76results about How to "Avoid uneven pressure" patented technology

The invention relates to a high-capacity combination type solar thermochemistry cascaded heat storage device and solar energy application. The high-capacity combination type solar thermochemistry cascaded heat storage device comprises a solar heat collector, a solid-gas chemical reactor, a refrigerant liquid storage device and a cooling towel. Three heat storage slat absorbing agents are filled inside the solid-gas chemical reactor. Under the same working pressure, desorption equilibrium temperatures of the three heat storage salt absorbing agents decrease gradually in the flowing direction of heat exchanging fluid and the three heat storage salt absorbing agents are distributed in a cascaded mode. Thermochemistry absorption heat storage is utilized, and multiple reaction salts of different temperature zones are adopted so that the defect that in an existing solar energy thermochemistry heat storage device, reactants cannot conduct thermal decomposition reaction at a certain moment due to the fact that the temperature of collected solar heat energy is low is overcome. Therefore, a novel solar energy thermochemistry cascaded heat storage technology can reduce the influences of solar energy time volatility and can be better matched with solar heat energy, and high-efficiency heat storage of the solar heat energy can be realized through the cascaded combination of the heat storage reaction slats of different temperature zones.

The invention discloses a three-level inverter, comprising a first direct current source, a second direct current source, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, and a sixth switch tube. The first switch and the fourth switch are high-speed IGBTs. The second switch tube, the third switch tube, the fifth switch tube and the sixth switch tube are low-speed IGBTs. The beneficial effects of the invention are that through the configuration of the IGBTs of different switching characteristic parameters, system losses are reduced, and the conversion efficiency of the inverter is improved; and in addition, the outer tube adopts the MOSFET to withstand the main switching losses, thereby increasing the switching speed and reducing the switching losses, and the problem of poor reverse recovery characteristics of a MOSFET built-in body diode is solved through an additional diode.

The invention discloses a magneto-rheological semi-active damper with adjustable stiffness. The damper comprises an outer annular cylinder fixed on the inner wall of a container and an inner cylinder;scrollable balls are arranged between the lower portion of the inner cylinder and a bottom plate of the device, and the inner cylinder and the outer annular cylinder are filled with a magneto-rheological liquid respectively; hollow spring pipes are connected between the cylinder walls of the inner cylinder and outer annular cylinder, the inner cylinder and the outer annular cylinder are communicated with each other through the hollow spring pipes, the magneto-rheological liquid can flow in the inner cylinder and the outer annular cylinder through the hollow spring pipes, the outer portions ofthe spring pipes are provided with magnet exciting coils, the magnet exciting coils, controllers and a solar panel arranged at the outer side of the upper portion of the container are connected in series to form a closed loop circuit, the controllers receive signals of acceleration sensors to control the current in the magnet exciting coils, thereby adjusting the stiffness of the hollow spring pipes and achieving the horizontal damping control; limiting plates are arranged between the outer annular cylinder and the inner cylinder to prevent the inner cylinder from being displaced too much; damping nets are arranged in the outer annular cylinder, and the torsion damping control is achieved through damping force.

A film-covered electrical device packaging system of the present invention includes frame member (10) which holds film covered battery (1) by an outer periphery portion of film covered battery (1) and which has a portion thicker than the thickness of power generation element (2), and in which waste gas channel (10i) is formed in a position corresponding to gas discharger (8), and first pressure plate (20) which sandwiches frame member (10), in which penetrating portion (22) is formed in a position corresponding to waste gas channel (10i), and in which gas guide groove (21) communicating from through holes (22) to sidewall face (24) is formed.

The fixing and measuring compressor for soft X-ray mammary gland photography is in box-shaped, and includes a front vertical surface to close the breast wall and box bottom serving as the mammary gland compressing surface. It features the mammary gland compressing surface so shaped to fit the physiological curve of mammary gland. Shaping the compressing surface of compressor as the arc surface to fit the physiological curve of womení»s mammary gland results in well contact to the mammary gland surface during mammary gland examination, dispersed and homogeneous pressure distribution, reduced pressure to and pain of the patient under examination, raised X-ray image quality and raised diagnosis accuracy.

