41 results about "Co2 flux" patented technology

The invention relates to an acidic CO2 flux-cored wire with ultralow hydrogen content and high toughness and preparation thereof. The flux-cored wire is used for bridge steel and consists of a carbon steel strip serving as a skin, and a medicinal core, wherein the medicinal core comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 42 to 45 percent of TiO2, 2.5 to 3 percent of NaF, 4 to 6 percent of SiO2, 16 to 18 percent of Si-Mn, 3 to 5 percent of Al-Mg, 3 to 4 percent of MgO, 0.5 to 1 percent of ReF, 2 to 3 percent of ZrO2, 1 to 3 percent of Ti-Fe, 1.5 to 3 percent of Al-Fe, 2 to 3 percent of B-Fe and the balance of iron powder. The wire is subjected to on-line high-frequency heating and baking during preparation; and the flux-cored wire is simply, efficiently and controllably produced in batches and has high moisture absorption resistance, and high cold crack resistance during welding, deposited metal has the characteristics of high toughness and ultralow hydrogen content, all-position welding can be performed, a weld joint is high in slag coverage and slag detachability and small in welding spatter and has attractive appearance, and the flux-cored wire is suitable for welding bridge steel of grade 50kg in highly cold and highly humid severe environment and the like.

An intelligent soil gas-flux monitoring system and monitoring method are disclosed. The system includes a host box and a data collection system. The data collection system includes a gas chamber, a carbon dioxide sensor, a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor. The gas chamber includes an insect-proof net cover, a cylinder provided with an automatically controlled functional gate plate, and a flange. The cylinder is mounted between the insect-proof net cover and the flange. The carbon dioxide sensor is mounted on the flange at the bottom of the gas chamber. A measuring end of the carbon dioxide sensor protrudes into the gas chamber. A measuring end of the temperature sensor is in the environment surrounding the gas chamber. A measuring end of the humidity sensor is inserted into soil surrounding the gas chamber. The carbon dioxide sensor, the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to the host box. A problem that air flow rate measurement is required for CO2 flux calculation is avoided. Connection between the gas chamber and the host box with an air pipe is not needed, thus avoiding air blockage in an air pipe aeration process and an air pressure balance problem in the gas chamber. Sealed gas measurement and opened air change and circulation are adopted, and long-term continuous automatic monitoring can be achieved.

The invention discloses a method for observing and inverting surface carbon flux based on satellite CO2 column concentration. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an EnKF carbon fluxinversion system and coupling the EnKF carbon flux inversion system to an MOZART-4 global atmospheric chemical transmission model; performing Gaussian random disturbance on the priori CO2 flux to obtain a set sample, inputting the set sample into an atmospheric model MOZART-4 to simulate CO2 concentration, assimilating observation data of corresponding positions and time, and obtaining optimizedCO2 flux; inputting the optimized flux into the MOZART-4 model again for operation, and generating a new initial field for flux optimization of the next assimilation window; and repeating the step 2 for cyclic assimilation. The high-resolution carbon assimilation inversion system constructed through a new algorithm and a new program can directly assimilate satellite column concentration data, andglobal and regional carbon flux errors and simulation precision are effectively corrected.

The invention discloses a chitosan-modified mesoporous silica-filled hybrid membrane which is composed of a polyoxyethylene-polycaprolactam block copolymer and chitosan-modified mesoporous silica. A preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing chitosan-modified mesoporous silica; preparing a polyoxyethylene-polycaprolactam block copolymer solution; adding the chitosan-modified mesoporous silica into the polyoxyethylene-polycaprolactam block copolymer solution to prepare a membrane casting solution, and finally preparing the chitosan-modified mesoporous silica-filled hybrid membrane. According to the invention, the hybrid membrane has excellent membrane separation performance; the preparation method is easy to operate; the used membrane materials are low in price; when the hybrid membrane is used for separating CO2 / CH4 gas mixture, the CO2 flux is 1835barrer, and the CO2 / CH4 separation factor is 36; when the hybrid membrane is used for separating CO2 / N2 gas mixture, the flux is 1943barrer, and the CO2 / N2 separation factor is 85.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of filbert powder, which comprises the steps of pressing the husked filbert nut at low temperature by oil press so as to separate the filbert oil and obtain cake, crushing the cake to powder with the particle diameter of 40-60 mesh, extracting the powder by supercritical CO2 extraction(CO2-SFE) so as to separate extracted filbert oil and obtain filbert powder, wherein the extracting process has the conditions of 24-26 MPa of pressure, 50-60 DEG C of temperature, 2-3 hours of extracting time, and 110-130 L / h of CO2 flux. In the present invention, partial filbert oil in filbert nut is separated by cold pressing at low temperature firstly, and then filbert oil in the cake obtained after cold pressing is separated by CO2-SFE, thereby, the grease content in the filbert powder can be less than 2%, so that the filbert powder contains the major nutrient contents of filbert nut except grease. Furthermore, the filbert powder holds the special aroma of filbert nut, can be used as raw material or ingredients to produce foods with many kinds of flavors, and is easy to storage with a long shelf life.

The invention provides a preparation method of egg yolk oil, and a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method is adopted to prepare the egg yolk oil. The method comprises the steps that egg yolk powder is taken, and extraction is conducted for 105-120 min under the condition that the extraction pressure ranges from 35 MPa to 38 MPa, the CO2 flux is 50 L / h, and the extraction temperature is 50 DEG C. According to the the preparation method of the egg yolk oil, the egg yolk oil can be extracted effectively, the yield reaches up to 42.65%, the extraction pressure is small, the extraction temperature is low, the extraction time is short, the cost is low, the cost and the yield can be taken into account at the same time, and the industrial application prospect is good.

The invention discloses a standard instantaneous CO2 flux concept of a soil profile and an obtaining method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, detecting CO2 concentration in certain soil layer depth by an infrared CO2 analyzer and carrying out hyperbolic equation fit on the change of the CO2 concentration along with detecting time by software to obtain parameters a and b; using acknowledged atmosphere CO2 concentration as reference Ct to be substituted into a hyperbolic equation and calculating corresponding time t<s>; solving a first-order derivative of the hyperbolic equation by Ct to the time t and substituting a t<s> value into a derivative calculation formula to obtain a standard CO2 concentration change rate parameter corresponding to the time; and finally, substituting the standard CO2 concentration change rate parameter into a flux calculation formula to obtain the standard instantaneous CO2 flux of the detected soil layer. The invention can be used for carrying out rapid detection on multiple groups of repeated tests, reduces errors caused by detecting time intervals among a plurality of repeated tests and improves the reliability of data.

The invention discloses a device for continuously and automatically measuring interface CO2 exchange flux. The device comprises a CO2 analyzer, a data recorder, a flux box, an air extracting pump, a water drop sensing module, an air filter head and an automatic air path control device, wherein the water drop sensing module and the air filter head are used for performing waterproof protection on the CO2 analyzer; the automatic air path control device is used for controlling an air path to perform internal circulation or air exchange; the air extracting pump, the automatic air path control device, the CO2 analyzer and the air filter head are sequentially connected in series by air pipes; an air outlet end of the air extracting pump is connected to a gas inlet port of the flux box by an air pipe; and a gas outlet port of the flux box is connected to an air inlet end of the air filter head by an air pipe. The device realizes flux box gas and air exchange, excessive CO2 absorption and CO2 flux measurement by utilizing the automatic air path control device; the operation is fully automatic under the action of the air extracting pump and under control of solenoid valves; high-frequency interface CO2 flux data can be obtained; and the device has the characteristics of low cost and convenience in operation.

The invention relates to a trunk CO2 flux measurement device. The trunk CO2 flux measurement device comprises an infrared gas analyzer, a gas passage and a lifting frame used for arranging the infrared gas analyzer and the gas passage connected with the infrared gas analyzer, wherein the gas passage comprises a trunk contact cover, a carbon flux gas chamber contact cover and a steering tube used for connecting the trunk contact cover and the carbon flux gas chamber contact cover, the steering tube is arranged on the lifting frame through a fixing seat, the lifting frame comprises a desktop and desk legs located at the corners of the lower side of the desktop, each desk leg comprises a fixed segment and a telescopic segment located in the fixed segment, the fixed segment is connected with the telescopic segment through a locking device, a bearing platform is arranged between the desk legs, and a rail is arranged on the periphery of the bearing platform. According to the measurement device, the problem that a long-term test problem with high observation efficiency is difficult to carry out in a trunk breath process in the field for a long time is solved, the automation capability of plant trunk CO2 flux observation processes according to time scales such as day and night, seasonal variation and the like is greatly improved, manpower investment is lowered, and valuable data is provided for researches on trunk breath, carbon cycle of forest ecosystems, etc.

The invention provides an industrialized one-step method for degreasing housefly larvae protein powder, comprising the following steps of: (1) collecting larvaes, cleaning intestines, and removing remained feed with NaCl solution; (2) carrying out heat treatment to the larveaes for denaturation; (3) squeezing the larvaes and drying larvae slurry; (4) grinding the dried larvae slurry; and (5) removing larvae fat from the larvae slurry powder by using a supercritical CO2 extraction device, wherein the extract is separated from solution only once and conditions of the method are follows: extraction pressure is 20-35MPa, extraction temperature is 31-45 DEG C, extraction time is 1-4 hours, CO2 flux is 10-30kg / h and separation pressure is 25-35 DEG C. In the method, a series of strict pretreatments are carried out to housefly larvaes, fat in larvae slurry powder is removed, and degreased housefly larvae composite protein powder with high quality and purity is obtain in one step. The degreased housefly larvae composite protein powder contains rich vitamins, trace elements and active peptides, besides protein with high quality and purity. The method solves the problem of degreasing housefly larvae protein.

The invention discloses a method for overlap welding of steel bars by adopting flux-cored CO2 gas shielded welding wires. The method is characterized in that an inverter type CO2 gas shielded welding machine is utilized as welding equipment, the ER501T-1 CO2 flux-cored gas shielded welding wires are adopted, and the steel bars are HRB335 ribbed steel bars with phi being 20mm-30mm. The method comprises the following steps that 1) the steel bars are overlapped, and spot welding is conducted on the overlapped steel bars; 2) root-layer welding is conducted on the overlapped weld joints of the steel bars, wherein an electric arc moves linearly, as for welding parameters, a welding current is 260A, a welding voltage is 23V, and welding speed is 35-40cm / min; 3) covering-layer welding is conducted on the root-layer weld joints, the electric arc moves in a zigzag mode, as for welding parameters, a welding current is 260A, a welding voltage is 23V, and welding speed is 25-35cm / min. The method can increase the welding speed, enhance rust resisting capability of the weld joints, prevent pore defects, and achieve the fact that cleaning does not need to be conducted in a welding process.

The invention discloses an MOF / PIM-1 in-situ crosslinked matrix membrane and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method for the MOF / PIM-1 in-situ cross-linked matrix membrane comprises the following steps: mixing and dissolving UIO-66-NH2, 1,4-dicyanotetrafluorobenzene, 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydroxy-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-1,10-spirodiacid, potassium carbonate and DMF, carrying out a reaction at70-80 DEG C for 12-72 h, and subjecting the obtained reaction liquid A to post-treatment to obtain a crosslinked product; dissolving the obtained crosslinked product in chloroform to obtain a viscoussolution, then uniformly and smoothly laying the viscous solution in a film forming apparatus, carrying out drying at room temperature for 24-36 hours to obtain to obtained a finished film, and subjecting the finished film to post-treatment to obtain the target product, i.e., the MOF / PIM-1 in-situ crosslinked matrix membrane. The CO2 flux of the MOF / PIM-1 in-situ crosslinked matrix membrane of theinvention is nearly doubled; the CO2 / CH4 selectivity of the MOF / PIM-1 in-situ crosslinked matrix membrane is increased to 31.9 compared with 12.3 of a PIM-1 membrane and 12.5 of a UiO-66-NH2 / PIM blend membrane; and the CO2 / N2 selectivity of the MOF / PIM-1 in-situ crosslinked matrix membrane is increased to 54.2 compared with 18.7 and 17.3 of the above two membranes.

