468results about "Organic halogenation" patented technology

Oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffins to olefins provides a lower energy route to produce olefins. Oxidative dehydrogenation processes may be integrated with a number of processes in a chemical plant such as polymerization processes, manufacture of glycols, and carboxylic acids and esters. Additionally, oxidative dehydrogenation processes can be integrated with the back end separation process of a conventional steam cracker to increase capacity at reduced cost.

The present invention provides a compound capable of binding to the ubiquinone binding site of DHODH which contains a non-aromatic ring system as a core structure, a group capable of interacting with structural elements of subsite 2 or 3 of the ubiquinone binding site of DHODH and a group capable of interacting hydrophobically with structural elements of subsite 1 of the ubiquinone binding site of DHODH. Furthermore, the present invention provides a compound capable of binding to the ubiquinone binding site of DHODH which contains an aromatic ring system as a core structure, a group capable of interacting with residues His 56 and / or Tyr 356 of subsite 3 of the ubiquinone binding site of DHODH and a group capable of interacting hydrophobically with structural elements of subsite 1 of the ubiquinone binding site of DHODH.

The present invention provides a process for regiospecific chlorination of an aromatic or aliphatic compound with a chlorine source comprising a metal chloride and other than Cl2 and SO2Cl2 in presence of hypervalent iodine catalyst and in acidic medium.

Thiol-containing peptides can be radiolabeled with fluorine-18 (F-18) by reacting a peptide comprising a free thiol group with an F-18-bound labelling reagent which also has a group that is reactive with thiols. The resulting F-18-labeled peptides may be targeted to a tissue of interest using bispecific antibodies or bispecific antibody fragments having one arm specific for the F-18-labeled peptide or a low molecular weight hapten conjugated to the F-18-labeled peptide, and another arm specific to the targeted tissue. The targeted tissue is subsequently visualized by clinical positron emission tomography.

Novel substituted phenylsulfur trifluorides that act as fluorinating agents are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for their preparation and methods for their use in introducing one or more fluorine atoms into target substrate compounds.

One aspect of the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond-forming methods. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-sulfur bond between the sulfur atom of a thiol moiety and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to copper(II)-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between the nitrogen atom of an amide and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-carbon bond between the carbon atom of cyanide ion and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a copper-catalyzed method of transforming an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl chloride or bromide into the corresponding aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide. Yet another embodient of the present invention relates to a tandem method, which may be practiced in a single reaction vessel, wherein the first step of the method involves the copper-catalyzed formation of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide from the corresponding aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl chloride or bromide; and the second step of the method involves the copper-catalyzed formation of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl nitrile, amide or sulfide from the aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide formed in the first step.

A process for preparing a fluoride from its corresponding alcohol comprises the steps of (a) forming a mixture comprising (i) at least one fluorinated, saturated aliphatic or alicyclic sulfonyl fluoride (for example, perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride) and (ii) at least one primary or secondary alcohol; and (b) adding a molar excess of at least one strong, aprotic, non-nucleophilic, hindered, double bond-containing, organic base (for example, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)) to the mixture.

A method of fluorinating a halogenated organic substance comprising the steps of: introducing a germanium fluoride compound to a halogenated organic substance at a temperature between 250 and 320° C. to increase the fluorine content of the halogenated organic substance, thereby forming a fluorinated organic substance and a halogenated germanium compound, and separating the fluorinated organic substance and the halogenated germanium compound.

A method of fluorination comprising reacting monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, composite saccharides formed by bonding of these saccharides with proteins and lipids and saccharides having polyalcohols, aldehydes, ketones and acids of the polyalcohols, and derivatives and condensates of these compounds with a fluorinating agent represented by general formula (I) thermally or under irradiation with microwave or an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength around the microwave region. In accordance with the method, the fluorination at a selected position can be conducted safely at a temperature in the range of 150 to 200° C. where the reaction is difficult in accordance with conventional methods. The above method comprising the irradiation with microwave or an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength around the microwave region can be applied to substrates other than saccharides. When a complex compound comprising HF and a base is reacted under irradiation with microwave, fluorination at a specific position which is difficult in accordance with conventional methods proceeds highly selectively, efficiently in a short time and safely.

