509results about How to "Increase synthesis" patented technology

A steam methane reforming method in which a feed stream is treated in a reactor containing a catalyst that is capable of promoting both hydrogenation and partial oxidation reactions. The reactor is either operated in a catalytic hydrogenation mode to convert olefins into saturated hydrocarbons and/or to chemically reduce sulfur species to hydrogen sulfide or a catalytic oxidative mode utilizing oxygen and steam to prereform the feed and thus, increase the hydrogen content of a synthesis gas produced by a steam methane reformer. The method is applicable to the treatment of feed streams containing at least 15% by volume of hydrocarbons with two or more carbon atoms and/or 3% by volume of olefins, such as a refinery off-gas. In such case, the catalytic oxidative mode is conducted with a steam to carbon ratio of less than 0.5, an oxygen to carbon ratio of less than 0.25 and a reaction temperature of between about 500° C. and about 860° C. to limit the feed to the steam methane reformer to volumetric dry concentrations of less than about 0.5% for the olefins and less than about 10% for alkanes with two or more carbon atoms.

This invention provides methods of obtaining novel polynucleotides and encoded polypeptides by use of non-stochastic methods of directed evolution (DirectEvolution(TM)). These methods include non-stochastic polynucleotide site-saturation mutagenesis (Gene Site Saturation Mutagenesis(TM)) and non-stochastic polynucleotide reassembly (GeneReassembly(TM)). Through use of the claimed methods, genetic vaccines, enzymes, and other desirable molecules can be evolved towards desirable properties. For example, vaccine vectors can be obtained that exhibit increased efficacy for use as genetic vaccines. Vectors obtained by using the methods can have, for example, enhanced antigen expression, increased uptake into a cell, increased stability in a cell, ability to tailor an immune response, and the like. This invention provides methods of obtaining novel enzymes that have optimized physical &/or biological properties. Furthermore, this invention provides methods of obtaining a variety of novel biologically active molecules, in the fields of antibiotics, pharmacotherapeutics, and transgenic traits.

Cytochrome b5 (Cb5) is a haem-binding protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the outer mitochondrial membranes of higher eukaryotes. In higher plants, animals, and fungi, the ER resident Cb5 has been shown to play a role in desaturation of acyl CoA fatty acids. Higher plants Cb5 isoforms from plants such as soybean or Arabidopsis are capable of modulating omega-3 desaturation. Co-expression of certain Cb5 isoforms with FAD3 in a host plant results in increased production of seed oil content as well as altered ratio between different fatty acids. It is also disclosed here that overexpression of Yarrowia ACL enzymes in the plastids of a host plant helps boost the synthesis of acetyl CoA, which in turn, may lead to increased synthesis of fatty acids and enhanced oil accumulation in the seeds.

The present invention relates to kits and methods for efficiently generating 5′ capped RNA having a modified cap nucleotide and for use of such modified-nucleotide-capped RNA molecules. The invention is used to obtain novel compositions of such modified-nucleotide-capped RNA molecules. In particular, the present invention provides kits and methods for capping RNA using a modified cap nucleotide and a capping enzyme system, such as poxvirus capping enzyme. The present invention finds use for in vitro production of 5′-capped RNA having a modified cap nucleotide and for in vitro or in vivo production of polypeptides by in vitro or in vivo translation of such modified-nucleotide-capped RNA for a variety of research, therapeutic, and commercial applications. The invention also provides methods and kits for capturing or isolating uncapped RNA comprising primary RNA transcripts or RNA having a 5′-diphosphate, such as RNA synthesized in vitro or obtained from a biological source, including prokaryotic mRNA that is in a mixture with other prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic nucleic acids. The method for capturing modified-nucleotide-capped RNA also provides methods and kits for obtaining only type-specific or condition-specific modified-nucleotide-capped RNA by cap-dependent subtraction of that portion of the captured modified-nucleotide-capped RNA in cells of one type or condition that is the same as RNA in cells of another type or condition. The invention further provides methods and kits for using a capping enzyme system and modified cap nucleotides for labeling uncapped RNA comprising primary RNA transcripts or RNA having a 5′-diphosphate with detectable dye or enzyme moieties.

The invention relates to apparatus and method for ultrasonically and electromagnetically treating tissue to treat, for example, traumatized tissue or a bone injury. The apparatus includes at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly and at least one electromagnetic coil-assembly configured to cooperate with a placement module for placement in proximity to the treatment area. The apparatus also utilizes a portable main operating unit constructed to fit within a pouch or carrying case worn by the patient. In operation, at least one ultrasonic transducer and at least one electromagnetic coil are activated by transmitting control signals to the placement module from the main operating unit. The activation of the at least one ultrasonic transducer causes ultrasonic waves to be propagated toward the treatment area which are modulated by electrostatic and magnetic forces generated by the at least one electromagnetic coil. The activation of the at least one ultrasonic transducer and the at least one electromagnetic coil may be performed at the same time or at different times for varying periods.