A therapeutic apparatus for therapeutically treating an individual, which includes an upper support, a frame for supporting an inner working assembly and attaching thereto lobe and seat lever controls and a switch panel for motor control, and a structural base for supporting the upper support and frame and attaching thereto a leg rest. The inner working assembly includes rightward and leftward segments each having fore and aft lobes connected together by a hinge mechanism and in part by a flexible guide rail and a plurality of roller assemblies each connected to chains to propel the roller assemblies, with the assistance of the motor, over the flexible guide rails. The lobe lever control changes the geometric profile of the flexible guide rails to correspond with the individual's spine, whereas the seat lever control changes the position of an adjustable lower support to allow the roller assemblies to motion the pelvic region upward and downward and inward and outward to effect traction of the spine.

The embodiment of the invention provides an in-situ adsorption testing device for rock core gas and a working method of the in-situ adsorption testing device. The device comprises a constant-temperature tank for providing a required testing temperature, wherein a sample tank, a first pressure transmitter and a pressure loader are arranged in the constant-temperature tank, a gas adding device and a stress loading device are arranged outside the constant-temperature tank, and the sample tank is used for containing a to-be-tested rock core sample; the gas adding device is used for injecting testing gas into the sample tank until the pressure in the sample tank reaches a preset testing pressure value; the first pressure transmitter is used for acquiring the pressure and temperature data of the sample tank; the stress loading device is used for supplying pressure to the stress loading device; the pressure loader is used for converting the pressure supplied by the stress loading device into confining pressure and axial pressure which are supplied to the rock core sample in the sample tank. According to the embodiment, the confining pressure and the axial pressure are increased when the temperature and the gas pressure are considered, the test conditions are accordant with in-situ adsorption states of coal rock and shale, so that the accuracy of an adsorption test measuring result is increased.

The invention discloses a laminating device which is used for laminating a flexible panel and a curved surface cover plate and comprises a first jig and a second jig; the first jig is used for fixingthe curved surface cover plate, the second jig is arranged opposite to the first jig, the second jig comprises an elastic curved surface, the shape of the elastic curved surface is matched with the shape of the curved surface cover plate, and the elastic curved surface is used for being attached to and fixing the flexible panel; the second jig comprises a rolling roller, and the elastic curved surface makes contact with the rolling roller so as to generate elastic deformation under extrusion of the rolling roller, so that the flexible panel and the curved surface cover plate are attached and fixed. According to the invention, the flexible panel and the curved surface cover plate are contacted and attached in sequence, so that the risk that the curved surface cover plate generates bubbles at fillets is reduced; in addition, due to the fact that the attaching method of the flexible panel and the curved surface cover plate is linear contact in the attaching process, it is guaranteed thatthe attaching pressure is uniform, and the problem that the attaching pressure of a traditional silica gel PAD (jig) is not uniform is solved.

The present invention relates to an optical-fibre end face grinding equipment for combining optical-fibre to be ground. It includes a self-body with fixed groove. Said fixed groove can be used for containing a fixed rod, a supporting frame is combined on the upper end of said fixed rod. Said self-body is combined with several clamps, every clamp is combined with a collar. Besides, said invention also provides the concrete structure of said fixed rod, and provides the application method of said grinding equipment to raise grinding speed and quality.

