1612 results about "Parallel beam" patented technology

A process for an intensity-modulated proton therapy of a predetermined volume within an object includes discretising the predetermined volume into a number of iso-energy layers each corresponding to a determined energy of the proton beam. A final target dose distribution is determined for each iso-energy layer. The final target dose distribution or at least a predetermined part of this final target dose distribution is applied by parallel beam scanning by controlling the respective beam sweepers, thereby scanning one iso-energy layer after the other using an intensity-modulated proton beam while scanning a predetermined iso-energy layer.

A system and method for parallel-beam scanning a surface. An energetic beam source emits an energetic collimated beam which is received by an optical device, comprising: one or more optical media, operable to receive the emitted beam, such as two pairs of coordinated mirrors or a right prism, and at least one actuator coupled to the one or more optical media, and operable to rotate each of the one or more optical media around a respective axis to perform a parallel displacement of the beam in a respective direction, wherein the respective direction, the beam, and the respective axis are mutually orthogonal. The optical device is operable to direct the beam to illuminate a sequence of specified regions of a surface.

Sensing of multiple touches on a surface of a material is provided. A beamed acoustic wave traveling in a substantially linear path along the surface of the material is formed by a plurality of transducers, e.g., a phased array, coupled to the surface. One or more echoes of the acoustic wave caused by a corresponding one or more touches on the path are detected with a detector. The detector may include, for example, one or more of the transducers in the plurality of transducers. The surface can be scanned with a plurality of beamed acoustic waves using a variety of configurations, such as parallel beams, radially emanating beams, etc.

An optical device including an optical waveguide upon which a group of parallel light beams different in traveling direction from each other are incident and from which the group of parallel light beams go out after propagated by repeated total reflection through it. The optical waveguide includes a first reflection-type volume hologram grating, and a second reflection-type volume hologram grating. The pitches of interference fringes on the hologram surfaces of the first and second reflection-type volume hologram gratings are equal to each other. In at least the second reflection-type volume hologram grating, the angle formed between the interference fringes and hologram surfaces are varied continuously or stepwise within the hologram in relation to the main incident light beam so as to meet the Bragg condition. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the unevenness of color and brightness due to angles of view.

Light from an LED light source, which is placed to be directed toward the front of a lamp, is incident on a translucent member, and the light that is transmitted through the translucent member is reflected by a reflector toward the front of the lamp. An internal reflection portion that internally reflects light which is incident on the translucent member at a small angle with respect to an optical axis of the LED light source, in a direction which is substantially perpendicular to the optical axis, and a refraction portion that refracts light which is incident at a large angle with respect to the optical axis, in a direction which is substantially perpendicular to the optical axis, are formed on the surface of the translucent member. The LED emitted light can be caused to be incident on a reflective surface of the reflector in the form of substantially parallel beams which are directed in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the optical axis. The LED emitted light can be caused to be incident on the range extending even to the peripheral edge of the reflective surface, without increasing the depth of the reflector. The reflection due to the reflector can be easily controlled.

Apparatus and process for fast, quantitative, non-contact topographic investigation of samples. Apparatus includes a light source, and a collimating concave mirror structured and arranged to produce a parallel beam and to direct the parallel beam to a sample to be investigated. A structured mask is located between the light source and the concave mirror, and an image sensor structured and arranged to receive a beam reflected from the sample and the concave mirror. Relative positions of the mask and the sensor to other elements of the apparatus are chosen to provide an essentially sharp image of the mask on the sensor. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

A charged-particle multi-beam exposure apparatus (1) for exposure of a target (41) uses a plurality of beams of electrically charged particles, which propagate along parallel beam paths towards the target (41). For each particle beam an illumination system (10), a pattern definition means (20) and a projection optics system (30) are provided. The illuminating system (10) and / or the projection optics system (30) comprise particle-optical lenses having lens elements (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) common to more than one particle beam. The pattern definition means (20) defines a multitude of beamlets in the respective particle beam, forming its shape into a desired pattern which is projected onto the target (41), by allowing it to pass only through a plurality of apertures defining the shape of beamlets permeating said apertures, and further comprises a blanking means to switch off the passage of selected beamlets from the respective paths of the beamlets.

A process for an intensity-modulated proton therapy of a predetermined volume within an object includes discretising the predetermined volume into a number of iso-energy layers each corresponding to a determined energy of the proton beam. A final target dose distribution is determined for each iso-energy layer. The final target dose distribution or at least a predetermined part of this final target dose distribution is applied by parallel beam scanning by controlling the respective beam sweepers, thereby scanning one iso-energy layer after the other using an intensity-modulated proton beam while scanning a predetermined iso-energy layer.

