The invention discloses a
flame-retardant cellulosic
fiber and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparation of
flame-retardant
cellulose ester and preparation of the
flame-retardant cellulosic
fiber, wherein in the step of preparing flame-retardant
cellulose ester,
cellulose with a certain
degree of polymerization is dissolved into a N,N-
dimethylacetamide /
lithium chloride or
ionic liquid solvent, a flame retardant containing carboxyl is added, the components are stirred, a
sulfonyl chloride compound serving as an activating agent is added, and the reaction is carried out at 30-80 DEG C for 12-48 hours to prepare the flame-retardant cellulose ester, wherein the
mass ratio of the cellulose to the
solvent is 1:99 to 25:75, the
molar ratio of the cellulose to the flame retardant is 1:1 to 1:6, and the
molar ratio of the flame retardant to the activating agent is 1:1; in the step of preparing the flame-retardant cellulosic
fiber, the product is blended with
cellulose acetate or cellulose, and then the flame-retardant cellulosic fiber is prepared by a dry-wet
spinning process, wherein the concentration of
spinning liquid is 12-30 percent, and the
mass ratio of the flame-retardant cellulose ester to
cellulose acetate or cellulose is 5:1 to 29:1. The flame-retardant cellulosic fiber is high in
thermal stability and has a flame-retardant effect permanently; during flame retardance,
toxic gas is not generated, and an environment protection requirement is met.