The invention discloses a method for preparing alpha-monobrominated ketone and alpha, alpha-dibrominated ketone compounds by selectively brominating ketone compounds. The method comprises the steps of by taking ketone compounds as reactants, taking bromated and metal bromides in the presence of bromic acid or inorganic acid as brominating reagents and taking alcohol as a solvent, selectively brominating the ketone compounds into corresponding alpha-monobrominated ketone. The reaction has effects of high brominating selectivity, gentle reaction condition, high reaction velocity and high yield; the selected brominating reagents are cheap, easily available and low in toxicity; moreover, the method is high in bromine rate which is close to requirements of green chemistry, and therefore, the method is easy for industrial production and has good application prospect.

A reactor for fluorinating an organic compound comprising (a) an outer vessel; (b) a reactor vessel being disposed within said outer vessel to define an annular space, said reactor vessel at least partially comprising a fluoropolymer, said annular space being adapted to receive a fluid; (c) at least one pathway for introducing said heating fluid into said annular space; (d) at least one pathway for inputing reaction materials into said reactor vessel; and (e) at least one pathway for ouputing a product stream from said reactor vessel.

It was found that a fluoro derivative can be produced by reacting a hydroxy derivative with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of an organic base or in the presence of an organic base and “a salt or complex comprising an organic base and hydrogen fluoride”. According to the present production process, it is not necessary to use perfluoroalkanesulfonyl fluoride, which is not preferable in industrial use, and it is possible to advantageously produce optically-active fluoro derivatives, which are important intermediates of medicines, agricultural chemicals and optical materials, specifically 4-fluoroproline derivatives, 2′-deoxy-2′-fluorouridine derivatives, optically-active α-fluorocarboxylate derivatives, and the like, even in a large scale.

Anhydrous organic fluoride salts and reagents prepared by a method comprising the nucleophilic substitution of a fluorinated aromatic or fluorinated unsaturated organic compound with a salt having the formula: [QnM]x+Ax−in an inert polar, aprotic solvent; wherein M is an atom capable of supporting a formal positive charge, the n groups Q are independently varied organic moieties, n is an integer such that the [QnM] carries at least one formal positive charge, x is an integer defining the number of formal positive charge(s), +, carried by the [QnM], A− is an anionic nucleophile capable of substituting for F in the fluorinated compound and F represents fluorine or a radioisotope thereof.

The present invention is directed to provide a means, which enables production of a product superior in color tone in high yield by using an easy-to-handle and highly safe technique, in a method for producing an aromatic iodide. The present invention relates to a method for producing an aromatic iodide, characterized in that an aromatic compound and an active iodinating agent are fed into a flow reactor equipped with a high-speed mixer and hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring of said aromatic compound is continuously substituted by iodine atom.

A method for obtaining a halogenated organic compound, whereby an organotrifluoroborate compound is reacted with a halide ion in the presence of an oxidizing agent to produce the corresponding halogenated organic compound. The method may be used for producing radiohalogenated organic compounds.

The invention relates to a decarboxylation and fluorination method for carboxylic acid. According to the method, fatty acid RCOOH, monovalent silver salt catalyst and fluorinated reagent Selectfluor or hexafluorophosphate derivative thereof are reacted in a solvent at the temperature of between room temperature and 80 DEG C to obtain RF; and by adopting the method, the carboxylic acid is efficiently converted into corresponding decarboxylated and fluorinated product in an aqueous phase. The method is mild in reaction conditions and easy to operate, has good chemical selectivity and functional group compatibility, and is a very practical sp<3> carbon-fluorine bond synthesizing method.

A method of fluorination comprising reacting monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, composite saccharides formed by bonding of these saccharides with proteins and lipids and saccharides having polyalcohols, aldehydes, ketones and acids of the polyalcohols, and derivatives and condensates of these compounds with a fluorinating agent represented by general formula (I) thermally or under irradiation with microwave or an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength around the microwave region. In accordance with the method, the fluorination at a selected position can be conducted safely at a temperature in the range of 150 to 200° C. where the reaction is difficult in accordance with conventional methods. The above method comprising the irradiation with microwave or an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength around the microwave region can be applied to substrates other than saccharides

The invention discloses a green synthesizing method of aryl bromide. The synthesizing method comprises the step of carrying out bromination on an aromatic compound of which the structure is shown as a formula (1) to prepare the aryl bromide by using hydrogen bromide as a brominating agent, using copper nitrate as a catalyst and using molecular oxygen as an oxidant, wherein in the formula (I), R is hydrogen; substituent groups R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are respectively independently selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, amino, C1 to C8 alkoxy, single C1 to C8 alkyl amino, double C1 to C8 alkyl amino, C1 to C12 alkyl, C6 to C12 aryl, C1 to C8 acyloxy, C1 to C8 acylamino, halogen, nitryl, cyan, carboxyl and C1 to C8 acyl or C1 to C8 carbalkoxyl group; and at least one substituent group of R1, R2, R3,R4 and R5 is hydroxy, amino, C1 to C8 alkoxy, single C1 to C8 alkyl amino, double C1 to C8 alkyl amino, C1 to C8 acyloxy, C1 to C8 acylamino or C1 to C12 alkyl. The synthesizing method of the invention has the advantages of wide application range and high atom utilization, avoids using an organic solvent and has the characteristics of economy and environment protection.

