169 results about "Reflectron" patented technology

The invention relates to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer for injection of the ions orthogonally to the time-resolving axis-of-flight component, with a pulser for acceleration of the ions of the beam in the axis-of-flight direction, preferably with a velocity-focusing reflector for reflecting the ion beam and with a flat detector at the end of the flight section. The invention consists of using, both for acceleration in the pulser and for reflection in the reflectors, a gridless optical system made up of slit diaphragms which can spatially focus the ions onto the detector in the direction vertical to the directions of injection and flight axis, but which does not have any focusing or deflecting effect on the other directions. For some reflector geometries it is essential to use an additional cylindrical lens for focusing, and for other reflector geometries the use of such a lens may be advantageous.

A tandem mass spectrometer includes a linear time-of-flight mass analyzer and curved field reflectron mass analyzer. The curved-field reflectron mass analyzer is disposed at an end of the linear time-of-flight mass analyzer such that ions having a plurality of ion masses formed in the linear time-of-flight analyzer such that ions having a plurality of ion masses formed in the linear time-of-flight analyzer enter the curved-field reflectron mass analyzer. The tandem mass spectrometer also includes a mass selection gate disposed between the time-of-flight mass analyzer and the curved-field reflectron mass analyzer. The mass selection gate selects an ion mass from the plurality of ion masses. Furthermore, the tandem mass spectrometer also includes a dissociating component located in a path of the ions formed in the linear time-of-flight analyzer. The dissociating component causes dissociation of the ions into a plurality of ion fragments.

The present invention provides a time of flight mass spectrometer having an ion optics forming a multi-turn track, which is capable of time-focusing the ions while allowing the multi-turn track to be configured in an unlimited and highly variable manner. In a specific form of the invention, a reflector 9 is provided on the flight path between the position where the ions leave the loop orbit P and the ion detector 10 located outside the loop orbit P, and the condition of the electric field generated by the reflector 9 is appropriately determined. Thus, even if the ions cannot be well time-focused by the ion optics 2 creating the sector-shaped electric fields 4 and 7, it is possible to compensate the time-focusing performance with the reflector 9 to achieve a good performance of time-focusing of the ion throughout the overall system wherein the ions leave the ion source 1 and finally reach the ion detector 10. Thereby, the ions can reach the ion detector 10 at approximately the same time even if the ions having the same mass number have different levels of energy at the moment they leave the ion source 1.

A beam shaping assembly for neutron capture therapy includes a beam inlet, a target having nuclear reaction with an incident proton beam from the beam inlet to produce neutrons forming a neutron beam defining a main axis, a moderator adjoining to the target, a reflector surrounding the moderator, a thermal neutron absorber adjoining to the moderator, a radiation shield arranged inside the beam shaping assembly and a beam outlet. The neutrons are moderated to epithermal neutron energies. An outer surface of the moderator includes at least a first tapered section. The reflector leads the neutrons deviated from the main axis back. The thermal neutron absorber is used for absorbing thermal neutrons so as to avoid overdosing in superficial normal tissue during therapy. The radiation shield is used for shielding leaking neutrons and photons so as to reduce dose of the normal tissue not exposed to irradiation.

The content of the invention comprises a concept of multi-beam ion pre-selection from a single sample, coordinated mobility (against the gas flow) separation, cooling ions in supersonic gas flow and mass separation of thus low divergent ions by single or plural compact high-resolution orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometers both linear or reflectron type with controlled collision-induced dissociation (CID) and multi-channel data recording for the optimization of sample use in the analysis, and obtaining as much useful information about the sample as possible in a reasonably short time.

A tandem time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer is offered whose first mass analyzer is a TOF mass spectrometer having a flight distance smaller than the flight distance sufficient to impart a desired mass resolution to the first mass analyzer. When a mass spectrum is measured with the first mass analyzer, a reflectron field is activated. When precursor ions are selected by the first mass analyzer, the reflectron field is deactivated to permit ions to pass through without being reflected.

An example tunable cavity resonator for filtering radiation in the optical and IR wavelengths and an example method for fabricating same. The example resonator includes a pair of reflectors, one in fixed relationship to a substrate and the other formed upon a suspended moveable membrane disposed a cavity length from the one reflector. The resonator also includes a pair of spaced apart electrodes either constituted by the reflectors or juxtaposed therewith, which are electrostatically operable to move the membrane and other reflector relative to the one reflector.

The tilt-compensated interferometers of the present invention are novel variations of Michelson's interferometer that use tilt- and shear-compensation to provide excellent photometric accuracy even when there are imperfections in the scanning motion used to produce variation of path difference. The tilt-compensation mechanism of the present invention consists of antiparallel reflections from a beamsplitter element and a roof reflector element, which elements are held rigidly in alignment. Several particularly useful embodiments of the invention are described. Other advantages of the present invention include photometric stability and reduced cost because manual alignment is not required. This interferometer has applications in spectrometry, spectral imaging and metrology.

The headlamp assembly having low beam and high beam operation modes includes a light source, a reflector surface adapted to reflect light from the light source outward to a condenser lens positioned at a distance from the light source. An opaque shield is positioned between the light source and the condenser lens and is moveable between a first position, where a portion of the reflected light is blocked from reaching the condenser lens, and a second position, where substantially all of the reflected light is allowed to reach the condenser lens. The condenser lens has a first segment and a second segment wherein, when the opaque shield is in the first position, light is reflected almost entirely to the first segment of the condenser lens, and when the opaque shield is in the second position, light is reflected to the first and second segments of the condenser lens.

A Hall-current ion source for generation of low and high energy ion beams with selection of magnetic fields and emission currents, where there are utilized low magnetic fields and high emission currents that are higher than discharge currents for low energy ion beams, 15-100 eV; high magnetic fields and emission currents that are equal to discharge currents are utilized for discharge voltages providing ion beam energies of 100-500 eV. Other measures are utilized for protection of a gas distribution area and a magnet from pinching by an ion beam penetration through a reflector by a buffer chamber providing better gas distribution in anode area, a protective ring in a center part of a reflector, and others.

An apparatus for the detection of a fluid-borne particle (10) in an optically defined particle sensing zone, the apparatus comprising: i) a scattering chamber (40); ii) a means for providing a sample of fluid (34), containing the fluid-borne particle, in the form of a flow through the optically defined particle sensing zone; iii) A means for generating a beam of radiation (12) through the optically defined particle sensing zone; iv) a single reflector or refractor (14) means having a primary focus (16) within the optically defined particle sensing zone and a secondary focus (20) located outside the beam of radiation; v) a detector means comprising a first photosensitive detection area (26) a second photosensitive detection area (29); vi) a means for deriving area from the radiation detected by the first photosensitive detection area and second photosensitive detection area of the detection means wherein the single reflector or refractor means is adapted to direct radiation scattered from the fluid borne particle passing through the beam of radiation within the optically defined particle sensing zone to the detection means located at the secondary focus of the single reflector or refractor means and the optically sensing zone comprises a first and a second zone.