An apparatus and a method are provided for 3-D imaging and scanning using a 2-D planar VCSELs source configured as a lightfiled optical source. VCSELs are configured in different 2-D spatial arrangements including single VCSEL, or preferably a group, cluster, or array each to be operated effectively as an independent VCSEL array source. A set of microlens and an imaging lens positioned at a pre-determined distance collimates radiation from each VCSEL array source to a set of parallel beams. The parallel beams from different VCSEL array sources generated in a rapid pre-determined timing sequence provide scanning beams to illuminate an object. The radiation reflected from the object is analyzed for arrival time, pulse shape, and intensity to determine a comprehensive set of distance and intensity profile of the object to compute a 3-D image.

The invention provides a microphone array voice enhancement device with a sound source direction tracking function and a method for the microphone array voice enhancement device. The microphone array voice enhancement device relates to voice signal processing. A microphone array, an adjustable parallel beam former group module, a fixed parameter FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter module, a fixed parameter signal blocking module, an adaptive noise canceller module and a sound source direction update module are aranged in the devide. The method comprises the following steps of: initializing, forming an adjustable beam, fixing parameter filtering, blocking a signal, carrying out adaptive noise cancelling, and updating a sound source direction. The invention provides an adjustable parallel beam former group combined with a sidelobe canceller structure to achieve real-time tracking of a target sound source direction, embeds the sound source direction tracking function directly to a generalized sidelobe canceller structure, can achieve sound source direction tracking and voice enhancement, thereby overcoming sensibility of an algorithm performance on a DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation error.

A parallel-beam optical tomography system for imaging an object of interest includes a parallel ray beam radiation source that illuminates the object of interest with a plurality of parallel radiation beams. After passing through the object of interest the pattern of transmitted or emitted radiation intensities is magnified by a post specimen optical element or elements. An object containing tube is located within an outer tube, wherein the object of interest is held within or flows through the object containing tube. A motor may be coupled to rotate and / or translate the object containing tube to present differing views of the object of interest. One or more detector arrays are located to receive the emerging radiation from the post specimen magnifying optic. Two- or three-dimensional images may be reconstructed from the magnified parallel projection data.

The invention relates to an apparatus for flow estimation using synthetic aperture imaging. The method uses a Synthetic Transmit Aperture, but unlike previous approaches a new frame is created after every pulse emission. In receive mode parallel beam forming is implemented. The beam formed RF data is added to the previously created RF lines obtained by the same transmit sequence. The apparatus comprises a pulser (1) to generate a pulsed voltage signal, that is fed to the emit beam former (2). The emit beam former (2) is connected to the emitting transducer array (3). The ultrasound is reflected by the object (4) and received by the elements of the transducer array (5). All of these signals are then combined in the beam processor (6) to focus all of the beams in the image in both transmit and receive mode and the simultaneously focused signals are used for updating the image in the processor (7). The estimation processor (8) to correlate the individual measurements to obtain the displacement between high-resolution images and thereby determine the velocity.

An exerciser includes a handle and a support rotatably secured to a base, two foot pedals are rotatably secured to the support with spindles for allowing the users' feet to be rotated relative to the support and for preventing the users from being hurt or twisted while rotating relative to said base with the support. The support includes two blocks pivotally secured between two pivotal and parallel beams for supporting the foot pedals. A device may couple the the handle to the support for allowing the handle to be rotatably coupled to the support.

The invention discloses a laser-cutting automatic loading and unloading manipulator in the field of lathes, which comprises a grid-shaped sucking disk rack, wherein a plurality of sucking disks are arranged at the lower side of the sucking disk rack, a support rack connected with a feeding mechanism of a lathe is arranged above the sucking disk rack, and a lifting mechanism that drives the sucking disk rack to do ascending and descending motion is arranged on the support rack; a reducer motor is also arranged on the support rack, the middle part of a transmission shaft is connected with the reducer motor by a transmission way, the transmission shaft is arranged on the support rack through a bearing, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively provided with gears, the upper side and the lower side of each gear are respectively meshed with a gear rack, the gear racks are arranged on four parallel beams, the beams and the support rack are connected by a guide slider mechanism, outer end parts of the two beams positioned at the lower side of the gear and outer end parts of the two beams positioned at the upper side of the gear are respectively connected with a horizontally-arranged unloading fork, the two unloading forks are positioned in a same horizontal height, and stopping rods are respectively arranged at the upper sides of the adjacent ends of the two unloading forks. The invention can automatically load and unload and improve the production efficiency.

The present invention provides various embodiments of a double-resonance-absorption microscope which realizes a super-resolution by using double resonance absorption. In particular, a double-resonance-absorption microscope includes a light source for a pump light of a wavelength λ1 which excites a sample molecule to a first electronic excited state from a ground state, a light source for an erase light of a wavelength λ2 which excites the sample molecule to a second electronic excited state or a higher excited state from the first electronic excited state, and an overlap component for partially overlapping irradiating areas of the pump light and the erase light with each other. An emission area upon deexcitation of the sample molecule to the ground state from the first electronic excited state is partially inhibited by irradiating the pump light and the erase light through the overlap means. On an optical path of the erase light, a spatial filter is provided which has a condenser lens, a collimate lens, and a pinhole therebetween, and performs condensing of the erase light onto the pinhole by the condenser lens and collimating of the erase light passed through the pinhole into a parallel beam by the collimate lens.

A high-pressure krypton gas is supplied to the interior of a vessel from a gas introduction pipe. Light emitted from an optical fiber group formed by bundling together optical fibers constituting the output ends of fiber amplifiers or fiber lasers passes through a lens and exciting laser light introduction window, and is focused on the krypton gas jetting from the tip end of the nozzle. As a result, the krypton gas is excited as a plasma and soft X-rays are generated. The soft X-rays are reflected by a rotating multi-layer coat parabolic mirror and are emitted to the outside as a parallel beam of soft X-rays. Since light from fiber amplifiers is used as exciting light, and since numerous optical fibers are bundled together to form a light source, a large quantity of soft X-rays can easily be obtained.

A method and apparatus are provided for reconstructing a tomographic image from fan-beam or cone-beam data. The method includes the steps of collecting fan-beam or cone-beam data over an image space, converting the fan-beam or cone-beam data to parallel-beam data with respect to a rotation angle within the image space, performing a shift variant filtration of the parallel-beam data within the image space and converting the processed data to images through backprojection or other means.

Apparatus and process for fast, quantitative, non-contact topographic investigation of samples. Apparatus includes a light source, and a collimating concave mirror structured and arranged to produce a parallel beam and to direct the parallel beam to a sample to be investigated. A structured mask is located between the light source and the concave mirror, and an image sensor structured and arranged to receive a beam reflected from the sample and the concave mirror. Relative positions of the mask and the sensor to other elements of the apparatus are chosen to provide an essentially sharp image of the mask on the sensor. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

The present invention relates to an imaging apparatus for IR four-wave mixing polarization microscopy. The imaging apparatus comprises a pump beam source for generating an infrared pump beam; a probe beam source for generating a probe beam (search beam); a polarizer for linearly polarizing the pump beam and probe beam; a beam combiner which synchronizes temporally and overlaps spatially the polarized pump beam and probe beam on the same axis; a scanner for two-dimensionally scanning the combined pump beam and probe beam; an optical focusing system for focusing the scanned pump beam and probe beam on a local point of the sample; a collecting optical system for collecting the beam which is formed by that the focused beams are interacted with the sample and of which phase is anisotropically retarded by nonlinear birefringence of the sample and forming a parallel beam; a dichroic beam splitter for removing the infrared pump beam out of the parallel beam and splitting the probe beam of which phase is anisotropically retarded; a polarizing beam splitter for converting the split and ansotripically phase-retarded probe beam into linerly polarized beams having their axes perpendicular to each other; a photodetector for detecting an intensity of each of the converted linerly polarized beams; a polarization differential detector for detecting a polarization difference based on the detected intensities of the linerly polarized beams; and a data analyzer for acquiring the detected polarization difference signal and extracting a spectrospcopic information corresponding to the strength of molecular vibrational coherence of the sample.

The invention provides a super-resolution confocal microimaging device based on a column polarization vortex beam. The super-resolution confocal microimaging device comprises a pinhole filter, a collimating lens, a polarization and phase transformation system, a pupil filter, an optical filter, a detector and a three-dimensional translational platform, wherein a beam emitted from a laser passes the pinhole filter to obtain a Gauss basic mode beam, the collimating lens collimates the Gauss basic mode beam into the parallel beam, the polarization and phase transformation system allows the parallel beam to pass and obtain the column polarization vortex beam with preset polarization and phase distribution, the pupil filter allows the column polarization vortex beam to pass and to be reflected through a beam splitter and focused on a to-be-detected sample through a collecting lens, light signals reflected from the sample pass the collecting lens and the beam splitter to be incident on the optical filter, and the optical filter only allows a fluorescence signal of the light signals to be transmitted, the fluorescence signal is focused on a detecting pinhole through the collecting lens and is detected and converted, through the detector, into an electrical signal to be output, the sample is placed on the three-dimensional translational platform, detection of the sample at different positions can be realized by moving the three-dimensional translational platform, and accordingly three-dimensional scanning imaging of the sample can be realized.

