475 results about "Secondary energy" patented technology

A secondary hybrid aqueous energy storage device includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode which is capable of reversibly intercalating sodium cations, a separator, and a sodium cation containing aqueous electrolyte, wherein an initial active cathode electrode material comprises an alkali metal containing active cathode electrode material which deintercalates alkali metal ions during initial charging of the device.

A hybrid locomotive includes at least one traction motor coupled to at least one of a plurality of axles and configured to drive at least one axle. A power converter is coupled to a main engine and to at least one traction motor and configured to supply electrical energy to the at least one traction motor and a secondary energy storage unit. A fuel storage unit is coupled to the main engine and configured to supply a gaseous fuel to the main engine. The main engine is adapted to burn gaseous fuel for reduced emissions, while maintaining excellent power output characteristics, that may be supplemented by secondary power sources.

A method of providing a unified power control of a motor including providing a first inverter system, a second inverter system, and a motor coupled therebetween; coupling the first inverter system coupled to a first energy source; coupling the second inverter system coupled to a secondary energy source; generating a first pulse width modulated signal; and generating a second pulse width modulated signal. The first inverter system and the second inverter system are driven with the first pulse width modulated signal and the second pulse width modulated signal respectively in order to control a fundamental component of an output voltage of the first inverter system and the second inverter system to control the motor.

A double-ended inverter system for a vehicle having a load, a first energy source, and a first inverter system coupled to the first energy source and adapted to drive the load. The double-ended inverter system further having a secondary energy source, a second capacitor coupled in parallel to the secondary energy source, and a second inverter system coupled to the secondary energy source and adapted to drive the load. A controller includes an output coupled to the first inverter system and the second inverter system for providing at least one pulse width modulated signal to the first inverter system and the second inverter system.

A system and method for improving the performance of a hybrid power supply apparatus comprising a power generating device, such as a fuel cell, and a primary energy storage device, such as a battery. The purpose of the invention is to provide an equalization charge to the battery from a source other than the fuel cell when the battery achieves a predetermined state of charge condition, thereby avoiding the need to operate the fuel cell in a low power output mode. When the predetermined state of charge condition is detected by a controller, the fuel cell is shut-down. In one aspect of the invention the equalization charge is provided to the battery by a secondary energy storage device, such as a plurality of capacitors or secondary batteries. The predetermined state of charge condition may be satisfied, for example, when the state of charge of the battery exceeds a predetermined threshold, such as 80% of the battery's storage capacity, for a predetermined period of time. In some aspects of the invention, the secondary energy storage device may also be connectable to the load. Preferably the system also includes a DC / DC converter for regulating current flow between the fuel cell and the storage devices.

A hybrid energy storage system is configured to control pulsed power. A first dynamo-electric machine is coupled to an inertial energy storage device and has multiple input stator windings configured to accept input power from a source. A polyphase output stator winding is configured to deliver electric power having a first response time to a DC bus. A secondary energy storage system is coupled to the DC bus and is configured to convert its stored energy to electric power in a bidirectional manner. A second dynamo-electric machine has an input stator winding and at least one polyphase output stator winding coupled to a converter, the converter coupled to a DC output. A polyphase boost exciter is configured to derive energy from the DC bus and excite the second machine input stator winding, wherein the second machine is configured to be excited at a faster rate than the first response time of the first machine.

The invention relates to a method and a system for combining solar energy thermal power generation with biomass power generation. When the method is used for generating electricity in the daytime (a fine day), one path of heat transfer oil heated in a heat collection field passes through a heat exchanger to ensure that counter-flow water is heated up into superheated steam at the temperature of between 360 and 380 DEG C; and the other path of the heat transfer oil heated in the heat collection field passes through the heat exchanger to heat up a fused salt so as to perform energy storage. The water heated in a water cooled wall of a biomass boiler is changed into steam which enters a steam header and a steam-water separator, then is heated to the temperature of between 535 and 545 DDEG C after being sent into a super-heater of the boiler together with the steam at the temperature of between 360 and 380 DEG C, and then is supplied to a steam turbine to drive a generator to finish the power generation process. During receiving electric valley adjustment, the biomass boiler maintains the minimum stable combustion state. The self power generation of the method and the system can be used for supplying electricity to an electric heater in a fused salt heat storage system to heat the fused salt and perform secondary energy storage for a fused salt heat tank. During the night, or when a solar energy condition is not good, the heat energy stored in the fused salt is released by the heat exchanger to generate electricity.

