spectrum, and the movement of the center wavelength is calculated, and then the movement of the center wavelength and the seismic gyro The relationship between the rotational angular velocity of the instrument and the purpose of detecting the polarized light of the high-precision mode-maintaining fiber through weak measurement. The beneficial effect of the invention is that the spectrum measurement based on the frequency domain has higher signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity.