74results about How to "Simplify integration" patented technology

A monitoring apparatus useful in detecting viability of biological cells. A substrate defines a microscopic chamber. One or more microcantilevers extend from the substrate into the chamber. A detector is operatively connected to the microcantilevers for sensing a state of deformation thereof. On each microcantilevers is deposited a layer of an environmentally sensitive hydrogel polymer having a configuration changing in accordance with presence of an environmental parameter.

An air filled trench is formed underneath the waveguide to reduce propagation loss, which in turn allowing the waveguide to be in the close proximity of on-chip devices, such as a photodetector. The air filled trench is formed from the back side of the substrate; hence it would not disturb the integration and the formation of components on the front side of the substrate. In another embodiment, for silicon-on-insulator (SOI) based device, with an air filled trench and a metal electrode, a back gate is formed. In yet another embodiment, air filled trench also reduces the substrate loss of RF passive components and passive antenna operating in Giga Hertz range. Air filled trenches can be used for both photonic and electronic circuits in a planar lightwave circuit. Finally, another embodiment is for the trench to effectively guide gases and fluids to pass through the detection area.

Methods are disclosed for the simplification and integration of data from a diverse set of sources for environmental costs and societal benefit data. The methods allow for the computation of five basic metrics: material use, water use, energy use, toxics emitted, land use and overall pollutants emitted. Further, they facilitate the computation of complementary metrics, as well as the estimation of net present value of costs of unrealized environmental impacts.

Body or structural noise transmitted through a connector such as a strut, that connects a noise source, such as an engine, to an enclosure, such as a passenger cabin or cell of a helicopter, is suppressed by at least one piezoactuator which is excited to counteract any vibrations of the strut caused by body noise so that body noise vibrations are cancelled or at least substantially suppressed. The excitation of the piezoactuator is controlled in closed loop fashion in response to feedback signals from a sensor secured to the connector.

Methods are disclosed for the simplification and integration of data from a diverse set of sources for environmental costs and societal benefit data. The methods allow for the computation of five basic metrics: material use, water use, energy use, toxics emitted, land use and overall pollutants emitted. Further, they facilitate the computation of complementary metrics, as well as the estimation of net present value of costs of unrealized environmental impacts.

A fuel cell system includes a reformer producing hydrogen from fuel, a regulator for regulating the output pressure of the produced hydrogen, a fuel cell utilizing the produced hydrogen, a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen upstream of the pressure regulator, a temperature sensor for monitoring at least one temperature within the reformer, a pump for introducing the fuel into the reformer, a first controller for controlling the output current of the fuel cell, and a second controller for controlling at least the fuel introduction rate into the reformer. The introduction rate of the fuel is responsive to output hydrogen pressure from the reformer in order to maintain at least one temperature within the reformer above a minimum level, as well as maintaining the pressure of the delivered purified hydrogen above a set pressure. Further, the output current of the fuel cell is reduced responsive to the pressure of the purified hydrogen in order to maintain a minimum hydrogen pressure to the fuel cell.

The present invention concerns a method for replicating data of a database server (10) by at least one replication server (20), the method comprising the following steps performed by the at least one replication server (20):a. sending a database request (40) to the database server (10), wherein the database request (40) comprises metadata (421c, 421d) indicating replication data requested by the at least one replication server (20); andb. receiving a database response (40′) from the database server (10), wherein the database response (40′) comprises the requested replication data indicated by the metadata (421c, 421d).

A method of forming integrated circuits (IC) having at least one metal insulator metal (MIM) capacitor. A bottom electrode is formed on a predetermined region of a semiconductor surface of a substrate. At least one dielectric layer including silicon is formed on the bottom electrode, wherein a thickness of the dielectric layer is <1,000 A. A top electrode layer is formed on the dielectric layer. A patterned masking layer is formed on the top electrode layer. Etching using dry-etching at least in part is used to etch the top electrode layer outside the patterned masking layer to reach the dielectric layer, which removes ≦100 A of the thickness of the dielectric layer. The dry etch process includes using a first halogen comprising gas, a second halogen comprising gas that comprises fluorine, and a carrier gas.

A device for recording the pressure and the temperature in an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor being situated in a common housing, and an evaluation of a signal of the temperature sensor being provided outside the housing. An EMC protective circuit is provided in this context, which is integrated into the housing and / or is situated on the housing, and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor.

An array of fully isolated multi-junction complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) filterless color imager cells is provided, with a corresponding fabrication process. The color imager cell array is formed from a bulk silicon (Si) substrate without an overlying epitaxial Si layer. A plurality of color imager cells are formed in the bulk Si substrate, where each color imager cell includes a photodiode set and a U-shaped well liner. The photodiode set includes first, second, and third photodiode formed as a stacked multifunction structure, while the U-shaped well liner fully isolates the photodiode set from adjacent photodiode sets in the array. The U-shaped well liner includes a physically interfacing doped well liner bottom and first wall. The well liner bottom is interposed between the substrate and the photodiode set, and the first wall physically interfaces each doped layer of each photodiode in the photodiode set.

A cryogenic optoelectronic data link, comprising a sending module operating at a cryogenic temperature less than 100 K. An ultrasensitive electro-optic modulator, sensitive to input voltages of less than 10 mV, may include at least one optically active layer of graphene, which may be part of a microscale resonator, which in turn may be integrated with an optical waveguide or an optical fiber. The optoelectronic data link enables optical output of weak electrical signals from superconducting or other cryogenic electronic devices in either digital or analog form. The modulator may be integrated on the same chip as the cryogenic electrical devices. A plurality of cryogenic electrical devices may generate a plurality of electrical signals, each coupled to its own modulator. The plurality of modulators may be resonant at different frequencies, and coupled to a common optical output line to transmit a combined wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical signal.

An array of fully isolated multi-junction complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) filterless color imager cells is provided, with a corresponding fabrication process. The color imager cell array is formed from a bulk silicon (Si) substrate without an overlying epitaxial Si layer. A plurality of color imager cells are formed in the bulk Si substrate, where each color imager cell includes a photodiode set and a U-shaped well liner. The photodiode set includes first, second, and third photodiode formed as a stacked multi-junction structure, while the U-shaped well liner fully isolates the photodiode set from adjacent photodiode sets in the array. The U-shaped well liner includes a physically interfacing doped well liner bottom and first wall. The well liner bottom is interposed between the substrate and the photodiode set, and the first wall physically interfaces each doped layer of each photodiode in the photodiode set.

A novel and useful RF switch that comprises four transistors configured to have four operating states, wherein at any time at most one transistor is in ‘on’ state. The switch is an on-chip switch and is constructed in using CMOS processes and technology. The switch is optionally a double pole, double throw (DPDT) switch. The switch can be used in numerous mobile devices such as a cellular phone or in the handset or base station of a cordless phone. The switch optionally selects between two antennas and between transmitter and receiver circuits. Within the switch, at least one of the at least four transistors is optionally an N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor (NMOS) transistor. The switch can further comprise one or more logic control circuits providing biasing voltages to one or more of the transistors. Within the switch, the control circuit comprises logic components for providing appropriate biasing voltages to the drain, source and gate terminals of the transistors in the switch.

A device for acoustic communication and / or perception in a motor vehicle includes at least one microphone and at least one loudspeaker, which are assigned to a vehicle seat, the microphones taking the form of directional microphones, the at least one loudspeaker taking the form of a directional loudspeaker. A method is for improving the acoustic communication and / or perception in a motor vehicle.

