1262results about How to "Made precisely" patented technology

A metrology apparatus is arranged to illuminate a plurality of targets with an off-axis illumination mode. Images of the targets are obtained using only one first order diffracted beam. Where the target is a composite grating, overlay measurements can be obtained from the intensities of the images of the different gratings. Overlay measurements can be corrected for errors caused by variations in the position of the gratings in an image field.

Reactive sensors typically exhibit nonlinear response to the combination of an excitational signal (e.g., sinusoidally oscillating signal) and a physical parameter under measure (e.g., position of magnetic core member). Such sensors are typically sensitive to temperature variation. Systems and methods are disclosed for compensating for the nonlinear and / or temperature dependant behavior of reactive sensors and for calibrating the post-compensation output signals relative to known samples of the physical parameter under measure (e.g., position). One class of embodiments comprises a housing containing at least part of a reactive sensor, a monolithic integrated circuit and a timing reference (e.g., an oscillator crystal). The integrated circuit includes a waveform generator for generating a sensor exciting signal, a detector for detecting the response of the sensor to the combination of the exciting signal and the under-measure physical parameter, a temperature compensating unit and a Pade' Approximant based, nonlinearity compensating unit. The temperature compensating unit and the Pade' Approximant nonlinearity compensating unit are tuned by use of digitally programmed coefficients. The coefficients calibrate the final output as well as compensating for nonlinearity and temperature sensitivity. A highly accurate measurement of the under-measure physical parameter is made possible even though each of the sensor and compensating circuitry may be relatively simple, compact, and low in cost.

A capsule type medical device is of a type of a capsule type medical device that is introduced inside the living body to gather in-vivo information, and comprises a capsule shaped casing; an in-vivo information acquisition device for acquiring the in-vivo information; a communication device for sending the in-vivo information acquired by the in-vivo information acquisition device to outside of the living body by wireless; at least one pair of first electrodes provided in a vicinity of one end along an axis of the casing for giving electric stimulation to body tissue in the living body; a first current control device for sending current to the first electrodes; and an interelectrode distance variation device for changing a distance between the electrodes.

A circular-polarization dipole helical antenna is used for electronic device and satellite terminal and includes a base, and an antenna conductor arranged on surface of the base. The antenna conductor includes a plurality of metal conductors with high Q value and anti-oxidation property and continuously and helically coated on surface of the base. The base is made of low loss and high dielectric constant material. An unbalance-to-balance circuit module connects two signal-feeding ends to the base with phase difference of 180 degree. The problems of narrow bandwidth, low efficiency, complicated structure and precise manufacture can be solved.

To perform execution scheduling of function blocks so as to control the total required power of the function blocks within a supplyable power budget value, and thereby realize stable operations at low power consumption. Function block identifiers are allotted to all the function blocks, and to a RAM area that a power consumption control device can read and write, a list to store identifiers and task priority, power mode value showing power states, and power mode time showing the holding time of power states can be linked. A single or plural link lists for controlling the schedules of tasks operating on the function blocks, a link list for controlling the function block in execution currently in high power mode, a link list for controlling the function block in stop currently in stop mode, and a link list for controlling the function block in execution currently in low power mode are allotted, and thereby the power source and the operation clock are controlled by the power consumption control device.

A femoral head prosthesis assembly and operation instruments thereof. The operation instruments include a hollow femoral neck holder with a configuration adapted to the surface configuration of the femoral neck and a shaper blade for cutting a replacement end of the femur into a predetermined configuration. A guide tube is disposed on a top face of the femoral neck holder. A transverse slot is formed on the femoral neck holder for indicating a femoral head cutting line. The femoral head prosthesis assembly includes a cap body and an artificial femoral head. A root section of the cap body has an inner surface in conformity to the surface of the femoral neck. A top section of the cap body has a cross section adapted to that of the replacement end. The cap body can be precisely securely bonded with the replacement end of the femur.

An absolute pressure sensor includes a sense die with a reference chamber on a top side thereof. The reference chamber comprises a precisely fabricated beam that limits the travel of a diaphragm. The beam can be positioned in a cap or cover member of the sense die, thereby allowing the sense die diaphragm to move freely for a particular distance. Over this distance, the sense die will have one sensitivity. When the sense die is pressurized to a certain point, the diaphragm moves until it contacts the beam member in the cap or cover. When the diaphragm hits the beam, the sensitivity of the sense die changes, thereby allowing a smaller voltage out for the greater pressure in. Such an arrangement permits the sensor to provide a function that accurately measures low pressure and measures a higher pressure without utilizing a linear scale.

A system for controlling operation of a computer. The system includes, a sensing apparatus configured to obtain positional data of a sensed object controllable by a first user, such positional data varying in response to movement of the sensed object, and engine software operatively coupled with the sensing apparatus and configured to produce control commands based on the positional data, the control commands being operable to control, in a multi-user software application executable on the computer, presentation of a virtual representation of the sensed object in a virtual environment shared by the first user and a second user, the virtual representation of the sensed object being perceivable by the second user in a rendered scene of the virtual environment, where the engine software is configured so that the movement of the sensed object produces control commands which cause corresponding scaled movement of the virtual representation of the sensed object in the rendered scene that is perceivable by the second user.

