772 results about "Broad band" patented technology

An antenna system includes a beamformer having a feed port and a one-dimensional or two-dimensional arrangement of output ports, radiating antenna elements coupled with output ports of the beamformer, and an antenna control unit coupled with the beamformer to steer a beam of the antenna system. The antenna system forms an electrically steerable, phased array antenna having a beam steering angle which is constant over a very broad band of frequencies. Specific applications for the antenna system include satellite communications including tracking low earth orbiting satellites, radar systems and data links using a steerable antenna for self-installation, self-healing and adaptation.

The present invention provides a broad band retardation plate that can be fabricated by a simple process and uniformly retards light incident of the entire visible light region. The retardation plate contains materials including positive or negative intrinsic double refraction values. When retardation values in wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm are defined as Re(450), Re(550) and Re(650), respectively, the retardation plate satisfies the relational expression of Re(450)<Re(550)<Re(650). The retardation plate has a first layer comprising a positive material and a second layer comprising a negative material. The first layer and second layers have double refraction, and are laminated such that lag axes of the both layers are orthogonally crossed. It is preferable that the positive material is a norbornene based polymer and the like.

A high performance objective having very small central obscuration, an external pupil for apertureing and Fourier filtering, loose manufacturing tolerances, large numerical aperture, long working distance, and a large field of view is presented. The objective is preferably telecentric. The design is ideally suited for both broad-band bright-field and laser dark field imaging and inspection at wavelengths in the UV to VUV spectral range.

The invention provides an organic electroluminescent device and a display device. The organic electroluminescent device comprises an organic luminescent layer; the organic luminescent layer comprisesa main body material, a sensitizing agent material and a resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material; the main body material is a broad-band gap material; the sensitizing agentmaterial is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material; a singlet-state energy level of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material is located between a singlet-state energy level of the broad-band gap material and a singlet-state energy level of the resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence material; and a triplet-state energy level of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material is located between a triplet-state energy level of the broad-band gap material and a triplet-state energy level of the resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence material.With the organic electroluminescent device and the display device, the defects of short life time and wide spectrum of the device caused by a condition that the traditional TADF material is adopted to emit light at the present stage can be overcome.

Reflective color filters using layers of cholesteric liquid crystals with two different center wavelengths and bandwidths per layer are stacked in two layers to provide colored light for displays. With a two layer stack circularly polarized light of one handedness can be provided. With a four layer stack unpolarized colored light can be provided. With a broadband polarizing filter overlapping other filters in the stack a black matrix can be provided by reflecting all colors and transmitting no light in the overlapping areas. When broadband reflective cholesteric liquid crystals are used two primary colors can be reflected in the same pixel of a display making reflective layers with two reflective portions per layer possible. Color displays having three linear sub-pixels with three primary colors or with four sub-pixels of white, blue, green, and red in a pixel with two colors in a top row and two colors on a bottom row can are made with two colors per layer in two layer stacks. The pixels in the display are arranged such that multiple adjacent sub-pixels in a layer, or row in a layer, with the same color makes the color filters easier to manufacture. Displays using these reflective color filters may have a reflective polarizer for viewing the display at wide angles without color distortion. A method of producing cholesteric liquid crystal color filters by polymerizing different portions of cholesteric liquid crystal mixtures at different temperatures and radiations to obtain different central wavelengths and bandwidths of reflection. By masking parts of a layer several portions with different colors are polymerized in a single layer. Further, with radiation which is attenuated in the cholesteric liquid crystal material stacks of different portions reflecting different colors in the same layer are made. Further the cholesteric liquid crystals are polymerized to have other optical properties in the stack such as quarter wave plates and broad band polarizers such that entire optical devices can be made in one layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material making the devices smaller, lighter, more robust, reliable, and easier to make by eliminating gluing and alignment problems. With overlapping reflective cholesteric liquid crystal which together reflect all light stacks with automatic black matrixes built into the layer are made saving light from being blocked by conventional black matrix light absorbing layers in display devices.