Micro-optical elements (MOEs) are designed and fabricated onto transparent laser driver substrates to collimate or focus the beams from vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in accordance with specific application requirements. One disclosed example teaches the hybrid integration of a top-emitting 850 mm VCSEL array and a transparent sapphire substrate that supports a monolithic MOE with designated optical functionality. A flip-chipping hybridization technique ensures a realistic and reliable process. The VCSEL beams transmit directly through the MOE structure on the transparent sapphire substrate and become well-controlled optical outputs under precise specifications. The optical power loss in such a beam shaping process is minimized compared to configurations based on conventional optical components.

The present invention relates to a process for generating steam and recovering salts during a lignocellulosic conversion process. The process comprises de-salting a still bottoms stream; incinerating a stream comprising lignin and the de-salted still bottoms stream in an incinerator; and utilizing the heat generated from said incinerating to produce steam. Further provided is a process that comprises feeding a concentrated still bottoms stream to a crystallizer and forming insoluble solids therein comprising salts. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for recovering salts from a lignocellulosic conversion process, which process comprises the addition of solvent to a still bottoms stream to precipitate salts therefrom. Also provided is a still bottoms composition, a fertilizer product and a composition for incineration.

A hot water storage tank having features to minimize heat loss and improve stratification throughout the tank. The tank having an inner lid and outer lid. The tank having a bladder. A tank having a solar stratification input pipe, the solar stratification input pipe having one or more holes, the one or more holes allowing the fluid to exit the solar stratification input pipe at a level where the fluid is of similar density to the fluid in the tank maintaining stratification throughout the tank, and the solar stratification input pipe being located within the tank and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tank.

A data recovery circuit employing an oversampling technique. The incoming serial data stream with jitter is oversampled by means of the multiple phases of a reference clock to produce data samples. Each sample is compared to the samples collected with the next clock phase in an edge detector circuit to determine the presence of a data edge. The edge information, representative of the data edge positions, is stored and accumulated in the form of a bit map. A detection / suppression circuit detects and suppresses edges which are not adjacent to any other edge in the edge memory. A selection determination circuit uses the edge information to indicate which sample is the farthest from the data edges. A selection validation circuit validates the selection to avoid false determination due to jitter and skew.

A dual-pixel full color complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imager is provided, along with an associated fabrication process. Two stand-alone pixels are used for three-color detection. The first pixel is a single photodiode, and the second pixel has two photodiodes built in a stacked structure. The two photodiode stack includes an n doped substrate, a bottom photodiode, and a top photodiode. The bottom photodiode has a bottom p doped layer overlying the substrate and a bottom n doped layer cathode overlying the bottom p doped layer. The top photodiode has a top p doped layer overlying the bottom n doped layer and a top n doped layer cathode overlying the top p doped layer. The single photodiode includes the n doped substrate, a p doped layer overlying the substrate, and an n doped layer cathode overlying the p doped layer.

An apparatus and system for providing wireless access to packet data networks and value-added services is disclosed. The wireless access integrated node (WAIN) offers a simplified internal architecture which eliminates unnecessary intermediate protocols contained in a multi-node hierarchical network architecture while still supporting the main functions of standard mobile networks and preserving standard external interfaces. The WAIN is essentially an integrated network element that provides local radio coverage and complements the capability of the public wireless network. The WAIN can automatically configure itself to minimize interference and achieve optimal performance.

A method and system for high temperature fuel cell system or electrolysis cell are disclosed which include recirculating a fraction of gas exhausted from at least one of sides an anode side and a cathode side; accomplishing a desired flow rate of the recirculated flow by using an ejector via at least one primary feedstock fluid to a nozzle of the ejector, which nozzle has a convergent-divergent flow channel through which fluid is expanded from an initial higher pressure to lower pressure; providing supplementary fluid to the nozzle of the ejector; regulating respective ratio of the fluids of the ejector to maintain a desired motive flow and pressure at the nozzle of the ejector in order to accomplish desired recirculated flow rate; and cutting off the supplementary fluid when a level of system loading is the primary feedstock fluid alone maintains desired flow and pressure at ejector inlet.