The present invention provides an adaptive, intelligent transform based Analog to Information Converter (AIC) for wideband signals by directly converting an analog signal to information (e.g., features, decisions). This direct conversion is achieved by (i) capturing most of the information of a wideband signal via hardware / software implemented mathematical transformations, (ii) effectively removing unwanted signals such as jammer and interfere from the input signal, and (iii) using novel algorithms for highly accurate decision making and feature extraction (e.g., high probability of detection with low probability of false alarm). The jump in the improvement over today's state-of-the-art is in terms of effective and optimum signal information extraction at high-speed.

The present invention relates to methods and apparatus to improve human ophthalmic surgery patient wellness and surgical procedural outcome of both indicated cataract surgery and elective surgeries with the implantation of permanent standard intraocular lens (IOL) and new technology intraocular lens (NTIOL). The present invention further relates to measurement of refraction intra-operatively to validate or obviate the pre-operative calculations and thus selection of the IOL or NTIOL and allow for a correction to be made intra-operatively before the permanent IOL or NTIOL is implanted. Specifically, several embodiments of the invention pertain to a disposable, temporary Proxy Lens apparatus that are used for in situ refractive measurements, an Insertion Tool apparatus to manipulate the Proxy Lens within the optical path for the refractive measurement and a Refractometer apparatus to perform the refractive measurements.

The present invention is directed to a method of fabricating a successive set of patterns representing incremental stages of an orthodontic treatment plan, and then sending all or a portion of the successive patterns at the same time to the dentist. The dentist is provided with a vacuum machine for thermoforming a set of aligners as negative impressions of the positive teeth patterns. A polymeric sheet is inserted into a vacuum forming machine and sucked down over the positive pattern, forming a polymeric shell with cavities shaped to receive the teeth and resiliently bias or reposition at least some of the teeth into alignment with the aligner cavities. When the aligner is formed and while still on the stereolithographic plastic pattern, excess portions of the aligner polymeric material are trimmed using manual tools and / or a laser cutting machine.

A base station transmits, in addition to a pilot channel, signals which are multiplexed with pilot symbols inserted in the respective signals in communication channels. As the transmission of the pilot channel as a reference signal for coherent detection is unnecessary with high power so as to attain high reliability, the pilot channel can be transmitted with low power by means of weight in comparison with the communication channel, so that interference with the communication channel of any other station is reduced. Moreover, accurate coherent detection can be made from the pilot symbol inserted in the communication channel on the mobile station side.

A sound analysis apparatus employs tone models which are associated with various fundamental frequencies and each of which simulates a harmonic structure of a performance sound generated by a musical instrument, then defines a weighted mixture of the tone models to simulate frequency components of the performance sound, further sequentially updates and optimizes weight values of the respective tone models so that a frequency distribution of the weighted mixture of the tone models corresponds to a distribution of the frequency components of the performance sound, and estimates the fundamental frequency of the performance sound based on the optimized weight values.

An electronic component includes a wiring board having a wiring pattern, a surface mount device mounted on an upper surface of the wiring board, and a cap arranged to cover the wiring board. The cap includes a top portion made of a flat ceramic member, and a leg portion made of a columnar member having a height similar to a height of the surface mount devices.

The present invention provides heat exchanging elements for use in Stirling engines. According to the present invention, the heat exchanging elements are made from muliple platelets that are stacked and joined together. The use of platelets to make heat exchanging elements permits Stirling engines to run more effiecient because the heat transfer and combustion processes are improved. In one embodiment, multi-stage combustion can be introduced with platlets, along with the flexibility to use different types of fuels. In another embodiment, a single component constructed from platelets can provide the heat transfer rquirements betweeen the combustion gas / working gas, working gas in the regenerator and the working gas / coolant fluid of a Stirling engine. In another embodiment, the platelet heat exchanging element can recieve solar energy to heat the Stirling engine's working gas. Also, this invention provides a heat exchanging method that allows for multiple fluids to flow in opposing or same direction.

A method of finding the position of a mechanical axis running in the longitudinal direction through a limb that is rotatably supported by its first end in a center of rotation that is not fixed and is not accessible for the mechanical determination of coordinates, by means of an optical coordinate-measurement device with an indicator to detect measurement-point coordinates in one rotational position of the limb such that, for each rotational position, a multi-point indicator rigidly attached near the second end of the limb signals several measurement-point coordinates, and, from the sets of measurement-point coordinates detected in a plurality of rotational positions, at least one group is selected that can be assigned to the same site of the center of rotation, and the measurement-point-coordinate sets assigned to this site of the center of rotation are used to calculate the mechanical axis.