The invention discloses a CO2 flux automatic monitoring system of a farmland ecosystem. The CO2 flux automatic monitoring system comprises a plurality of static visible boxes, automatic lifting machines and CO2 monitoring devices which are sleeved, wherein the CO2 monitoring devices are arranged in the static visible boxes and are used for detecting the CO2 concentration in the static visible boxes in real time; the automatic lifting machines are used for clamping the static visible boxes to adjust the heights of the boxes; the multiple static visible boxes and the automatic lifting machines which are sleeved are used for enabling the CO2 monitoring devices to detect the CO2 concentration at different heights. The CO2 flux automatic monitoring system has the characteristics of convenience for operation, continuity of monitoring and easiness in carrying and assembling, and can be used for monitoring the research on discharging of CO2 flux of the farmland ecosystem in different growing stages under different height conditions.

The invention discloses a high temporal-spatial resolution CO2 flux inversion system and method, and the system comprises an input module, an emission source diagnosis module, an atmospheric chemical transmission mode, an ensemble square root filtering assimilation unit, and is characterized in that an emission source diagnosis model is established according to a prior flux, an ensemble forecast CO2 concentration field and an ensemble average analysis field of CO2 flux at the same time every day in the previous M-1 days; an ensemble forecast flux is obtained; taking the ensemble forecast flux and the CO2 ensemble concentration analysis field as input fields of an atmospheric chemical transmission mode to obtain a CO2 ensemble concentration forecast field; the CO2 ensemble concentration forecast field, the CO2 ensemble flux forecast field, the observation variables and the CO2 ensemble concentration forecast field on the observation station are input into the ensemble square root filtering assimilation model for inversion, the method is high in estimation precision, the problem of underestimation of a prior source is effectively solved, and meanwhile, the flux uncertainty is reduced.

The invention provides a method for automatically and continuously measuring ammonia volatilization of farmlands. The method comprises the step of connecting a soil respirator for automatically and continuously measuring CO2 flux of soil with an ammonia gas analyzer for automatically measuring NH3 concentration in series to realize the automatic and continuous observation of field ammonia volatilization. According to the method, the soil respirator for automatically and continuously measuring CO2 flux of soil is connected with the ammonia gas analyzer for automatically measuring NH3 concentration in series to realize the automatic and continuous observation of field ammonia volatilization; complete daily dynamics and seasonal dynamics of farmland ammonia volatilization can be obtained through the continuous observation, which is beneficial for calculating ammonia volatilization amounts of farmlands; and the continuous observation can be utilized to better evaluate influences, on farmland ammonia volatilization, of fertilization, irrigation and meteorological factors.

The invention provides a space-based CO2 flux laser detection device. The space-based CO2 flux laser detection device comprises a laser module, a receiving and transmitting module and a resolving module. The laser module comprises a main laser, a first single-frequency laser, a second single-frequency laser and an optical switch. The optical switch is used for controlling alternate emission of output laser light of the first single-frequency laser and the second single-frequency laser. The receiving and transmitting module comprises an optical receiving and transmitting device and a servo system, and the optical receiving and transmitting device transmits output laser light to a measurement area and receives echo signals of the measurement area. The resolving module is used for performing signal processing and resolving according to the echo signals to obtain wind field profile information and CO2 concentration profile information of the measurement area, and performing calculation to obtain CO2 flux data. The space-based CO2 flux laser detection device provided by the invention is arranged on a space-based platform, and can be used for measuring the CO2 budget of the earth surface in a high-precision and high-reliability manner.

The invention relates to the field of ocean-atmosphere measurement, in particular to a watertight anti-pressure storehouse body for measuring ocean-atmosphere carbon dioxide flux. The storehouse body comprises a lower storehouse body and an upper storehouse body, wherein the lower storehouse body is arranged on the lower half part of the watertight anti-pressure storehouse body; the upper storehouse body is arranged on the upper half part of the watertight anti-pressure storehouse body; and a carbon dioxide partial pressure optical fiber chemical sensor sample cell, which is connected with the upper and lower storehouse bodies respectively, of an atmosphere passage, a carbon dioxide partial pressure optical fiber chemical sensor sample cell, which is connected with the upper and lower storehouse bodies respectively, of an ocean passage, and an electrical connecting passage which is connected with the upper and lower storehouse bodies respectively are arranged between the lower storehouse body and the upper storehouse body. The watertight anti-pressure storehouse body designed by the invention has a compact and simple structure, is convenient to mount, has high sealability and pressure resistance, can be sequentially released for a long time, and is suitable for an anchoring platform and an ocean-atmosphere CO2 flux measuring instrument which adopts CO2 partial pressure opticalfiber chemical sensors.

