The invention discloses a single domain antibody for recognizing human serum albumin, CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 sequences with specific recognition effects, a fusion protein prepared from the amino acid sequences and polypeptide molecules or fragments of which at least one has a treatment function, a multispecific or multifunctional molecule containing the single domain antibody, a nucleic acid moleculefor coding the above amino acid sequences, a carrier containing the amino acid sequences, a protein or polypeptide, wherein the carrier is expressed by the expression system, and a host cell for expressing the any single domain antibody, fusion protein, multispecific or multifunctional molecule, nucleic acid sequences and carrier or protein or polypeptide. Through screening, the single domain antibody with high affinity is obtained, identifies specific human serum albumin, prolongs the half-life of biopharmaceuticals and is conducive to tumor treatment.