Compositions comprising allantoin and an acceptable carrier and methods of using such compositions to increase pro-collagen synthesis in skin are disclosed. Compositions of the present invention may be used to decrease the signs of skin aging such as wrinkles and fine lines. Compositions of the present invention may be topically administered, orally administered or parenterally, such as administration by injection. When topically administered, additive ingredients such as penetration enhancers, fragrances, and moisturizers and cosmetic adjuvants may be included in compositions of the present invention.

The invention relates to a bio-organic compound fertilizer, which comprises the following components in part by weight: 10 to 30 parts of organic matter, 2 to 10 parts of compound microbial inoculants, 5 to 20 parts of humic acid, 5 to 20 parts of amino acid, 4 to 10 parts of chitin, 1 to 5 parts of polypeptide, 530 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 5 to 10 parts of secondary and trace elements, 5 to 15 parts of algae fertilizer, 5 to 10 parts of zeolite powder and 1 to 5 parts of synergistic agent. Through the scientific and rational formula, the bio-organic compound fertilizer achieves nutritive equilibrium and can satisfy the need of crop growth in nutrient. The microbial inoculants are added to quickly degrade natural macromolecular organic compounds into the organic fertilizer and decompose organic pollutants, which effectively improves the capacity of crops in the absorption of nutrient components, reduces the waste of the fertilizer and reduces the damage of the chemical fertilizer to soil to further achieve the nutritive equilibrium, satisfy the need of the crop growth in the nutrient, achieve the aims of low investment and high output value, improve the quality of the crops and improve the economic benefit brought by the crops.

Disclosed is a composition comprising at least two of the following ingredients: Magnolia extract, honokiol, humulus lupulus extract, hesperidin methyl chalcone, gotu kola, dipeptide valyl-tryptophane, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3, corylus avellana bud extract, centella asiatica extract, cucumis sativa extract, morus alba extract, hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract, vitis vinifera extract, ascorbyl glucoside, citrus medica limonum extract, avena sativa kernel extract, hydrolyzed soy protein, aniseed myrtle extract, tasmania lanceolata leaf extract, artemisia abrotanum extract, or citrus grandis fruit extract or any combination thereof. Also disclosed are methods of treating skin conditions by topically applying the composition to skin.

The invention provides methods, kits, and compositions for enhancing synthesis of DNA involving a carboxylate ion-supplying substance that is effective in promoting DNA synthesis in enzymatic DNA synthesis reactions. The invention further provides a thermostable DNA polymerase-related factor derived from Thermococcus species, which has an activity to promote the DNA synthesis activity of DNA polymerase or which binds to DNA polymerase.

RNA prepared by in vitro transcription using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-generated template can be introduced into a cell to modulate cell activity. This method is useful in de-differentiating somatic cells to pluripotent, multipotent, or unipotent cells; re-differentiating stem cells into differentiated cells; or reprogramming of somatic cells to modulate cell activities such as metabolism. Cells can also be transfected with inhibitory RNAs, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) or micro RNA (miRNA), or combinations thereof to induce reprogramming of somatic cells. For example, target cells are isolated from a donor, contacted with one or more RNA's causing the cells to be de-differentiated, re-differentiated, or reprogrammed in vitro, and administered to a patient in need thereof. The resulting cells are useful for treating one or more symptoms of a variety of diseases and disorders, for organ regeneration, and for restoration of the immune system.

Compositions and methods are provided for the enhanced in vitro synthesis of polypeptides. In order to improve the performance of in vitro protein synthesis reactions, metabolic inhibitors, or manipulation of a source organism, is used to diminish or avoid the action of enzymes responsible for undesirable amino acids production or depletion. A homeostatic system may be used for production of ATP, where the required high energy phosphate bonds are generated in situ, e.g. through coupling with an oxidation reaction. The homeostatic energy source will typically lack high energy phosphate bonds itself, and will therefore utilize free phosphate in the reaction mix during generation of ATP. The homeostatic energy source is provided in combination with an enzyme that catalyzes the creation of high energy phosphate bonds and with an enzyme that can use that high energy phosphate bond to regenerate ATP.