The invention is directed toward methods for operating a series hybrid vehicle in a manner that responds to the operator's demand for power output, while maximizing engine efficiency and minimizing disruptions in vehicle drivability. According to principles of the present invention, when the driver of a series hybrid vehicle makes a demand for power output, whether the secondary power source(s) is supplied with secondary energy stored in an energy storage device(s), direct input energy generated by an engine(s), or both, depends on the amount of available secondary energy stored in the vehicle's secondary storage device(s) alone, and in combination with vehicle speed. During the time that the engine is used to generate secondary energy, the power efficiency level at which the engine is operated also depends on the vehicle speed and the amount of available secondary energy stored in the vehicle's secondary storage device alone, and in combination with vehicle speed. Further, in some embodiments, when the engine is not generating secondary energy, the engine is selectively turned off or idled in response to various operating conditions.

Secondary energy absorbing helmet underwear is to be worn by a user under a primary rigid hard hat, sports helmet or military helmet. The helmet underwear includes an integral self elasticized stretchable material that includes a three-dimensional structure that is generally of semi-spherical shape to fit about the users head and that includes an optional peripheral stretchable stretch band that provides a means for retaining the helmet underwear in place on the users head. The stretchable material and core includes front and rear layers that are each formed as a knitted layer and interconnecting yarns that interconnect between the front and rear layers and define a predetermined spacing between the front and rear layers. The interconnecting yarns, in combination with the layers provide a safety barrier between the rigid hat and the user's head.

A hybrid energy storage system is configured to control pulsed power. A first dynamo-electric machine is coupled to an inertial energy storage device and has multiple input stator windings configured to accept input power from a source. A polyphase output stator winding is configured to deliver electric power having a first response time to a DC bus. A secondary energy storage system is coupled to the DC bus and is configured to convert its stored energy to electric power in a bidirectional manner. A second dynamo-electric machine has an input stator winding and at least one polyphase output stator winding coupled to a converter, the converter coupled to a DC output. A polyphase boost exciter is configured to derive energy from the DC bus and excite the second machine tertiary stator winding, wherein the second machine is configured to be excited at a faster rate than the first response time of the first machine.

A double-ended inverter system for a vehicle having a load, a first energy source, and a first inverter system coupled to the first energy source and adapted to drive the load. The double-ended inverter system further having a secondary energy source, a second capacitor coupled in parallel to the secondary energy source, and a second inverter system coupled to the secondary energy source and adapted to drive the load. A controller includes an output coupled to the first inverter system and the second inverter system for providing at least one pulse width modulated signal to the first inverter system and the second inverter system.

The blast furnace iron-making technique includes blowing hydrogen-rich fuel gas in the blast hole of blast furnace of amount 500-1000 cu m / ton iron; normal temperature pure oxygen blasting while eliminating traditional hot blast furnace; gas in bosh containing H2 in 30-60 % except CO; gas in hearth top connecting CO+H2 in 85-95 %; and controlling the theoretic combustion temperature in 1800-2200 deg.c. The blast furnace iron-making technique can lower the blast furnace in 1800-2200 deg.c. The blast furnace iron-making technique can lower the blast furnace coke ratio to below 250 Kg / ton iron, lower CO2 exhaust by 400-600 Kg / ton iron and produce high heat value gas capable of being used as secondary energy source.

