The invention relates to a method for measuring derivatization in a valproic acid body fluid concentration process through a high performance liquid chromatography. According to the method, triethylamine is replaced by quaternary ammonium hydroxide acetonitrile solution (tetramethylammonium hydroxide acetonitrile solution or tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide acetonitrile solution or tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide acetonitrile solution) to catalyze valproic acid and is derived into phenyl ester which is ultraviolet detectable with a derivating agent (2,4'-dibromo acetophenone acetonitrile solution, alpha-bromoacetophenone acetonitrile solution, 2-bromo-p-nitroacetophenone acetonitrile solution or 4-bromo-7-herniarin acetonitrile solution), the derivating agent which is only 3-5 molar times that of amount of the reactants is required, and the derivatization yield above 95 percent can be achieved. The method has the advantages that the derivatization reaction is complete, the chromatogram base line is stable, endogenous impurity interference is avoided, the measurement result is accurate, the precision is high, the sensitivity is high, the using amount of the derivating agent is small, the pressure of the chromatographic column is hardly increased, and the service life of the chromatographic column is prolonged.