The invention belongs to the technical field of brake pad materials, and in particular relates to a synthetic brake shoe for high-power locomotive pressed at room temperature and a preparation method thereof. The synthetic brake shoe friction body is synthesized from materials with the following volume ratio: high vinyl butadiene rubber 25 ~30, steel fiber 7~10, aramid pulp 5~7.9, mineral fiber 5~9, sepiolite fiber 3~6, zinc oxide 0.4~2, zinc stearate 0.1~0.3, rubber vulcanizing agent TMTD0. 5~3, industrial ethanol 3~8, phenolic resin 12~16, white cast iron 0.5~2.5, potassium feldspar powder 2~5, alumina polishing powder 0.2~0.8, floating beads 2~7.3, light calcium carbonate 2~ 4. Barium sulfate 2-5, granular graphite 1-3, friction modifier 1.5-5, calcium hydroxide 1-3. It is made by batching, banburying, crushing, pressing at room temperature and heat treatment. The synthetic brake shoe can be used in high-power locomotives with a maximum operating speed of 120km / h and an axle load of no more than 25t. It has stable friction performance and excellent wear resistance, and has little wear on wheels and low braking noise.