A secondary hybrid aqueous energy storage device includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode which is capable of reversibly intercalating sodium cations, a separator, and a sodium cation containing aqueous electrolyte, wherein an initial active cathode electrode material comprises an alkali metal containing active cathode electrode material which deintercalates alkali metal ions during initial charging of the device.

A method of providing a unified power control of a motor including providing a first inverter system, a second inverter system, and a motor coupled therebetween; coupling the first inverter system coupled to a first energy source; coupling the second inverter system coupled to a secondary energy source; generating a first pulse width modulated signal; and generating a second pulse width modulated signal. The first inverter system and the second inverter system are driven with the first pulse width modulated signal and the second pulse width modulated signal respectively in order to control a fundamental component of an output voltage of the first inverter system and the second inverter system to control the motor.

The invention relates the fuel battery coach controlling method on base of the CAN bus internet communication used for hybrid power system, using the direct converting means to carry out energy management control. The CAN bus sends the main voltage signal VDC / DC, motor rotation rate signal rmotor and throttle pedal signal Acc_ps to full control device; in full control device looking up goal torque Tmotor and calculate demand total power Pmotor, auxiliary device power PAUX and accumulator charge-discharge power Pbat; calculate DC / DC output current IDC / DC; IDC / DC passes first order filtration, after meeting the DC / DC converter dynamic regulator course, then the full control device sends it to DC / DC control device by CAN bus, and realize the DC / DC current control. The invention can realize the accurately control of load power, and provide the flat form for any kind of energy controlling method; the charge and discharge state provided by secondary energy can be controlled; the integral efficiency of power system is improved.

The invention discloses a lithium-selenium battery and a preparation method of the lithium-selenium battery. The lithium-selenium battery comprises a metal lithium cathode, a selenium-mesoporous carrier compound anode and an organic electrolyte, wherein the selenium-mesoporous carrier compound anode is formed by mixing selenium with a mesoporous carrier in a certain proportion and then heating a mixture; the selenium is uniformly dispersed in a mesoporous channel of the mesoporous carrier in an annular selenium molecular form and / or an amorphous chain selenium molecular form; and the mesoporous carrier comprises a carbon mesoporous carrier, a non-carbon mesoporous carrier and compositions thereof. The lithium-selenium battery provided by the invention has the advantages of small size, high capacity, long service life, high efficiency, simplicity in reaction platform and the like, and is a novel secondary energy storage battery with high volume energy density. The preparation method of the main component namely the selenium-mesoporous carrier compound anode of the battery is simple. Raw materials are easily available. The lithium-selenium battery is suitable for large-scale production and high in practicability.

This invention concerns an electrical energy supply and distribution system. The system is able to handle both large centralised electricity generation plants, as well secondary energy sources which are becoming increasingly important. These sources may or may not be connected to deliver electrical energy to a 50 Hz AC power distribution grid. The system comprises a supply side where multiple electrical energy generators are connected via connections ports, involving conditioning circuitry, into a single DC electrical energy source. This energy source may be supplied to a common inverter system to convert it to AC for transmission on over a power grid. A rectifier may take the AC power from the grid and delivers it to loads. Whether an AC grid in involved or not, on the delivery side energy is delivered to multiple loads via connection ports involving conditioning circuitry. Any of the generators or loads may be taken offline or connected back into the system at will.

A method and system for using a secondary energy source with an electric or hybrid vehicle in a way that requires no interaction with the vehicle's on-board communications system or the vehicle's processors. The secondary energy source, which can be a battery pack or any energy storage device, can generally be charged at home or business using the 110 volt line. The energy from the secondary source can be metered into the system in a way that allows the primary battery state-of-charge to fluctuate normally. Most of the electrical energy propelling the vehicle can come from the secondary source. All of the regenerative energy from braking can go into the primary battery. A controller can control a regulator to regulate the amount of current flowing from the secondary source.