The invention relates to the technical field of tea processing, and discloses a flattening device for tea processing for improving the pressing effect by utilizing the vibration effect. The flatteningdevice comprises a shell, and a limiting frame is fixedly connected to the interior of the shell; a rotating frame rotates to enable a rotating plate to intermittently rotate by 360 degrees, a powersource is provided for subsequent vibration operation, the rotating plate rotates to enable a first rotating disc to intermittently rotate in a reciprocating manner, a vibration plate continuously moves up and down, and the tea leaves on the vibration plate are vibrated and are uniformly spread so as to avoid the condition that: because of uneven distribution of the tea leaves, the tea leaves arenot uniformly pressed, some regions are too loose, other regions are too compact, and the tea leaf pressing quality is poor. A second rotary disc rotates to enable a second gear to intermittently rotate by 360 degrees, a power source is provided for subsequent pressing operation, the second gear rotates to enable a pressing plate to move up and down, the pressing plate moves downwards to get closeto the vibration plate, the evenly-distributed tea leaves are automatically pressed, and the high automation degree is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for improving a curing forming quality of an L-shaped composite material laminated plate. The method comprises the following steps that (1), an elastomer material is selected, and an elastomer buffer flexible film is manufactured according to the contour dimension of a component; (2) vent holes are uniformly formed in the elastomer buffer flexible film in the thickness direction after the elastomer buffer flexible film is formed; and (3) the L-shaped composite material component is prepared, a prepreg laminated layer is paved on a rigid die according to the paving ratio, the outer surface of the laminated layer is covered with the prepared elastomer buffer flexible film, and a vacuum bag pressing method or a drying oven is adopted for curing and forming according to the set temperature and pressure curves. According to the method, the pressure borne by a part with the curvature of the composite material component in the forming process can be balanced through the introduction of the elastomer buffer flexible film, fibers can be prevented from generating micro-bending in the forming process, fiber wrinkles are prevented from being generated on the surface of the composite material laminated plate, and therefore the surface quality of the composite material laminated plate is improved, and the stability of the outer side dimension of the compositematerial component with the curvature is ensured.

The embodiment of the invention provides an imprinting roller in a nano imprinting device and the nano imprinting device, and relates to the technical field of nano imprinting. A roller body of the imprinting roller is filled with gas, and a pressure surface is made of a flexible material, so that the problem that an imprinting template is pressed unevenly in an imprinting process can be solved. The imprinting roller in the nano imprinting device comprises a roller shaft and the roller body sleeving the roller shaft, wherein the roller body comprises an inner side surface connected with the roller shaft, the pressure surface used to contact a to-be-pressed object, and a connecting surface for connecting the inner side surface and the pressure surface, a cavity formed by the inner side surface, the connecting surface and the surface pressure is filled with gas, and the pressure surface is made of a flexible material.

The invention relates to a dynamic-static positive-negative pressure loading experiment system and method for in-vitro cells. The system comprises a gas-source gas storage bottle, a pressure reduction valve, an electromagnetic gas valve, a filter, a diverter, a high-voltage buffering container, a normal-voltage buffering container, a high-voltage container, a low-voltage container, a vacuum pump, a compression pump, a pressure culture box, a digital display temperature transducer, a digital display pressure meter strap transducer, a data acquisition system, a driving control system, a heater and a water bath tank, wherein the gas-source gas storage bottle is connected with the pressure culture box through the pressure reduction valve, the electromagnetic gas valve, the filter and the pressure container; the pressure culture box is connected with the vacuum pump and the compression pump through the pressure container; and the pressure culture box is also connected with the data acquisition system and the driving control system through a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The dynamic and static positive-negative pressure loading experiment system can simulate an in-vivo mechanical environment of multiple cells in vitro, in particular a pressure environment of a temporal jaw joint cavity and supply a research platform to in-vitro research on a biomechanical response of in-vivo cells.

The invention discloses an all-electric partial discharge detection device and detection method. The device includes a high-voltage charging unit, a capacitance matrix unit, a voltage regulating unit,an inverting unit, a power electronic switch unit, an inductance matrix unit, a measuring unit and a host system. The output terminal of the high-voltage charging unit is connected with the input terminal of the capacitance matrix unit, and the high-voltage charging unit is used for providing power for the capacitance matrix unit. The output terminal of the capacitance matrix unit is connected with the input terminal of the voltage regulating unit, and the output terminal of the voltage regulating unit is connected with the input terminal of the inverting unit. The power electronic switch unit is connected in parallel between the two output terminals of the inverting unit. One output terminal of the inverting unit is grounded, and the other output terminal is connected in series with theinductance matrix unit. The inductance matrix unit is used for being connected with a tested product. The measuring unit is connected in parallel to the two ends of the tested product. The host systemis connected with the control pole of the switching element in each unit. No additional high-power power supply is needed, and the detection efficiency can be improved.

The invention discloses an air condensation structure which is a shell body. The air condensation structure comprises an air inlet and an air outlet of hot air. The air condensation structure further comprises an air inlet and an air outlet of cold air. An overlaying type heat exchanger is arranged in the air condensation structure. The overlaying type heat exchanger is plastic fins which are placed in a criss-cross mode. A frame of an inclosure structure is arranged on the outer portion of the overlaying type heat exchanger. The air condensation structure is high in heat efficiency and is provided with a filtering structure, a flushing structure and an air uniform structure, the problem that wire chips block an air way can be avoided, air flow is smooth and even, and the structure is simple.

