The invention belongs to the field of medical science, and provides a method which is used for preparing a silicosis cell model from a molecular level, is simple, and can accurately represent pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. The method comprises the specific steps: adopting silicious dust to stimulate alveolar macrophages cultured to a stationary period, after 24 h, collecting a supernatant, filtering, and removing bacteria; and adding the silicious dust and the alveolar macrophage supernatant into lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 cultured to a stationary period, jointly incubating lung epithelial cells with the two substances, and completing establishment of the silicosis cell model.