In a method of starting an internal combustion engine, a combustion energy is generated by combusting a fuel that has been injected into a cylinder in an expansion stroke when the internal combustion engine is stopped. In the aforementioned method, the combustion energy generated by combusting the fuel is obtained based on a state of an air / fuel mixture within the cylinder to which the fuel has been injected. Based on the obtained combustion energy, a kinetic energy to be supplied to the internal combustion engine from a primary energy supply source is estimated. A difference between a predetermined target kinetic energy required for starting the internal combustion engine subsequent to the start of combustion and the estimated kinetic energy to be supplied from the primary energy supply source is obtained. The kinetic energy corresponding to the obtained difference is supplied from a secondary energy supply source in the form of a starter motor.

The invention discloses a wave direct-drive linear reluctance generator system which comprises a generator, a power inverter, and an inverter, wherein the output of a primary three-phase winding of the generator is connected with the input of the power inverter, the output of the power inverter is connected with the inverter, and the output of the inverter is connected with a power grid or a use load. The system is characterized in that the generator is a direct-drive linear switched reluctance generator which comprises a primary iron core embedded with a three-phase winding and a secondary mover which is arranged in the primary iron core and is provided with tooth grooves, the primary iron core and the secondary mover are formed by overlapping silicon sheets, the lower end of the secondary mover is fixed on a generator base through an elastic component, and the upper end of the secondary mover is elastically connected with a wave energy absorbing device. The system replaces a permanent-magnet synchronous linear motor with the linear switched reluctance generator, which saves a secondary energy conversion device, can simplify the structure and the volume of the generator system, improve the efficiency of wave energy power generation, and also avoid problems of corrosion and excitation loss of permanent magnets and so on.

A method, system, and apparatus including a compressed air energy storage (CAES) system including a compression train with a compressor path, a storage volume configured to store compressed air, a compressed air path configured to provide passage of compressed air egressing from the compression train to the storage volume, and a heat recovery system coupled to at least one of the compressor path and the compressed air path and configured to draw heat from at least one of the compressor path and the compressed air path to a first liquid. The compression train is configured to provide passage of compressed air from a first compressor to a second compressor. The heat recovery system includes a first evaporator configured to evaporate the first liquid to a first gas and a first generator configured to produce electricity based on an expansion of the first gas.

A multi-port storage system includes a dynamo-electric machine with integral rotor inertia forming a primary energy storage system. The dynamo-electric machine has a primary stator winding configured to accept multiple AC input power sources, and has at least two secondary stator windings configured to deliver electric power to multiple loads at different power, frequency and voltage levels. A secondary energy storage system is coupled to the primary energy storage system, and is configured to convert its stored energy to electric power. The dynamo-electric machine is configured to enhance and buffer the secondary energy storage system, and is configured to improve the conversion of the stored energy to electric power. The system may include a step-up transformer responsively coupled to one of the secondary stator windings. The step-up transformer may comprise a single phase or polyphase step-up transformer having internal cooling and electrical insulation between the secondary windings comprising a hydro-fluoro-ether (HFE) vapor and liquid fluid.

The invention discloses a boiler water replenishing system capable of collecting waste heat and condensed water. A boiler blowdown pipe of a boiler is connected with a blowdown expansion tank, a steam outlet of the blowdown expansion tank is connected into a hot water tank through a blowdown flash steam pipe, a blowdown water pipe of the blowdown expansion tank is connected into a continuous-discharge heat exchanger which is further connected with a softened water feeding pipe, the softened water feeding pipe is connected with a water softening station through a water supply pump, the softened water feeding pipe for the continuous-discharge heat exchanger is connected with a boiler secondary energy saver prior to being connected into the hot water tank, and the hot water tank is connected with a hot water outlet pipe which is sequentially connected with a circulating pump, a heat deaerator and a boiler water feeding pump prior to being connected into a boiler water inlet. The boiler water replenishing system has the advantages that centralized use of the waste heat and the condensed water is achieved, steam consumption of the deaerator is reduced, waste heat absorption effect is enhanced, connection of the deaerator is simplified, pollution of the heat and the condensed water to the environment is reduced, and water replenishing for the boiler is unaffected when heat exchange equipment fails.