A multipoint intelligent cement paste grouting system comprises a control mechanism A, a power mechanism B, an execution mechanism C and a feedback mechanism D, and the relations between these mechanisms are as follows: the control mechanism A is connected with the power mechanism B through a control line to regulate the output power of the power mechanism B; the control mechanism A is connected with the execution mechanism C through a control line to regulate the flow in a pipeline of the execution mechanism C; the control mechanism A is connected with the feedback mechanism D through a signal line and receives a feedback signal of the feedback mechanism D; the power mechanism B is directly connected with the execution mechanism through a grouting delivery pipeline, converts mechanical energy into pressure energy and inputs the pressure energy into the execution mechanism C; the feedback mechanism D is embedded in the execution mechanism C, acquires signal parameters of all parts of the execution mechanism C in real time and feeds back the signal parameters to the control mechanism A through a signal line. The system can realize the full-automatic working process, has quick response and high accuracy for grouting pressure and flow control and can records pressure and flow data in real time.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module airbag type load testing device. The device includes a workbench, fixed blocks are fixedly connected at both sides of the workbench top, a lower testing apparatus is mounted at the top of the fixed blocks, and the top of the lower testing apparatus is equipped with a module body. Through cooperative use of the workbench, the fixed blocks, a lower airbag, a first fixed plate, support columns, a controller, clamp plates, springs, clamp blocks, a module body, an upper airbag, a second fixed plate, baffle plates, a motor, a rotating shaft, a connectingshaft, a roller plate, a connecting rod, a sliding chute, a sliding rod, a sliding block, a pin, a support plate, the lower testing apparatus, an upper testing apparatus and a shock attenuation apparatus, the photovoltaic module airbag type load testing device provided by the invention solves the problem of uneven pressure caused by the contact pressure of inflated airbag edge and the test modulesmaller than a middle position in use, facilitates the use of a user, and improves the practicability of the airbag type load testing device.

The invention belongs to a low-cost manufacturing technology of a high-performance resin matrix composite material, and provides a die for RFI integral forming of a J-shaped composite material stiffened wall plate. The die comprises a stiffened inner side die A (1), a stiffened inner side die B (2), a stiffened outer side die (3), a skin outer shape die (4), a skin inner shape die (5), a transverse positioning beam (6), a positioning block (7), a pin sleeve (9), a plug pin (10) and a positioning pin (11). According to the die, the requirements for the wall plate forming quality, the profile and the position precision are guaranteed, the die demolding difficulty after curing is reduced, and meanwhile the die manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, and provides a capacitor clamping type direct-current conversion circuit which comprises a capacitor clamping type boost conversion module and a bypass module, wherein the input end of the bypass module is connected with the positive electrode of the input side of the capacitor clamping type boost conversion module, and the outputend of the bypass module is connected with a connection point of two diodes on a positive electrode branch in the capacitor clamping type boost conversion module and one end of the flying capacitor; therefore, if the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input side of the capacitor clamping type boost conversion module are short-circuited, the voltage across the two ends of the bypass module can be clamped at the voltage across the two ends of the flying capacitor, serious uneven voltage between the bypass module and a diode at the rear stage of the bypass module on the positivebranch is avoided, and the reliability of reverse cut-off of the capacitor clamping type direct-current conversion circuit can be ensured without an additional voltage-sharing circuit.

The invention provides a pressure control cell culture device for glaucoma research, and belongs to the technical field of cell culture. The device comprises a control mechanism and a culture mechanism, the control mechanism comprises a box body, a sleeve, a pull rod, a motor, a circular plate and an air pump, the pull rod is slidably installed in the sleeve, the two ends of the pull rod extend out of the sleeve, an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the box body to be connected with a second rotating wheel, the second rotating wheel is in transmission connection with a first rotating wheel through a belt, a rotating connector is arranged at the top of the circular plate, the top of the outer wall of the rotating connector is connected with the bottom of the pull rod, the output end of the air pump is connected with one end of a guide pipe, the other end of the guide pipe communicates with a cavity through the rotating connector, the culture mechanism comprises a culture box and a liquid inlet pipe, a containing cavity and a liquid storage cavity are formed in the culture box, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe extends out of the box body, and the device solves the problem that cells are pressed unevenly while adjusting air pressure.

