32 results about "Pyroelectric crystal" patented technology

An apparatus for producing x-rays for use in imaging applications having a piezoelectric or pyroelectric crystal with an upper surface and a conducting film coating the upper surface. The crystal includes a plurality of field emitters formed as micrometer-scale exposed regions in the crystal having a one or more sharp peaks or ridges, or parallel trenches forming a wedge shaped emitter. The crystal is alternately heated and cooled over a period of time so that spontaneous charge polarization occurs in the crystal. The spontaneous charge polarization causes a perpendicular electric field to arise on the crystal's top and bottom faces, that is enhanced by the sharp peaks or ridges, thereby causing field emission of surface electrons from that location. X-rays are produced when the emitted electrons strike a target material located adjacent to the emitting face, and the X-rays may be filtered or collimated.

A non-radioactive source for Atmospheric Pressure Ionization is described. The electron-beam sealed tube uses a pyroelectric crystal(s). One end of the crystal is grounded while the other end has a metallic cap with sharp feature to generate an electron beam of a given energy. The rate of heating and / or cooling of the crystal is used to control the current generated from a tube. A heating and / or cooling element such as a Peltier element is useful for controlling the rate of cooling of the crystal. A thin window that is transparent to electrons but impervious to gases is needed in order to prolong the life of the tube and allow the extraction of the electrons. If needed, multiple crystals with independent heaters can be used to provide continuous operation of the device. Dielectric shielding of the pyroelectric crystal is used to minimize discharge of the crystal.

Gently heating a pyroelectric crystal in a deuterated atmosphere can generate fusion under desktop conditions. The electrostatic field of the crystal is used to generate and accelerate a deuteron beam (>100 keV and >4 nA), which, upon striking a deuterated target, produces a neutron flux over 400 times the background level. The presence of neutrons within the target is confirmed by pulse shape analysis and proton recoil spectroscopy. Several elements of the system may be modified, including the configuration of the crystal or crystals, the composition of the surrounding environment and the target, the use of multiple probe tips, and the composition of the probe tip.

The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring electrostrictive coefficients through linear frequency modulation multi-beam laser heterodyne and relates to the field of ultra-precise measurement. The device and the method for measuring the electrostrictive coefficients through the linear frequency modulation multi-beam laser heterodyne aim at solving the problem that the existing electrostrictive coefficient measuring method is low in measuring accuracy. An adjusting frame is used for fixing piezo-electric crystal with voltage to be measured; a second planar reflecting mirror is used for being fixed on one end surface of the piezo-electric crystal with the voltage to be measured; a thin glass plate and the second planar reflecting mirror are arranged in a parallel mode; laser sent out from a linear frequency modulation laser enters into the surface of the thin glass plate, the laser enters into the second planar reflecting mirror after being transmitted through the thin glass plate, and the laser is focused on the photosensitive surface of a photoelectric detector after being reflected through the thin glass plate. According to the device and the method for measuring the electrostrictive coefficients through the linear frequency modulation multi-beam laser heterodyne, the length variation amount of the piezo-electric crystal with the voltage to be measured is modulated within the frequency difference of intermediate frequency heterodyne signals, the length variation amount of a plurality of piezo-electric crystal with the voltage to be measured are obtained simultaneously due to measurement of the frequency difference, and the measuring error is 0.04 %. The device and the method for measuring the electrostrictive coefficients through the linear frequency modulation multi-beam laser heterodyne is applicable to ultra-precise measuring and detecting, device machining, laser radar system and the like.

The invention discloses an electric field driving type micro-drop jetting spray head based on the pyroelectric effect. The jetting spray head comprises a storage cylinder, a nozzle, a pyroelectric crystal ring, a heating ring and a shell, the nozzle is arranged below the storage cylinder, the nozzle is conical, a space within the storage cylinder and the nozzle is insulated from the outside, the pyroelectric crystal ring is of an annular structure, is installed on the shell and located right below the nozzle, the outer ring surface of the pyroelectric crystal ring and a jetting liquid in the storage cylinder are equipotential, the heating ring is located on the periphery of the pyroelectric crystal ring, and is used for heating the pyroelectric crystal ring, and the shell is fixed on the outer side of the storage cylinder in a sleeving mode. According to the electric field driving type micro-drop jetting spray head, on one hand, a lot of problems caused by high voltage and complex circuits required by direct applying of an external electric field can be avoided, and on the other hand, the problem of influence of the size of a gap between the pyroelectric crystal and a jetting device on the stability of the jet printing process can be solved.

Shear test apparatus for gold and solder balls of a semiconductor substrate comprises a support element (21) on which is provided a piezo-electric crystal (24) in the direct shear load path. The crystal (24) may have a shield (25). The interface between shield and crystal, and crystal and support element may include an epoxy resin layer to distribute force and retain the components as a unit.

Sensors, systems including sensors, and methods of using such sensors and systems are provided. In one aspect, a sensor includes a sensor element at least partially positioned within the housing. The sensor element includes a plurality of interconnected segments with each segment comprising a pyroelectric crystal and wherein the sensor may generate a single, unitary signal upon exposure of any segment to infrared radiation.