The invention discloses a quercetin derivative chemically modified by dodecanoyl chloride and a synthesis method thereof, which belongs to the field of pharmaceutical synthesis. The method is as follows: adding quercetin and dodecanoyl chloride as raw materials into a solvent, adding an appropriate amount of catalyst and Acidity regulator, under the condition of ice-water bath to room temperature, react for 8-10 hours, after the reaction, adjust the pH value to 6-7 with acid, add water, extract with ethyl acetate, separate liquid, continue to use acetic acid in the water layer Ethyl was extracted 2-3 times, the ethyl acetate layers were combined, water-absorbing agent was added, overnight, suction filtration, ethyl acetate was distilled off, and the crude product was purified by 200-300 mesh silica gel column chromatography, and the preparative liquid phase was purified again to prepare High-purity quercetin derivatives were obtained. The quercetin derivative obtained in the present invention chemically modifies the natural quercetin, and through a substitution reaction at the 4'-OH hydroxyl position, it is beneficial to improve its water solubility and fat solubility, and improve its bioavailability. This quercetin derivative can be used to treat diseases such as hypertension, myocardial ischemia and cancer.