The invention discloses a pressure-bearing detection device for a civil mechanics test. The bottom end of a first mounting plate is connected with an upper pressing block; limiting blocks are symmetrically installed at the position, located on one side of the upper pressing block, of one end of the connecting plate; a second mounting groove is formed in the middle of the base; a second mounting plate is mounted in the second mounting groove in an embedded manner; fastening bolts are mounted at the two ends of the second mounting plate at equal intervals; and a pressure-bearing plate is connected to the middle of the top end of the second mounting plate. The structure is scientific and reasonable, safe and convenient use, the first mounting groove and the first mounting plate are matched for use, the upper pressing block is convenient to install, the upper pressing block can be fixed through the limiting block, the phenomenon that detection data is wrong due to the fact that the upper pressing block shakes in the using process is avoided, meanwhile, through cooperative use of the second mounting groove and the second mounting plate, the pressure-bearing plate is convenient to mount,the pressure-bearing plate is ensured not to shake in the using process, and the upper pressing block and the pressure-bearing plate are convenient to overhaul and replace.

The invention discloses a composite conical section forming die pressurized by using a soft die. The forming die comprises a rubber soft die arranged between a die main body and a rigid outer die, andthe rubber soft die is used for pressurizing a composite prepreg section which corresponds to a flange thickening area and is laid on the die main body in the forming process. The rigid outer die isarranged at the exterior of the rubber soft die for limitation, and the inner side of the rubber soft die is a pressure relief surface, so that the expansion pressure of the soft die is consistent with the internal pressure of an autoclave; furthermore, the rubber soft die is formed by splicing circumferential sections, and forming pressure loss caused by internal tension of rubber in the pressingprocess is eliminated; and moreover, the inner side edge of the rubber soft die is located in the center of a wall thickness gradient area, so that a process boundary and a design boundary are staggered, and edge fiber buckling of the thickening area is avoided. In conclusion, the solid rubber soft die is designed for pressurization, and the problem that a large-wall-thickness corner position ofthe composite conical section is hard to compact is solved.

The invention discloses a three-level Boost converter, a control method and a photovoltaic system. The three-level Boost converter comprises an integrated coupling reactor, first to fourth switch tubes, and first and second capacitors; the integrated coupling reactor comprises a first winding, a second winding and a public magnetic core, and the first and second windings are both mounted on the public magnetic core. and the first end of the first winding and the first end of the second winding belong to a dotted terminal. According to the three-level Boost converter, the cost, size and weightof a converter are substantially reduced, and the problem that difference of a magnetic core body causes inconsistent saturation degree of the magnetic core is solved. The invention also provides a simultaneously switching ON / OFF control method which can be used to effectively solve the problem of unbalanced voltage of bus capacitors.

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, and discloses an explosion-proof valve opening pressure detection device. The explosion-proof valve opening pressure detection device comprises a detection body, an air inlet pipe, a pressure gauge and a buffer assembly. A cavity is formed in the detection body, and an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the detection body and communicates with the cavity; the air inlet pipe comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the air supply device, and the air outlet is communicated with the cavity; the pressure gauge is arranged on the detection body and is close to the anti-explosion valve; the buffer assembly is arranged between the air outlet and the pressure gauge. The explosion-proof valve and the pressure gauge are both arranged on the detection body, and the pressure gauge is arranged close to the explosion-proof valve, so that the pressure gauge can detect the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve more accurately, and the detection result is more accurate; the buffer assembly is arranged between the gas outlet of the gas inlet pipe and the pressure gauge and used for buffering gas entering the cavity through the gas inlet, and the detection accuracy of the pressure gauge is guaranteed.