The player gives a change in the input through a touch operation to a character pattern P2 displayed on a second display screen 12a covered by a touch panel. The character pattern P2 is associated with a player character P1 displayed on a first display screen 11a, and is displayed on a larger scale than the player character P1. The player character P1 is moved according to the change in the input. Thus, the present invention provides a video game played on a dual-screen video game device with a novel operation in which the player can accurately specify an intended position.

A hot plate for heating a substrate placed on the hot plate. The hot plate comprises a silicon base having pin insertion holes through which support pins for supporting a substrate from below and elevating the substrate above the hot plate pass; a heater composed of a resistor made of a metal film deposited on the back surface of the silicon base; and a temperature sensor, composed of a resistor made of a metal film deposited on the back or front surface of the silicon base. The front surface of the silicon base has gap-making protrusions for making a gap between the hot plate and a substrate placed on the gap-making protrusions.

A method for operation of a vibratory measurement instrument comprises flowing a fluid through at least one measurement tube; causing the measuring tube to oscillate mechanically using an oscillation production unit; detecting an oscillation behavior of the tube using at least one oscillation sensor; determining at least one of a mass flow, a viscosity, and a density in a narrowband frequency range based on the oscillation behavior; evaluating at least one of the mass flow, the viscosity, and the density using signal processing of an electronics unit; and evaluating the oscillation behavior at least at times in a broadband frequency range using the electronics unit.

A method and system for modifying metadata of one or more media files via a drag and drop operation. A media library stores one or more media files. A graphical user interface displays the one or more media files in the media library via a display. The graphical user interface allows a user to select one or more media files from the media files being displayed. The user interface allows a user to drag and drop the one or more selected media files onto a property node that defines a property the user would like to incorporate into the metadata of one or more selected media files. Dropping the one or more selected media files onto the property node modifies the metadata of the media file to correspond to the property defined by the property onto which the one or more selected media files were dropped.

Closer spacing of elements for writing multiple tracks onto a magnetic media increases the areal density of stored information. A thin film multiple track recording head includes recording gaps in a plane parallel with the head substrate. This configuration allows for flexible placement of the elements within the head, improved control of recording gap geometry, and alternating azimuth gap angles.

Reactive sensors typically exhibit nonlinear response to temperature variation. Systems and methods are disclosed for compensating for the nonlinear and / or temperature dependent behavior of reactive sensors and for calibrating the post-compensation output signals relative to known samples of the physical parameter under measure. One call of embodiments includes a housing containing at least part of a reactive sensor, a monolithic integrated circuit and a timing reference. The integrated circuit includes a waveform generator for generating a sensor exciting signal, a detector for detecting the response of the sensor to the combination of the exciting signal and the under-measure physical parameter, a temperature compensating unit and the Pade Approximant nonlinearity compensating unit are tuned by use of digitally programmed coefficients. The coefficients calibrate the final output as well as compensating for nonlinearity and temperature sensitivity.

A stacked material free from a degraded quality of crystal, formed with a precise periodicity, and fabricated without relying on the vapor phase growth method is provided. An optical function device using the stacked material is also provided. A starting stacked material composed of two alternate layers (A), (B) having different refractive indexes is stacked over two periods or more by a substrate bonding method to provide a multi-periodic stacked structure.

A programmable dicing saw is operable with movement of its spindle and work surface for aligning a dicing blade juxtaposed between flanges on the spindle and dicing a substrate along a predetermined blade path. By locating the center of the substrate, an efficient movement of the blade relative to the substrate center rather than the work surface center saves time. Locating the center of the blade includes aligning opposing substrate edges and edge location data entry into a processor for calculation of the substrate center and control based on the substrate center. In addition, prior to cutting along the edges of the substrate, the dicing blade is first aligned for travel parallel to and proximate the edge of the substrate, and an alignment offset is provided to the programmable dicing saw for laterally moving the blade toward the center of the substrate prior to making a cut and avoiding damage to the blade and substrate that typically results when the blade slides along the substrate edge rather than cutting into the substrate. In addition, by knowing the substrate center location, an arcuate cut can be accurately made into the substrate by making multiple straight cuts with a rotation of the substrate about its center between each cut. A flange clearance is monitored by measuring the blade exposure after a preselected number of cuts during the substrate dicing, and a minimum flange clearance permitted before blade movement toward the substrate is automatically stopped.

A data structure and methods for generating and using the data structure which contains cleaning attribute flags for each field of a database record which has been modified by a data cleaning operation. The flags may are used to determine if a pattern, cluster or trend identified during data mining of the cleaned data is likely to have been influenced by the data cleaning process, especially to a degree which leads to identification of false trends, patterns, or clusters.

Etch solutions for selectively etching doped oxide materials in the presence of silicon nitride, titanium nitride, and silicon materials, and methods utilizing the etch solutions, for example, in the construction of container capacitor constructions are provided. The etch solutions are formulated as a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and an organic acid having a dielectric constant less than water, optionally with an inorganic acid, and a pH of 1 or less.