1502 results about "Greenhouse gas" patented technology

A method of sequestering a greenhouse gas is described, which comprises: (i) providing a solution carrying a first reagent that is capable of reacting with a greenhouse gas; (ii) contacting the solution with a greenhouse gas under conditions that promote a reaction between the at least first reagent and the greenhouse gas to produce at least a first reactant; (iii) providing a porous matrix having interstitial spaces and comprising at least a second reactant; (iv) allowing a solution carrying the at least first reactant to infiltrate at least a substantial portion of the interstitial spaces of the porous matrix under conditions that promote a reaction between the at least first reactant and the at least second reactant to provide at least a first product; and (v) allowing the at least first product to form and fill at least a portion of the interior spaces of the porous matrix, thereby sequestering a greenhouse gas.

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes integrated pressure maintenance and miscible flood systems with low emission power generation. The system may also include integration of a pressure swing reformer (PSR), air-blown auto-thermal reformer (ATR), or oxygen-blown ATR with a gas power turbine system, preferably a combined cycle gas power turbine system. Such systems may be employed to capture and utilize greenhouse gases (GHG) and generate power for use in hydrocarbon recovery operations.

A plant for producing Fischer-Tropsch liquids and electrical power with greatly reduced emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere is made up of a syngas generator unit, an air separation unit, a Fischer-Tropsch unit, a CO2 removal unit, and a combined cycle electricity generation unit. Each of Fischer-Tropsch liquids, carbon dioxide, and electrical power can be recoverable under proper economic conditions. Electrical power is recoverable by the use of a gas turbine fueled by predominantly hydrogen and a steam turbine powered by steam generated by cooling exhaust gases from the gas turbine. Sequestration of CO2 and fueling the gas turbine with hydrogen reduces the amount of greenhouse gases emitted to the atmosphere.

A method for synthesizing and producing natural gas by hydrogen of coal gas and its synthesizer are disclosed. The process is carried out by purifying tar, crude removing sulfur, ammonia, benzene and naphthalene, compressing to 0.5-5.0 MPa, removing sulfur impurities, supplementing carbon 5-20 wt%, and methanation reacting to obtain final product. It saves energy resources and has no environmental pollution.

A gas generator includes an oxygen inlet, a gaseous fuel inlet, a water, steam and / or CO2 inlet and a water borne fuel inlet. The water borne fuel is combusted within the gas generator along with the oxygen and the gaseous fuel to produce products of combustion including substantially only steam and carbon dioxide. The water borne fuel can be a water fuel solution, emulsion, mixture or other combination. The water borne fuel can either provide only a small portion of the total fuel into the gas generator or provide up to all of the fuel input into the gas generator. The combustion products are discharged from the gas generator and then power is extracted, such as through a turbine. The products of combustion can then be separated, such as within a condenser. Carbon dioxide is thus removed and can be readily sequestered away from the atmosphere to avoid emission of greenhouse gases.

This invention relates to an apparatus and a method for a wireless sensor to monitor barrier system integrity, such as used or employed during sequestration of greenhouse gases. This invention includes an apparatus for integrity monitoring of a borehole suitable for sequestration of greenhouse gases. The apparatus includes one or more sensors for placement outside of a casing to monitor a borehole, and a tool for movement within the casing to power and interrogate the one or more sensors. This invention also includes a method for monitoring integrity of a borehole suitable for sequestration of greenhouse gases or other types of well. The method includes the step of disposing one or more sensors outside a casing and the step of powering the one or more sensors with a tool inside the casing. The method also includes the step of interrogating the one or more sensors with the tool to monitor an engineered borehole and / or a natural caprock seal.

Methods for systematically providing enhanced energy efficiency of mega industrial sites and synergy with the adjacent community through advanced hybrid inter-systems energy integration targeting and solutions generation to achieve desired best levels of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions reduction, are provided. An exemplary method includes identifying a plurality of possible inter-processes integration energy consumption targets for a plurality of possible inter-processes energy integration combinations between a plurality of functional areas of a mega industrial site, selecting an energy-efficient inter-processes integration energy consumption target, identifying the combination of the plurality of possible inter-processes energy integration combinations providing for the energy efficient inter-processes integration energy consumption target, generating a plurality of technically viable industrial site inter-processes heat exchange system design alternatives, and identifying the technically viable industrial site inter-processes heat exchange system design substantially providing for optimal total waste heat recovery between the respective functional areas.