An electrical connecting system is described for contacting an electronic module with multiple printed conductors of a flexible printed circuit. The printed conductors are enclosed between a lower and an upper cover film, and the electronic module has at least one circuit board hich is embedded in a plastic housing. According to the invention, the electronic module has at least one contact spring. A first end section of the contact spring is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the circuit board via a connecting point, and a second end section of the contact spring has two legs which extend in a U shape, between which a printed conductor is situated. An electrical contact which is less susceptible to failure results on both sides between the contact spring and the printed conductor. Also described is an electrical connecting system in which the printed conductor is electrically contacted on one side, and instead of at least one one-piece contact spring, in each case a connecting piece and a spring clip are present. The electrical connecting systems allow an electrically reliable connection to be established which is also sufficiently capable of withstanding mechanical load, by simply inserting the printed circuits into the contact springs, or between the connecting pieces and the spring clips in the electronic modules.

A dual-pixel full color complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imager is provided, along with an associated fabrication process. Two stand-alone pixels are used for three-color detection. The first pixel is a single photodiode, and the second pixel has two photodiodes built in a stacked structure. The two photodiode stack includes an n doped substrate, a bottom photodiode, and a top photodiode. The bottom photodiode has a bottom p doped layer overlying the substrate and a bottom n doped layer cathode overlying the bottom p doped layer. The top photodiode has a top p doped layer overlying the bottom n doped layer and a top n doped layer cathode overlying the top p doped layer. The single photodiode includes the n doped substrate, a p doped layer overlying the substrate, and an n doped layer cathode overlying the p doped layer.

A system to be fitted on an automotive vehicle for injecting reactants in an exhaust line of an engine of the vehicle includes a source of a liquid precursor of ammonia, a source of gaseous ammonia, an injection assembly designed to be fitted on the exhaust line and to inject liquid precursor and / or gaseous ammonia inside the exhaust line, the injection assembly including a single injector body to be fitted on the exhaust line, the injector body having a first inlet for the liquid precursor, a second inlet for the gaseous ammonia, and at least one outlet for injection inside the exhaust line.

The present invention relates to a process for generating steam and recovering salts during a lignocellulosic conversion process. The process comprises de-salting a still bottoms stream; incinerating a stream comprising lignin and the de-salted still bottoms stream in an incinerator; and utilizing the heat generated from said incinerating to produce steam. Further provided is a process that comprises feeding a concentrated still bottoms stream to a crystallizer and forming insoluble solids therein comprising salts. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for recovering salts from a lignocellulosic conversion process, which process comprises the addition of solvent to a still bottoms stream to precipitate salts therefrom. Also provided is a still bottoms composition, a fertilizer product and a composition for incineration.

A method, system, and computer program product are disclosed for exchanging data among data processing systems. The method may comprise transmitting a first data structure from an originating system in the format native to such system to a management component; identifying a target system for receiving the first data structure; transmitting the first data structure from the management component to an autonomous component as a function of the target system; and comparing the first data structure to a set of data templates in order to identify a matching data template. If a matching data template is identified, the method further may comprise generating a second data structure according to the matching data template in the format native to the target system. If no matching data template is identified, the method further may comprise generating a new data template and generating the second data structure according to the new data template.

One or more fixed-orientation fanned laser beams and one or more displacement measurement devices to precisely measure the orientation of a payload platform are disclosed in a metrology system and method. The measurement devices may be distributed at locations across a payload platform such that displacement changes of these devices can be used to accurately determine platform pointing. Laser beam transmitters may be fixed in the same reference block to which a spacecraft attitude sensor is mounted. Fanned laser beams are transmitted from these sources to the measurement devices so that their displacements can be determined with respect to the plane of the fanned beams and thereby with respect to the spacecraft attitude sensor. Only a small number of fixed laser beams are needed to achieve precision measurements at a reduced cost, weight and power, and with increased system reliability and simplified system integration.

An imaging scan engine includes both a solid-state camera and an illumination source in the same package. The scan engine unit simplifies the integration of swipe imaging components into new and existing scanners.