The invention discloses a method for increasing the computing speed through parallel computing based on an MPI and OpenMP hybrid programming model. The method includes the steps that the callable MPI process number and OpenMP thread number are determined according to the computing node number and the available CPU core number in nodes; an existing sub sparse matrix A, the sub initial vector x0, the block vector b and the maximum computing tolerance Tolerance are read into each process; a multi-thread compiling command is enabled for each process; cycle computing of a precondition conjugate gradient method is conducted on all the processes; if the computed error is smaller than the permissible value, cycle computing is ended, and otherwise, cycle computing is continuously conducted; computing results of all the processes are reduced, and a solution of a problem is output; when parallel computing is conducted, MPI processes are started, multi-thread resolving is conducted on the problem, parallel computing among the nodes is started, all the MPI processes are distributed to one computing node, and information is exchanged through message transmission among the processes; then in all the MPT processes, an OpenMP guidance command is used to create a set of threads, and the threads are distributed to different processors of the computing node to be executed.