Techniques are disclosed relating to gas leak detection. The techniques can be deployed, for example, in compact, handheld portable devices usable for detecting leaks in space-confined applications. The devices generally include an unstablized laser and thermal imaging camera that allow for detection of gas that absorbs at least some of the wavelength of operation of the unstablized laser. The devices can be operated at a low-power density for safety and / or may be configured to mitigate wavelength hopping associated with unstablized laser light sources.

The invention provides a fluid-dynamic renewable energy harvesting system which includes fluid-foil means for interfacing with a fluid current such as a water current or wind or both, and which includes energy harvesting means utilizing fluid current driven periodic motion of the fluid-foil means for capturing fluid-dynamic renewable energy and converting it into usable energy in a desired form such as electricity. The invention provides devices, methods and systems for harvesting renewable energy for small-scale, medium-scale and large-scale applications, to provide real and substantial benefits towards efficiently fulfilling energy needs while also more broadly serving humanity and our global environment. The various embodiments of the invention provide energy with zero consumption of fossil fuels and zero emissions of greenhouse gases, and some selectively sited embodiments can beneficially counter global warming induced ice melting.

The gas engine electric power generating system in which the electric power generating apparatus composed of an electric power generator connected with a gas engine of a pilot fuel oil ignition type is installed near a coal mine and the recovered methane gas and ventilated methane gas taken out of the mine shaft are introduced into the cylinder of the gas engine while being adjusted to be introduced as a lean methane / air mixture to operate the engine to produce electric power, is established near coal mine in developing country including China, the carbon dioxide emission credit produced by the difference in greenhouse effect index between the case where coal mine methane gas is released to the atmosphere and where said methane gas is utilized by the gas engine electric power generating system to be released to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, is registered on a emission credit market to be traded with credit surcharge payment obligators(or those who want to purchase the emission credit). The invention also includes the affiliated system of mutual patronage relation constituted by one or a plurality of the systems and nearby power generating system or systems using coal bed methane or pre-mining gas as fuel.

Systems, computer readable media, and program code for systematically providing enhanced energy efficiency of mega industrial sites and synergy with the adjacent community through advanced hybrid inter-systems energy integration targeting and solutions generation to achieve desired best levels of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions reduction, are provided. An exemplary system includes a computer and computer readable code for performing the operations of determining possible inter-processes integration energy consumption targets, selecting an energy-efficient inter-processes integration energy consumption target, determining the inter-processes energy integration combination providing for the energy efficient inter-processes integration energy consumption target, generating a plurality of technically viable industrial site inter-processes heat exchange system design alternatives, and assisting a user to identify the technically viable industrial site inter-processes heat exchange system design substantially providing for optimal total waste heat recovery between the respective functional areas.

The invention relates to a method for remediating cadmium contaminated soil of a vegetable field in situ by compounding bio-charcoal and an organic fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps of: applying a passivation material obtained by compounding the bio-charcoal and the organic fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:1 to a surface layer of soil of a cadmium contaminated vegetable field, fully and uniformly mixing the passivation material and the soil in a plowing layer with the thickness of 0 to 20cm, judging the contamination level of the soil according to environmental quality standard for soils GB15618-1995, and ensuring that the application rate of the passivation material is not less than 0.5 percent of the weight of dry soil, namely 750kg / mu when the cadmium concentration of the soil is 1.0 to 2.9mg / kg. The invention has the advantages that: raw materials of the passivation material are wide in source and low in cost, the application method is simple and has a remarkable effect of remediating the cadmium in the soil in a passivation way, and the risk of secondary contamination is avoided; and the bio-charcoal is applied into the soil, so the passivation material has the effects of reducing the discharge of greenhouse gas of farmland ecosystems, increasing the content of organic carbon of the soil, improving soil structures and the like, and has huge popularization and application value.