A topical skin care composition comprising kakadu plum extract or acai berry extract, or a combination of both, is disclosed. The composition can include a high oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value. The composition can improve the skin's visual appearance, physiological functions, clinical properties, and/or biophysical properties.

A photo-thermal therapeutic device having an outer housing that can be used to treat patients. A plurality of light emitting diodes and resistors are resiliently mounted in the housing. The resilient mounting of the diodes and resistors allow the device to conform and provide effective treatment of almost any surface of the body of a user.

A dialog processing method and apparatus for uninhabited air vehicles is described. The apparatus contains a recognition unit for recognizing incoming data, an interpretation unit for interpreting the data according to a grammar and a response unit for generating an appropriate response to the incoming data. The method may utilize natural language processes and may reduce to a finite state machine. The incoming data is combined with uninhabited air vehicle state information to increase the accuracy of this interpretation. Additionally, the dialog states may be limited to customary air traffic control dialogs.

Disclosed is a topical skin care composition that includes water, silymarin, hydrolyzed algin, palmitoyl tripeptide 8, ceramide 2, pomegranate extract comprising pomegranate sterols, glycerin, disodium EDTA, caprylic/capric triglyceride, shea butter, C12-15 alcohols benzoate, dimethicone, glyceryl stearate and PEG 100 stearate, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid, butylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, and (s) a mixture of acrylamide/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, isohexadecane, and polysorbate 80.

A composition of bio-active compounds and methods for facilitating and supporting the metabolism and transport of glucose and carbohydrates into muscle cells, promoting muscle function and growth, promoting glycogen synthesis, enhancing glucose disposal, stimulating pancreatic beta cells, promoting metabolic recovery, promoting muscle recovery, promoting lean body mass, and promoting fat burning. Preferably, the composition of bio-active compounds includes a combination of 4-hydroxyisoleucine with at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of arginine, aspartate, threonine, serine, glutamate, proline, glycine, alanine, cysteine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, ornithine, lysine, histidine, gamma-amino butyrate and tyrosine. In one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combination is derived, isolated, and/or extracted from fenugreek seeds. Methods for using a novel composition of bio-active compounds from fenugreek seed for facilitating and supporting the metabolism and transport of glucose and carbohydrates into muscle cells, promoting muscle function and growth, promoting glycogen synthesis, enhancing glucose disposal, stimulating pancreatic beta cells, promoting metabolic recovery, promoting muscle recovery, promoting lean body mass, and promoting fat burning are also disclosed, wherein methods comprise the steps of: (1) providing an effective amount of a composition of bio-active compounds derived, isolated, and/or extracted from fenugreek seeds; and (2) administering the composition to a human or animal.

Four genes, A622, NBB1, PMT, and QPT, can be influenced for increasing nicotinic alkaloid levels in Nicotiana plants, as well as for synthesizing nicotinic alkaloids in non-nicotine producing plants and cells. In particular, overexpressing one or more of A622, NBB1, PMT, and QPT may be used to increase nicotine and nicotinic alkaloid levels in tobacco plants. Non-nicotine producing cells can be engineered to produce nicotine and related compounds by overexpressing A622 and

The present invention relates to the compositions that enhance post-exercise recovery processes to increase both strength and muscle mass, replace glycogen stores, and prevent inflammation, resulting in the prevention and/or reduction of delayed onset muscle soreness. Additionally, it provides a feeling of muscle relaxation as well as a feeling of mental tranquility immediately following exercise. The composition consists of any or all high-glycemic sugars and/or polysaccharides (e.g., sucrose, glucose, maltodextrin), all essential amino acids and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate and can include other amino acids sources (e.g. whey protein), performance enhancing agents (e.g., caffeine, L-glutamate), anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., ginger, boswellia, curcumen), antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, polyphenols,), insulin-mimicking agents (cinnamon, Banaba), analgesics (e.g. aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen), and to methods of treating humans and animals by administration of these novel compositions to humans and animals in need thereof.

Methods for generating synthetic data based on time dependent data with increased accuracy include decomposing a base dataset into a base dynamic component and at least one static component. Decomposing the base dataset includes applying a decomposition model to the base dataset. One or more embodiments generate a synthetic dynamic component based on the base dynamic component. One or more embodiments merge the synthetic dynamic component with the at least one static component to generate a synthetic dataset having at least some of the time dependent characteristics of the base dataset.

The present invention relates to a method that is useful for improving the appearance, texture and/or moisture of skin. In particular, the methods of the present invention comprise administering a composition comprising Chia Seed oil, Opuntia Ficus Indica extract, or both to stimulate collagen or hyaluronic acid synthesis, or decrease Interleukin-1b synthesis, in the skin.