A system and method for detecting an endpoint during a chemical mechanical polishing process is disclosed that includes illuminating a first portion of a surface of a wafer with a first broad beam of light. A first reflected spectrum data is received. The first reflected spectrum of data corresponds to a first spectra of light reflected from the first illuminated portion of the surface of the wafer. A second portion of the surface of the wafer with a second broad beam of light. A second reflected spectrum data is received. The second reflected spectrum of data corresponds to a second spectra of light reflected from the second illuminated portion of the surface of the wafer. The first reflected spectrum data is normalized and the second reflected spectrum data is normalized. An endpoint is determined based on a difference between the normalized first spectrum data and the normalized second spectrum data.

A design for inspecting specimens, such as photomasks, for unwanted particles and features such as pattern defects is provided. The system provides no central obscuration, an external pupil for aperturing and Fourier filtering, and relatively relaxed manufacturing tolerances, and is suited for both broad-band bright-field and laser dark field imaging and inspection at wavelengths below 365 nm. In many instances, the lenses used may be fashioned or fabricated using a single material. Multiple embodiments of the objective lensing arrangement are disclosed, all including at least one small fold mirror and a Mangin mirror. The system is implemented off axis such that the returning second image is displaced laterally from the first image so that the lateral separation permits optical receipt and manipulation of each image separately. The objective designs presented have the optical axis of the Mangin mirror image relay at ninety degrees to the optical axis defined by the focusing lenses, or an in-line or straight objective having one ninety degree bend of light rays.

The invention relates to a board band piezoelectric generating set. A plurality of socle beams L1, L2, L3 are divided into two groups; one end of each socle beam is fixed and the other end keeps free; the socle beams keep parallel with each other; a crossing section is arranged between the two groups of the socle beams; wherein, the socle beam consists of piezoelectric transduction elements (34, 36), a down-lead (31), a metal block (32) and electrodes (33, 35, 37). The electrodes and the transduction elements are alternately arranged; the down-lead (31) is arranged at the fixed end of the socle beam; the metal block (32) is arranged at the free end of the socle beam. The sizes and the structures of the socle beams L1, L2, L3 are different, the manufacture materials of the piezoelectric transduction elements are different and the qualities of the metal blocks are different, therefore, the resonance frequency of each beam is different. The two groups of the socle beams L1, L2, L3 are arranged in an interdigital structure in plane or an interdigital structure in space. The board band piezoelectric generating set can absorb the mechanical vibration or noise of a plurality of frequency components in the environment and realize the transformation from mechanical energy to electricity energy by the piezoelectric transduction elements so as to increase the generating capacity and improve the generating efficiency.

An LED light engine system that incorporates light emitting diodes (LEDs) with one or more distinct colors, including broad band white light obtained from phosphors or a combination of LED die colors and LED die coated phosphors. The LED die or die arrays are mounted to a high thermal conductivity circuit board comprising COB technology which can include both the LED die and electronic drive components resulting in a compact and reliable design with improved thermal and optical performance. High efficiency non-imaging collection optics are coupled to the LEDs to efficiently capture substantially all of the light which they emit and reformat it as an output with substantially the same éntendue as that of the LED to provide high brightness sources. Feedback from the output back to a photosensor on the circuit board is provided to assure that the output of the collection optic remains constant.

A portable fluorescence and transmittance imaging spectroscopy system for use in diagnosing plant health. The system has a primary LED light source array with spectral wavelengths in the 400-600 nm range, a focus cone that collects the LED light source output and focuses it, a controller that controls the primary LED array to turn it on and off, or certain of the spectral wavelengths on and off such that the primary LED array controllably emits light of a desired wavelength in the range, the light irradiating the plant through the focus cone, a digital imaging device that both spatially and temporally captures a fluorescence image comprising chlorophyll fluorescence emitted by the plant due to the emitted light from the LED array, a leaf holder located proximate to the output of the focus cone to maintain a consistent position and distance between the digital imaging device, the LED light source and the leaf and providing for fixed position and non-destructive leaf imaging and testing, a secondary light source for providing broad-band transmissive light through the leaf, a lens for focusing onto the imaging device the light emitted from the secondary light source, and one or more memory devices that store the fluorescence image and the transmitted light data received by the digital imaging device and store a library of plant fluorescence-intensity data indicative of both healthy plants and stressed or diseased plants, and plant light transmittance data indicative of certain plant conditions.

