The present invention provides an aging test device of an arrester. The aging test device of the arrester comprises a pedestal, and the pedestal is provided with a rail; the rail is provided with a placement table, power-on detection devices are arranged at two ends of the placement table, and the power-on detection devices, driven by clamping cylinders arranged at the back side of the power-on detection devices, are subjected to clamp; a temperature detection device is arranged above the rail, a lifting cylinder is disposed at the upper end of the temperature detection device, and the lifting cylinder drives the temperature detection device to close the arrester after the power-on detection devices are electrified for a while. An arrester is disposed on a placement table on a rail, power-on detection devices are configured to perform aging detection of the arrester, and a temperature detection device is configured to perform heat degree detection of the arrester after power on, so that the detection efficiency is improved; and the arrester is only needed to be disposed on the placement table to perform aging detection, so that the labor is saved and the work efficiency is improved.