The invention discloses an energy saving illumination control method and system. The energy saving illumination control method and system divide the indoor area according to the indoor environment configuration and the prior information, thus reducing the control area and being able to realize energy saving effect, and can divide all the lights indoors into groups, aiming at one area in a room; therefore, compared with simultaneous control of all the lights indoors, group control of the lights can be more flexible; and compared with that independent control of all the lights indoors respectively, group control of the lights can reduce the complexity of the system and the lights can be controlled more easily. Finally, according to the illumination requirement of the required area, the energy saving illumination control method and system can satisfy the illumination requirement of the area by adjusting the brightness of the light group corresponding to the required area, and can find a light group brightness combination with relatively lowest total energy consumption from the plurality of light group brightness combinations which satisfy the illumination requirement required by the required area and output the light group brightness combination, so the energy is further saved. The energy saving illumination control method and system integrate area division, light grouping and energy consumption optimization control, and can satisfy the illumination requirement of one required area by means of relatively lowest total energy consumption, so as to realize secondary energy saving.

Electrically powered Vertical Take-off and Landing (VTOL) aircraft are presented. Contemplated VTOL aircraft can include one or more electrical energy stores capable of delivering electrical power to one or more electric motors disposed within one or more propeller housings, where the motors can drive the propellers. The VTOL aircraft can also include one or more back-up and / or secondary energy / power sources (e.g., batteries, engines, generators, fuel-cells, semi-cells, etc.) capable of driving the motors should the energy stores fail or deplete. The VTOL aircraft will be significantly different to regular Tiltrotor aircraft as we use propellers and a modern steering system that reduces complicity dramatically. The contemplated configurations address safety, noise, and hover stability and outwash concerns to allow such designs to operate in built-up areas while retaining competitive performance relative to existing aircraft.

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon material preparation, belongs to the category of alkali metal ion secondary energy storage and relates to a method for preparing nitrogen-doped porous carbon from perinone nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as a carbon source and an application of the nitrogen-doped porous carbon as a negative electrode or positive electrode material for an alkali metal ion secondary battery. According to the method, perinone nitrogen-containing conjugated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is firstly mixed with a template or an activator andthermal decomposition carbonization is carried out at the temperature within a certain range to obtain a nitrogen-doped porous carbon negative electrode or positive electrode material. By adopting the perinone nitrogen-containing conjugated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with large molecular weight as the carbon source, the loss of a nitrogen element in a thermal treatment process can be reduced, high-proportion nitrogen doping in the porous carbon is effectively achieved and electrochemical oxidation reduction sites are effectively increased. According to the method, the specific surface area of the porous carbon can be adjusted and controlled through the carbon source screening, thermal treatment carbonization temperature and the mass ratio of the template or the activator, the chargeexchange interface is increased and high energy storage is effectively achieved. The material has the advantages that (1) the structure is abundant and the perinone material is cheap and available; and (2) the material has relatively high energy density, magnification power density and cycling stability.

The present invention relates to a calcium circulation cascade thermochemical energy storage method and system. The thermochemical energy storage system is CaCO3 / CaO and Ca(OH)2 / CaO, and can be used for energy storage by means of mutual reaction and conversion between heat energy and chemical energy produced by sun irradiation. Through a primary energy storage and a secondary energy storage, whenenergy is needed, part of CaO (generated by decomposition of CaCO3 particles under normal pressure) and H2O produce reverse chemical reaction to release heat energy, part of CaO (generated by decomposition of Ca(OH)2 particles under normal pressure) and CO2 produce reverse chemical reaction to release heat energy. Through alternate cyclic energy storage of CaCO3 / CaO and Ca(OH)2 / CaO systems, the sintering problem of CaCO3 / CaO in the process of long-time cyclic energy storage can be solved, and cascade energy storage and two-stage power generation can also be achieved. In addition, the inventionfurther discloses a calcium circulation cascade thermochemical energy storage system.