The invention provides a measuring instrument with an optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer and optical fiber Michdson interferometer arrays, which comprises a broad-band light source 1, a photoelectric detector 2, a 3dB optical fiber 2 multiplied by 2 coupler 3, the optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer, a transposed 3dB optical fiber 2 multiplied by 2 coupler 7, optical fiber Michdson interferometers arrays 8 and 8', and a single-mode connecting optical fiber 9, wherein, the optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer consists of an attenuator 4, a self-focusing lens 5, an axicon lens 6 with total reflection angle, and the connecting optical fiber 9. The measuring instrument with the optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the optical fiber Michdson interferometer arrays utilizes a technique that measures strain and temperature at the same time, realizes the temperature compensation technique and the array arrangement of optical fiber sensors, realizes absolute measurement under the situation that the multiple sensors are not interfered by each other, lowers the cost of single-point measurement and ensures real-time measurement; furthermore, the measuring instrument has simple techniques and easy implementation, and as standard optical fiber communication elements are adopted as the optical fiber materials and devices, the measuring instrument has low cost, easy acquisition of the optical fiber materials and devices and easy popularization.

Two-terminal switching devices characterized by high on/off current ratios and by high breakdown voltage are provided. These devices can be employed as switches in the driving circuits of active matrix displays, e.g., in electrophoretic, rotataing element and liquid crystal displays. The switching devices include two electrodes, and a layer of a broad band semiconducting material residing between the electrodes. According to one example, the cathode comprises a metal having a low work function, the anode comprises an organic material having a p+ or p++ type of conductivity, and the broad band semiconductor comprises a metal oxide. The work function difference between the cathode and the anode material is preferably at least about 0.6 eV. The on/off current ratios of at least 10,000 over a voltage range of about 15 V can be achieved. The devices can be formed, if desired, on flexible polymeric substrates having low melting points.

The invention discloses a roaming switching and trigger method, an access control (AC) and an access point (AP), wherein the method comprises: the present AP of a mobile terminal access and signal quality information of a mobile terminal detected by the target AP are acquired; the difference value of which the signal quality of the mobile terminal detected by the present AP is lower than that detected by the target AP is judged to reach the set threshold value or not, if the difference value reaches the set threshold value, the mobile terminal is triggered to switch to target AP. The method of the invention ensures the service quality of users and increases the utilization rate of wireless broad band.

This invention provides a test method for one cavity multiple modes broad-band multiple points microwave medium multiple dielectric constants. By designing and producing a "clean" multiple frequency points, high Q cylindrical test resonance chamber of broad band and internal mould type, the method finishes identifying each target mode in the hollow resonator, thereto obtain the equivalent "cavity dimensions" of the required mode in the cavity and zero load quantity factor Q0. As for the resonantor loaded with medium, it uses test results by modes necessary for sublevel to compute frequencies of each interfered target mode finishing automatic search of resonate frequency of different modes after being interfered to test the resonate frequency of sample after loading and zero load quality factor Q0, finally, finishing test to multiple dielectric constants of different frequency according to the tested data.

Two-terminal electronic devices, such as photodetectors, photovoltaic devices and electroluminescent devices, are provided. The devices include a first electrode residing on a substrate, wherein the first electrode comprises a layer of metal; an I-layer comprising an inorganic insulating or broad band semiconducting material residing on top of the first electrode, and aligned with the first electrode, wherein the inorganic insulating or broad band semiconducting material is a compound of the metal of the first electrode; a semiconductor layer, preferably comprising a p-type semiconductor, residing over the I-layer; and a second electrode residing over the semiconductor layer, the electrode comprising a layer of a conductive material. The band gap of the material of the semiconductor layer, is preferably smaller than the band gap of the I-layer material. The band gap of the material of the I-layer is preferably greater than 2.5 eV.