This invention relates a series of steps to provide an economical production of a carbon based fertilizer and soil amendment made during the capture of greenhouse gases from the combustion of fossil and non fossil fuels. The invention uses biomass and other carbonaceous sources through pyrolytic conversion to gases and charcoal, to allow for the further production of co-products, such as hydrogen and ammonia. The invention also relates to the combination of hydrated ammonia, combustion flue gas exhaust, and charcoal, provide for the conversion of the charcoal into a valued added soil amendment to return essential trace minerals and plant nutrients to the soil. The ability to produce a large volume carbon co-product while removing mandated emissions and producing renewable based hydrogen provides an economic gain to a large number small and large businesses and increase the chance of achieving significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

The invention provides a system for comprehensive utilization of three industrial wastes, mainly relating to the field of energy conservation and emission reduction, in particular to the comprehensive utilization of the three industrial wastes; to realize the objective of energy conservation and emission reduction required by the recycle economy, a system technology targeted at comprehensive utilization of the three industrial wastes of factories is adopted; in the invention, the reactor in the nuclear plant, the boiler in the coal-fired power plant and other types of supercritical boilers are utilized to provide a new cooling and turbine drive mode to solve the issue of industrial discharge of greenhouse gas and other polluting gases; in addition, collected emissions are utilized to produce nuclear fuel, compound chemical fertilizer or feedstuff and other chemical raw materials; moreover, to realize recycling of resources and sustainable utilization of energy, the original three wastes are innovatively applied to nuclear electric power generation. The system is characterized by comprising 10 major links and the beneficial effect thereof lies in utilizing new methods to realize energy conservation and emission reduction and production cost in the late stage of production can be reduced.

The invention discloses an efficient high-pressure liquid air energy storage / release system, which comprises an energy storage subsystem and an energy release subsystem; in the energy storage subsystem, a low-pressure compressor set (1'), a high-pressure compressor set (1), a cold accumulator (2), a low-temperature heat exchanger (3), a high-pressure low-temperature storage tank (4), a low-temperature expansion machine set (6) and a low-temperature heat exchanger (3) are communicated in sequence; a driving unit (9) drives the high-pressure compressor set (1), and the low-temperature expansion machine set (6) drives the low-pressure compressor set (1'); the energy release subsystem comprises a self-pressurization unit (5) and an acting unit; and the high-pressure and low-temperature storage tank (4), the cold accumulator (2), a heat accumulator / heat exchanger (7) and a main expansion machine set (8) are connected in sequence, and the main expansion machine set (8) drives a power generator (24). The energy storage system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high energy density, high efficiency, no power consumption in the power generation stage, suitability for various power stations, no greenhouse gas generation, capability of recovering intermediate-temperature and low-temperature waste heat and the like.

Apparatus, methods, processes and designs are disclosed here for (i) the thorough drying of moist feed materials, (ii) the manufacture of a unique high-hydrogen, low-carbon synthetic gas mixture (“H-Syngas”) from dry feed materials, and (iii) the specialized uses of H-Syngas.H-Syngas may be produced from coal, natural gas, some oils and other feed materials using a special 3-dimensional “3D3P” plasma pyrolysis1 process. To produce this unique high-hydrogen, low-carbon H-Syngas mixture from moist feed materials, they must first be thoroughly dried.Removing water (H2O) prior to the 3D3P step minimizes a major source of oxygen in the H-Syngas reactor. The use of dry or dried feed materials (and the absence of moisture-supplied oxygen during the 3D3P step) limits the formation of certain unwanted oxide by-product gases, including the Greenhouse gases carbon-monoxide (CO) and carbon-dioxide (CO2).H-Syngas may be used to generate electricity in a unique high temperature process-matched solid oxide fuel cell (“PM-SOFC”) and for other purposes. The drying air supply and feed material drying steps may be integrated with the 3D3P and use steps for some starting materials.