The invention discloses a composite membrane containing sulfonic acid functionalized hollow nano hydrogel, which is composed of polyoxyethylene-polycaprolactam segmented copolymer and functionalized hollow nano hydrogel, wherein the functional group of hollow nano hydrogel is sulfonate radicals. The preparation process of the composite membrane comprises the following steps: preparing the sulfonic acid functionalized hollow nano hydrogel, and preparing a polyoxyethylene-polycaprolactam segmented copolymer liquid; and adding the functionalized hollow nano hydrogel into the polyoxyethylene-polycaprolactam segmented copolymer liquid to get a membrane casting liquid for preparing the membrane. The composite membrane has the advantages of excellent membrane separation performance, simple preparation process and strong universality. When the composite membrane is used for separating a CO2 / CH4 gas mixture, the CO2 flux of the composite membrane is 2360 barrer, and CO2 / CH4 separation factor is 30; when the composite membrane is used for separating a CO2 / N2 gas mixture, the flux is 2583 barrer, and CO2 / N2 separation factor is 73.

The invention provides a method and system for obtaining urban CO2 gridding flux based on a satellite-borne laser radar. The method comprises the steps that: a reverse footprint of a designated three-dimensional space-time position is calculated through employing a Lagrange particle diffusion model, wherein the designated three-dimensional space-time position comprises the date, time, longitude, latitude and height; a prior CO2 gridding flux field and a space-time covariance of the prior CO2 gridding flux field are constructed by depending on existing man-made CO2 emission flux and biological CO2 flux; and a quantitative relationship between a flux field and a concentration field is established, and an optimized posterior CO2 gridding flux product is obtained by utilizing Bayesian inversion. According to the method, the 0.1-degree resolution CO2 gridding flux can be obtained by using atmospheric CO2 column concentration data detected by the satellite-borne laser radar. The method is suitable for CH4 gridding flux inversion of a spaceborne CH4 detection laser radar and gridding flux inversion of a ground-based laser radar greenhouse gas concentration product at the same time.

The invention relates to a CO2 flux measurement device used in intertidal wetland. The device comprises an infrared gas analyzer, a gas path and an erector, wherein the gas path is connected with the infrared gas analyzer, the erector is used for placing the infrared gas analyzer and the gas path, the gas path comprises a transparent water-touching cover and a wave protection pipe; a plurality of sharp angles are uniformly distributed on the lower edge of the water-touching cover; scales are arranged on the side wall of the water-touching cover; a level gauge is arranged on the water-touching cover; the other end of the wave protection pipe is connected with a carbon flux air chamber contact cover; the wave protection pipe is connected with a lifting rod at one side angle of the erector through a fixing ring; the erector comprises a table top and table legs; the table legs comprise fixed sections and stretching sections positioned inside the fixed sections; sharp ends are arranged at the front ends of the stretching sections; the fixed sections are connected with the stretching sections by virtue of a locking device. Based on mutual cooperation of the gas path and the erector as well as the infrared gas analyzer in the measuring device, the problem that the traditional CO2 flux measurement method for inland wetland is difficultly used for effectively measuring the intertidal wetland for a long time is solved, the high automation capability is realized, the operation is time-saving and labor-saving, and the aim of continuously measuring for a long time is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for identifying the effect of water logging events on the carbon flux of crop soil units, which includes the following steps: setting water logging scenarios for soilunits at different growth stages of crops; measuring the CO2 concentration of the soil units at different time periods under different water logging scenarios in different growth stages of crops; calculating the CO2 flux of the crop soil units according to the measured CO2 concentration, and drawing a change trend curve of CO2 flux under different water logging scenarios in different growth stagesof crops and a change trend curve of CO2 flux under natural conditions; and comparatively analyzing the two curves to quantitatively identify the effect of water logging events on the carbon flux ofthe crop soil units. The method focuses on CO2 flux, including the emission and absorption process of the soil units. The carbon source / sink problem of the crop soil units can be judged, and thus, a scientific support is provided for the study of the carbon source / sink problem of the farmland ecosystem.