A surface illumination apparatus is provided which includes a laser light source and a light guide plate upon which a laser beam emitted from the laser light source is incident through an end-surface portion and from which the laser beam is emitted through a main-surface portion on one side thereof. The laser beam is incident through an end-surface portion at an inclination angle to a main-surface portion on the other side which faces the one main-surface portion of the light guide plate, undergoes a change in the optical-path direction thereof by the other main-surface portion, is incident on the one main-surface portion and is emitted as a substantially parallel beam from the one main-surface portion.

An apparatus directing x-rays along a predetermined axis includes an x-ray optic having one or more nested x-ray reflector rings positioned relative to a source generating broad spectrum x-rays so that generated x-rays moving away from the predetermined axis are collected by the reflector incident at or close to a Bragg angle to thereby reflect the collected x-rays into a conically parallel beam. A first diffractor is positioned relative to the x-ray optic to receive incident thereon the conically parallel beam, the first diffractor selected from a truncated cone and a cylinder and diffracting the conically parallel beam toward the predetermined axis. A second diffractor is positioned relative to the first diffractor and having a geometry effective to receive incident thereon and redirect the conically parallel beam along the predetermined axis as a collimated beam of substantially parallel x-rays.

There is provided a curvature measuring apparatus and method using multiple beams. m×n multiple beams generated by an m×n laser diode (LD) array or an m×n vertical cavity surface emitting laser array having a uniform pitch are converted into multiple divergent or multiple parallel beams. The multiple beams strike and reflect from the surface of a thin film formed on a substrate Then, the multiple beams are detected by an m×n spot array in a detector such as a charge coupled device (CCD) or a CMOS image sensor. The spot spacing between the beams in the array is measured in a direction parallel to the incident plane. The spot spacing between the beams is changed by the curvature of the substrate in the direction parallel to the incident plane and the curvature may be expressed by a function including change in beam spacing, an incident angle, a distance between the surface of the thin film and the detector. These values can be measured and the curvature of the surface of the thin film can be obtained from these values. Since an m×n two-dimensional spot array is used, it is possible to obtain a two-dimensional curvature profile of the surface of the thin film.

A color electrophotographic apparatus which can achieve full color image reproduction with one-pass developing is disclosed. According to the present invention, a flexible photoconductor is formed as an endless belt driven by a set of rollers. Developers of various colors are projected onto a surface of the photoconductor from a plurality of developing units. After the projection of the color developers is achieved, the resultant full color toner image is transferred to a recording medium. The toner image is then fused onto the recording medium, thereby reproducing the full color image. The flexible photoconductor is arranged to have a planar surface between the two rollers, with the four optical exposure units positioned to direct four parallel beams of light in a direction perpendicular to the planar printing surface of the photoconductor. Each of the aligned exposure units have an associated line memory register and at least one shift register for horizontally aligning the lines of information from each exposure unit.

Disclosed is a dark field illumination apparatus which is capable of performing a dark field illumination which exhibits a sufficient brightness and a sufficiently suppressed unevenness in brightness. The apparatus comprises a shaping system for shaping a light beam from a light source into approximately parallel beam having a ring- shaped section; a fly-eye optical device for forming a plurality of light source images in the vicinity of its exit plane based on the approximately parallel beam, the light source images being arranged circularly; and a light collection optical system for collecting light beams from the light source images and superposing them on an object plane.

A line scan cone beam CT imaging system irradiates an object with an x-ray cone beam for multiple views. A projection data set of the object is acquired at each view. Between views, the cone beam and detector array are translated along parallel lines in opposite directions. An image is generated by converting the cone beam projection data set of the real object into a parallel-beam projection data set corresponding to a virtual object and using a total variation minimization image reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct a virtual image of the virtual object. The reconstruction algorithm includes the constraint that the Fourier transform of the reconstructed virtual image matches the known Fourier coefficients in the set of converted parallel-beam projections of the virtual object. The constructed virtual image is then transformed into an image of the real object.