Utilisation of geothermal energy in depths above 5 km could contribute considerably to resolving the global problems related to a lack of energy and to glasshouse gases from fossil fuels. The invention describes innovative equipment which makes deep holes in geological formations (rock) by disintegrating the soil into blocks carried to the land surface through the excavated hole filled with liquid, using transport modules yielded up by gas buoyancy interaction in the transport module utilising supercavitation. In an opposite direction—by help of negative buoyancy—the necessary energy carriers, materials and components, or entire devices required for rock excavation, are carried to the bottom. The opportunity to transport rock in entire blocks reduces energy consumption considerably, because the rock is disintegrated in the section volumes only. Some of the extracted rock and material carried from the surface is used to make a casing of the hole using a part of the equipment. The equipment also allows the generation of the necessary high pressure of liquid at the bottom of the hole, to increase permeability of adjacent rock. The equipment as a whole allows by its function that there is almost linear dependence between the price and depth (length) of the produced hole (borehole).

Disclosed is process of a municipal solid waste treatment and utilization system. The municipal solid waste treatment and utilization system comprises a stacking subsystem A, a smashing and screening subsystem B, a pyrolysis gasification subsystem C, a combustion subsystem D, a hot electron subsystem E, a waste heat recycling and utilization subsystem F, a flue gas treatment and reutilization subsystem G and a solid slag recycling and reutilization subsystem H. The process of the system has the advantages that waste does not need to be treated in a classification manner, the problems that a large quantity of land is occupied in existing landfill process and various released noxious and harmful greenhouse gases are emitted to the atmosphere during waste decomposition are solved, and the problem that a large quantity of noxious and harmful substances and smoke including dioxin and the like are emitted to the atmosphere in existing waste incineration process or existing pyrolysis gasification process is also solved.

Carbon dioxide, from a greenhouse gas source, is reacted with hydrogen, developed in an environmentally friendly process, such as from solar energy based electrolysis, to produce a mixture of ethanol and other saleable organic compounds. The ethanol and other saleable organic compounds mixture may contain substantial percentages of methanol, ethanol, and dimethylether in addition to other components which have chemical structures of predominantly carbon and hydrogen or carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The saleable organic compounds, such as methane, methanol and ethanol may be used as a combustible fuel thus developing a green energy cycle. A portion of the organic compounds may be separated into essentially pure components and used as chemical process feed stocks. The essentially pure organic compounds may be further reacted with suitable chemical compounds to modify said organic compounds. A portion of the organic compounds may be sequestered for long or short time periods by placing them in suitable storage thus providing a mechanism for sequestering carbon dioxide and storing

A system and method for storage of Greenhouse Gasses, in particular CO2 gasses, in an underground reservoir of rock at the shallowest depth necessary to achieve a combination of temperature and pressure sufficient to ensure that the reservoir is hydraulically sealed and isolated. Particle Jet Drilling is utilized to afford an economical process of drilling the necessary deep well bores to reach the deep rock formations. The underground reservoirs are formed through hydraulic dilation of existing joints in the rock formations.

The invention discloses an integration system for religion architecture, which comprises a production power terminal, a transmission and distribution terminal and an energy consumption terminal, and the production power terminal at least comprises a gas turbine, an afterburning type exhaust-heat boiler, a flue gas type double effect absorption refrigeration set, a soil source heat pump set, a water source heat pump set, a solar energy absorption refrigeration set, a wind generating set and a solar energy photovoltaic component; the transmission and distribution terminal at least comprises a pipe network; the energy consumption terminal at least comprises an inhabitation building, a business building, an office building, a travel building, a science education culture health care building and communication building. The invention organically integrates the natural gas based gas turbine cooling heating and power generation combined system with the solar energy photovoltaic component, the solar heat collector, the solar energy absorption refrigeration set, the wind generating set, the soil source heat pump set and the water source heat pump set, thereby not only reducing primary energy consumption, improving total heat efficiency of the system, but also optimizing the energy structure, protecting environment, reducing greenhouse gas emission and playing an important role for responding to climate change.