The invention discloses a mixed matrix membrane based on an intercalated montmorillonite / Cu3 (BTC) 2 composite material as well as a preparation method and application of the mixed matrix membrane. According to the method, a metal organic framework material Cu3 (BTC) 2 is synthesized in situ in montmorillonite dispersion liquid, and then amination modification on montmorillonite is realized by adopting 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; the modified montmorillonite is added into a polyvinylamine solution to prepare a uniform membrane casting solution, the surface of a microfiltration membrane is coated with a layer of thin film,wherein the wet film of the thin film is 1-150 microns. According to the invention, the metal organic framework material Cu3 (BTC) 2 is inserted between the layers of montmorillonite, and the composite material is subjected to amination modification, so that a gas transmission and diffusion channel between the layers of the montmorillonite is regulated and controlled, and a large number of amino carriers are loaded; when the product is applied in mixed gas CO2 separation, more diffusion channels and more amino carriers capable of being subjected to reversible reaction with CO2 are provided for CO2 transmission, and higher CO2 flux and selectivity are achieved.

The invention provides an industrialized one-step method for extracting housefly larvae fat, comprising the following steps of: (1) collecting larvaes, cleaning intestines, and removing remained feed with NaCl solution; (2) carrying out heat treatment to the larveaes for denaturation; (3) squeezing the larvaes and drying larvae slurry; (4) grinding the dried larvae slurry; and (5) extracting larvae fat from the larvae slurry powder by a supercritical CO2 extraction device, wherein the extract and solution are subjected to separation twice, i.e., separation I and separation II, and the conditions of the method are follows: extraction pressure is 20-35MPa, extraction temperature is 31-45 DEG C, extraction time is 1-4 hours, CO2 flux is 10-30kg / h, pressure of the separation I is 25-35MPa, separation I temperature is 29-45 DEG C, separation II pressure is 5-7MPa, and separation II temperature is 25-35 DEG C. In the method, harmful substances and impurities in fat are automatically removed, larvae fat with high quality is obtained in one step, and the method is suitable for extracting and purifying larvae fat from tens to tons grams of material and effectively solves the problem of industrialized extraction of housefly larvae fat.

The invention provides a land carbon cycle assimilation method and system based on space-based CO2 flux data. The method comprises the following steps: determining an initial field of a land biosphere model; determining a CO2 flux forecast value at the moment t according to the land biosphere model; mapping the CO2 flux forecast value to an observation space through an observation operator to obtain a target CO2 flux forecast value at the moment t; calculating a CO2 flux assimilation analysis value according to the target CO2 flux forecast value at the moment t and the space-based CO2 flux data at the moment t, and determining the optimal estimation of the CO2 flux at the moment t; replacing the predicted value of the CO2 flux at the t moment with the optimal estimation of the CO2 flux at the t moment; repeatedly executing the steps at k moments where space-based CO2 flux data exist, respectively obtaining CO2 flux optimal estimations at the moments t + 1, 2,..., k, and replacing the CO2 flux predicted values at the moments t + 1, 2,..., k with the CO2 flux optimal estimations at the moments t + 1, 2,..., k. According to the method, the precision of CO2 flux simulation on global and regional scales can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a method for overlap welding of steel bars by adopting flux-cored CO2 gas shielded welding wires. The method is characterized in that an inverter type CO2 gas shielded welding machine is utilized as welding equipment, the ER501T-1 CO2 flux-cored gas shielded welding wires are adopted, and the steel bars are HRB335 ribbed steel bars with phi being 20mm-30mm. The method comprises the following steps that 1) the steel bars are overlapped, and spot welding is conducted on the overlapped steel bars; 2) root-layer welding is conducted on the overlapped weld joints of the steel bars, wherein an electric arc moves linearly, as for welding parameters, a welding current is 260A, a welding voltage is 23V, and welding speed is 35-40cm / min; 3) covering-layer welding is conducted on the root-layer weld joints, the electric arc moves in a zigzag mode, as for welding parameters, a welding current is 260A, a welding voltage is 23V, and welding speed is 25-35cm / min. The method can increase the welding speed, enhance rust resisting capability of the weld joints, prevent pore defects, and achieve the fact that cleaning does not need to be conducted in a welding process.