The invention relates to an experimental method and a device for an iron ore pellet roasting process, belonging to the field of iron manufacture production. In order to research the iron ore pellet roasting process in terms of heat transfer, mass transfer, a roasting process mechanism, and the like, the invention discloses the experimental method and the device, wherein the device comprises a gastank, a draft blower, a combustion chamber, a roasting chamber, a smoke exhaust hood, an electronic balance, a PLC system, an industrial computer, a roasting cup, an electromagnetic disconnecting valve, an electrically operated valve, a manual control valve, a pressure gauge, a flow meter, a thermometer, a gas pipeline, an air pipeline, a combustion chamber high-temperature thermocouple, a roasting chamber high-temperature thermocouple, an annular pressure meter, a burner nozzle subassembly, a secondary air annular nozzle, a smoke gas collection hole, a smoke exhaust pipeline, an exhaust blower, a suspension fork, and the like. The device generates smoke gas with different flow speeds, different temperatures and different gases to roast a pellet material layer in a flow-through way, measures and collects relative data, especially the inner temperature distribution of the pellet material layer, and provides important experiment evidence for the theoretical research and the actual production of the pellet roasting mechanism.