The invention is directed to an improved process for preparing a ring-fluorinated aromatic compound of a general formula (I), which is performed by a halogen conversion reaction (Halex reaction) of various halogen substituents in a one-step reaction and in the presence of a catalyzer.

The invention discloses a method for preparing halogenated aryl compounds through oxidation and halogenation. In the method, chlorine gas, bromine water or elementary iodine are prevented from serving as a halogenating agent, and in an aqueous phase or ionic liquid reaction medium, bidirectional ionic liquid is taken as a catalyst, hydrogen peroxide (commercial 30 percent aqueous solution) is taken as an oxidant, aryl compounds and halogeno salt (or haloid acid) are subjected to oxidation and halogenation to form the halogenated aryl compounds. The method is a green synthesis method; and the prepared halogenated aryl has high selectivity and yield, reaction conditions are mild, volatile organic solvents are not needed in the reaction, and the catalyst can be recycled.

The invention discloses a method for directly preparing alpha-fluoro acetophenone by an acetophenone one-pot method, comprising the following steps: firstly preparing eutectic mixture, and sequentially adding acetophenone compound and alpha-halogenated reagent to react for 3-5h under the condition of 10-100 DEG C; and then, adding nucleophilic fluorinating agent to react for 5-10h under the condition of 50-150 DEG C, wherein the using quantity of the alpha-halogenated reagent is 0.5-2.0 times molar weight of the acetophenones compound, the using quantity of the nucleophilic fluorinating agentis 1-10 times molar weight of the the acetophenones compound, and the molar weight ratio between the eutectic mixture and the acetophenones compound is 5:1-1:1. The method directly utilizes various easily obtained acetophenones compounds as raw material, and the alpha-halogenation reaction is combined with nucleophilic fluorination reaction to realize the one-pot method for effectively obtaining the alpha-fluoro acetophenones compound; furthermore, the method has mild reaction condition and simple method, reduces the cost for synthesizing the alpha-fluoro acetophenones compound and has betterindustrialization prospect.

An improved process of production of a chlorinated sugar is described comprising chlorination of a partially protected sugar, wherein quenching as well as neutralization of chlorinated reaction mass is carried out concurrently and continuously in a reactor which is a continuous mixer as well as quencher providing continuous mixing of chlorination reaction mixture and pH adjusting solution and also provides for continuous quenching and continuous removal of quenched chlorinated reaction mixture.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing an alpha-brominated aromatic ketones compound. The method comprises the following steps: taking an aromatic ketones compound as a substrate, hydrogen bromide as a brominating agent, copper nitrate as a catalyst, oxygen or air as an oxidizing agent and water as a solvent; performing brominating reaction at 25-100 DEG C; and after finishing the reaction, post-processing the reaction solution, thereby obtaining the alpha-brominated aromatic ketones compound. According to the method, water is taken as the solvent, so that the pollution and harm to the environment during a producing, recycling or discharging process caused by an organic solvent are avoided; the method is an environment-friendly green synthesizing technology; the hydrogen bromide is taken as the brominating agent, so that the operation is conveniently and easily controlled, the final reaction products are only alpha-bromoketone and water, no other harmful matter is generated and the defects of the prior art are eliminated; the oxygen or air is taken as the oxidizing agent, so that the price is low and the oxidizing agent is easily obtained; and the method provided by the invention is characterized by convenience in operation, safety, environmental protection, low cost, high economic benefit, and the like, and belongs to a green chemical technology.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing trifluoromethyl amine. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing amino acid, anhydrous hydrofluoric acid and sulfur tetrafluoride in a molar ratio of 1:(3-20):(1.8-3.2), and reacting at temperature of between 50 and 150 DEG C for 2 to 10 hours; and cooling, neutralizing, extracting and rectifying to obtain a trifluoromethyl amine product. According to the method, a process is short; and the product is easy to separate, high in yield and stable in quality, the highest yield is 88 percent, and the content of the product is over 97.5 percent.