Provided is an automatic robot for inspection of high air transmission lines, comprising two pairs of hand-paw mechanisms, two pairs of arm mechanisms and an engine base. The hand-paw mechanisms are composed of roller mechanisms, clamping mechanisms and wrist mechanisms and are capable of realizing that the robot slides along electric lines. In the process of obstacle navigation, the hand-paw mechanisms not only can clamp the electric lines but also can clamp a steel tower angle-bar. The arm mechanisms are connected with the hand-paw mechanisms and the engine base, being capable of realizing that the hand-paw mechanisms moves up and down relative to the engine, and driving hand-paws to rotate around a vertical shaft. Feed screw nuts arranged on the engine are capable of enabling the arms to parallel move along the length direction of an engine base guide rail. Elements of image collecting, controlling and driving are installed inside an electric equipment box and are hung under the guide rail, and the regulation of the integral center-of-gravity position of the robot can be realized through the parallel moving of the electric equipment box along the length direction of the guide rail. The invention is powerful, is convenient to realize moving, is capable of easily cross over all forms of tower frames, is adaptable with a wide range, and can actually realize the automatic inspection on a whole line.