The invention relates to a higher harmonic wave resonance and transient overvoltage suppression device for an AC traction electric network of an electric railway, which comprises a circuit breaker, an isolating switch, a capacitor, a resistor, a reactor and relay protection equipment, wherein a second-order damping filter circuit is normally arranged in a subzone at the end of a feeding section or in the middle thereof; when the suppression device is used in the 25 KV traction electric network, the second-order damping filter circuit is arranged between a contact system (T) and a steel rail (R), and when the suppression device is used in the 2 is multiplied by 25 KV traction electric network with an autotransformer (AT) power supply, the two second-order damping filter circuit are used, one is arranged between the contact system and the steel rail, the other one is arranged between a positive feeder (F) and the steel rail, and parameters thereof are identical. The invention can suppress and damp the higher harmonic wave resonance and transient overvoltage by changing a topological structure and the network parameters of the traction electric network, and all the resistor, the capacitor and the inductor elements are passive, so that control equipments are not required. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low equipment capacity, and free of maintenance.