The invention discloses a water purification method based on an ecological net cage, using a double-layer net cage as a carrier, stocking filter-feeding fish in the upper box, fixing submerged plants in the lower box, putting the net cage into the water area, and carrying out Water purification. The method of the present invention is based on the comprehensive utilization of the net cage and the water environment ecosystem, without providing additional energy, and the net cage module can be continuously operated only by solar energy and bioenergy in the water environment, and there is no secondary pollution problem. This method can alleviate the algal bloom problem caused by eutrophication of the water body, can effectively reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, requires only a small amount of manual intervention, has the advantages of simple operation and low cost, and is suitable for the ecological environment of lakes, rivers, and reservoirs. governance and improvement.