The invention provides a testing device for working pressure inspection of a thin hydraulic rubber capsule and a test method thereof. The test device for working pressure inspection of the thin hydraulic rubber capsule includes a pressure bearing box, a top cover clamping plate, a base clamping plate and an auxiliary device. The pressure bearing box is placed in a center position between the top cover clamping plate and the base clamping plate through the auxiliary device, and is fastened and pressed by bolt fasteners passing through the corresponding bolt holes of the upper and lower clampingplates. The top cover clamping plate is provided with a pressure test hole and a pressure-filling hole, the pressure test hole is connected with the pressure meter, and the pressure-filling hole is externally connected with a hydraulic pump. The invention can carry out a pressure-filling test on the thin hydraulic rubber capsule, so as to test whether the capsule can reach a designed working pressure and keep the working state stable; and meanwhile, the invention can measure the maximum working pressure of the capsule, and check the tightness of the contact joints of each component.

The invention discloses a lubricating oil reaction kettle which comprises a reaction kettle, an oil inlet pipe and a hydrogen inlet pipe, wherein the reaction kettle comprises a reaction tank and multiple single elements; the multiple single elements are overlapped above the reaction tank; both the oil inlet pipe and the hydrogen inlet pipe lead into the reaction tank from the bottom of the reaction tank; multiple movable baffle plates are arranged in each single element; the single elements are hollow; a pressure sensor is connected to the inner side of the bottom of the reaction tank. Both the oil inlet pipe and the hydrogen inlet pipe lead into the reaction tank from the bottom of the reaction tank, and both the added oil inlet pipe and hydrogen inlet pipe are distributed upwards from the bottom. The pressure sensor arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the reaction kettle is adopted for monitoring, the movable baffle plate of the bottommost layer is opened when pressure is excessively high, the movable baffle plate of the second bottommost layer is opened if the pressure is still high, and so on. The movable baffle plates are opened or closed to regulate the pressure in the reaction kettle, so that the aim of controlling the pressure of a reaction system is fulfilled.

The invention relates to a medical device, in particular to a mesh fracture sleeve used in orthopedics for treating fractures. According to the design scheme provided by the present invention, the supporting body is tubular and can be covered on the limbs, and the veil of the fracture cover is woven into a net shape with meshes. Since the support body is soft before use, the so-called tubular shape here is not a tube in the true sense, but a tubular shape similar to socks. The shape of the mesh is polygonal or conic. The supporting body is in the shape of rectangle or trapezoid or conforming to the limb. The cross section of the support body is in a state of changing from top to bottom. The device can be operated conveniently and improves curative effect.

The invention discloses a pressurizing device and a pressurizing system of a Taiping kowkui tea machine. The pressurizing device comprises a tea filling tray (16), a rack (6) and an air cylinder (5) installed on the rack (6), wherein a piston rod of the air cylinder is provided with a threaded hole and is connected with a bulb screw rod (8); a bulb of the bulb screw rod (8) is matched with a ball socket end of a ball socket screw rod (10) mutually so as to form a ball socket joint; the ball socket screw rod (10) is connected to a round steel nut (11); the bottom of the round steel nut (11) is connected with a pressurizing plate. The pressurizing system of the tea machine comprises an air pump (1), a pressure-limiting valve (2) and an electromagnetic reversing valve (4), wherein an air source sequentially passes through the air pump, the pressure-limiting valve and the electromagnetic reversing valve, and enters the air cylinder; an opening A and an opening B of the electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively communicated with two air inlets of the air cylinder. According to the invention, tea leaves can be flattened by simulating a manual pressurizing technology, so that not only is the production efficiency ensured, but also the product quality can be ensured, and thus the processing technology of kowkui tea leaves is enhanced further.

The invention relates to a control method and device for a converter, and the method comprises the steps: superposing a voltage regulation control quantity on a voltage loop output control quantity ofa three-level converter power switch as a final control quantity of the three-level converter power switch; calculating the difference between a first voltage-dividing capacitor voltage and a secondvoltage-dividing capacitor voltage of the three-level converter, and performing the adjustment through a first adjuster to obtain the voltage adjustment control quantity. The voltages of the two voltage dividing capacitors of the three-level converter are collected, and the voltage loop output control quantity of the three-level converter power switch is corrected according to the voltage difference value of the two voltage dividing capacitors, so that the duty ratio of the power switch in the three-level converter is effectively changed, and the phenomenon of non-uniform voltage of the two voltage dividing capacitors is avoided.