The invention relates to a method for extracting aluminum oxide, monox and ferric oxide from gangue combustion ashes. Coal blending is carried out according to heating value conditions after the gangue is pretreated, gangue activation is achieved while calcination generation is carried out, and the produced electricity and steam are supplied for a system to use; the aluminum oxide is extracted from the ashes by an acid method, the monox is extracted by an alkaline method, and the ferric oxide is extracted by comprehensive utilization of by-products; and acid, alkaline, lime, an extractant andCO2 which are required by each craft link are recycled inside the system. The invention has the beneficial effects that gangue reclamation is implemented by using the method; the energy and the chemical components in the gangue are fully utilized; the discharge amounts of greenhouse gases and waste ashes are greatly reduced, and the economic benefit of the system is improved; and the method is a novel technology of gangue greening and high added-value utilization, and has obvious competitive advantage.

The present invention discloses a blockchain-based carbon trading system, relates to the technical field of greenhouse gas monitoring and block chains. The carbon trading system comprises: a carbon emission measurement module configured to measure carbon emission of greenhouse gas to generate carbon emission data, a block chain carbon emission checking module configured to add a timestamp onto the carbon emission data to generate carbon emission information, a carbon emission reduction calculation module configured to measure carbon emission reduction of reduced greenhouse gas to generate carbon emission reduction data, and a block chain carbon emission reduction checking module configured to add a timestamp onto the carbon emission reduction data to check the generated carbon emission reduction information.

The invention discloses a system for trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant, comprising an absorption tower and a regenerating tower and also comprising a regenerated gas condenser, a poor-rich liquid heat exchanger, a carbon dioxide separator and a carbon dioxide compressor. The invention also discloses a method for trapping and utilizing carbon dioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant. In the invention, by coordinate design of the absorption tower and regenerating tower, massive carbon dioxide gas exhausted by boiler of coal-fired power plant can be trapped, and the emission of greenhouse gas is reduced, thus protecting the environment; and in the disclosed method, the trapped carbon dioxide gas directly enters the process flow for preparing soda ash and ammonium chloride by combination system, thus carbon dioxide gas can be timely utilized, the whole production process is optimized, and consumption of carbon dioxide gas is reduced.

The invention relates to direct conversion of coal into electricity in a high temperature electrochemical generator in a single step process. This novel concept promises nearly doubling the conversion efficiency of conventional coal-fired processes and offering near-zero emissions. The improved efficiency would mean that nearly half as much coal is mined and transported to the power plant, and half the greenhouse gases and other pollutants such as sulfur, mercury and dioxins are produced. It also offers several crucial distinctions from conventional coal-burning processes. Since the process does not involve the combustion of coal in air, it does not involve nitrogen and hence generates practically no NOx. Accordingly, there is also no latent heat lost to nitrogen. In this process, the oxygen necessary to oxidize coal is supplied through an ion selective ceramic membrane electrolyte. The resultant product stream primarily consists of CO2 and, hence, it is easier and cheaper to capture and sequester, compared to waste streams from conventional combustion processes where CO2 ordinarily constitutes about 15-20% of the flue stream, in which case it may first be separated from other constituents before sequestration.

An exhaust gas capture system for capturing the exhaust gas emitted by auxiliary engines, auxiliary boilers, and other sources on an Ocean Going Vessel (OGV) while at berth or at anchor so that these gases may be carried to an emissions treatment system for removal of air pollutants and or greenhouse gases. The exhaust gas capture system includes a manifold and a family of parallel-flow flexible ducts for connecting directly to individual OGV exhaust pipes. The exhaust gas capture system further includes apparatus for connecting the parallel-flow flexible ducts to the OGV exhaust pipes.

Apparatus and methods for rapidly detecting, localizing, imaging, and quantifying leaks of natural gas and other hydrocarbon and greenhouse gases. Scanning sensors, scan patterns, and data processing algorithms enable monitoring a site to rapidly detect, localize, image, and quantify amounts and rates of hydrocarbon leaks. Multispectral short-wave infrared detectors sense non-thermal infrared radiation from natural solar or artificial illumination sources by differential absorption spectroscopy. A multispectral sensor is scanned to envelop an area of interest, detect the presence and location of a leak, and raster scan the area around the leak to create an image of the leak. The resulting absorption image related to differential spectral optical depth is color mapped to render the degree of gas absorption across the scene. Analysis of this optical depth image, with factors including known inline pressures and / or surface wind speed measurements, enable estimation of the leak rate, i.e., emission mass flux of gas.