76results about How to "The sample preparation process is simple" patented technology

The invention discloses a device for testing the hardness, fracture toughness and residual stress of a brittle material with an indentation method, belonging to the technical field of material property representation. The device comprises a frame and an image acquiring system, wherein the frame is provided with an eye lens, a height-adjustable testing operation platform and an adjusting rotating wheel; a loading system is arranged in the frame, and comprises a fixing support base, a lever, a mandrel, a hanging rod, a middle main shaft and a second motor; and a first motor and the second motor of the loading system are connected with a computer through an I / O (Input / Output) control card. In the invention, the conventional digital image low-load Vickers hardness meter is improved, so that the micro-hardness of a material can be directly tested, and the fracture toughness and residual stress of an interface system of the brittle material and a brittle coating film material can be directly tested; and the device can be widely applied to departments such as industrial enterprises, universities, academies and the like for rapidly detecting relevant indexes.

The invention discloses a modular soil body permeability tester. The modular soil body permeability tester comprises a soil body seepage system, a seepage condition control system and a data acquisition system. According to the modular soil body permeability tester, different modular components are assembled to simulate various test conditions so as to scientifically and effectively research the seepage characteristics of a soil body. The modular components include a top box, an organic glass cylinder, a bottom box, an artificial rainfall module, a reversed filter component and the like. According to the modular soil body permeability tester, the mounting and the detaching are convenient, the preparation of samples is facilitated, and water is recycled in a seepage process, so that the water resource can be saved; besides, each modular component can be freely selected and arranged aiming at different research purposes, so that the tester has height expandability and can meet various test requirements; by utilizing a modular design idea, the tester has the advantages of diversity, economy, high efficiency, expandability and the like, and measured test parameters are accurate.

The invention relates to a sawtooth-shaped structure surface sample making mould with adjustable angle and size. The sawtooth-shaped structure surface sample making mould comprises a locating base, a mould outer frame and a tooth-shaped movable plate, wherein the locating base is a rectangular frame body provided with a locating ruler, the whole row of tooth-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface of the locating base, indent spigots are formed in two sides of an outer ring of each tooth-shaped groove, the tooth-shaped movable plate is formed by the connection of a plurality of combined members of telescopic groove plates and insertion plates, the insertion plates are fixed in the groove plates, the tooth-shaped movable plate is arranged in the tooth-shaped groove of the locating base through a groove plate connecting hinge, and the mould outer frame covers the outside of the tooth-shaped movable plate and is arranged on the locating base. A use method of the mould comprises the steps of determining a fluctuation angle and size of a structure surface to be tested, connecting the single combined member of the groove plate and the insertion plate, connecting the combined members into the tooth-shaped movable plate, installing the tooth-shaped movable plate and the mould outer frame, coating the mould with a demoulding agent, pouring a sample, maintaining and demoulding to obtain a required structure surface; and repeatedly executing the steps multiple times to obtain a plurality of structure surfaces. The mould is simple in structure and convenient and rapid in operation.

The invention relates to the field of textile materials, and aims at providing a method for identifying a bamboo hemp fiber by using a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technique. The method comprises the following steps of: respectively mixing and pressing a fiber with polyethylene powder to prepare a disc sheet after preparing the powder from the fiber as a guide sample; testing by adopting a transmission-type terahertz time-domain spectroscopy test device, thus respectively obtaining terahertz pulse time-domain waveforms through each guide sample; calculating the absorption coefficient and the refractive index of each guide sample, so as to respectively draw out an absorption spectrum and a refraction spectrum of the fiber; obtaining an absorption coefficient and a refractive index of the fiber to be identified; and confirming the type of the fiber to be identified according to the corresponding relation with the absorption spectrum and the refraction spectrum of each guide sample. According to the method, required sample quantity is simple, samples are simple and convenient to prepare, test time is short, and chemical pollutants are not caused in a test process; the absorption spectrum and the refraction spectrum of the sample at a terahertz waveband can be obtained at the same time when the sample is tested; the feature information of the samples is increased; the reliability of a test result is also improved.

The invention discloses an unsaturated soil multifunctional triaxial apparatus and a sample preparation device thereof. The triaxial apparatus comprises a rack, a pressure chamber, a precision volumechange measuring device, an axial load piston, an axial load sensor, a displacement sensor, an axial load and axial deformation rate control / data acquisition and processing system, a water-gas-circuitcontrol cabinet, a water supply device and a microcomputer. Suction can be conveniently applied or controlled, strain rate can be controlled to be constant, and deviator stress can also be controlledto be constant. A sample can be immersed in a certain stress state, after swelling / collapsibility / soaking deformation is stable, the suction is applied to perform drainage and dehumidification, the influence of drying and watering cycle under triaxial stress conditions on mechanical properties of soil is researched, pore air pressure is measured by a micro-sensor, triaxial shear test without drainage or exhaust can be performed, and the pore air pressure is accurately measured. Volume change measuring precision is high, errors are small, sample preparation is simple, convenient and rapid, thedry density of the sample can be accurately controlled, and sample preparation efficiency and the technical level of sample preparation are improved.

The invention discloses a method for testing the content of oxygen in villaumite. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out halogen removal on a sample to be tested by adopting an inert gas fusion process, and detecting the oxygen in villaumite, wherein monocrystalline lithium fluoride is used as a standard sample, and the sample to be tested has no contact with air in the preparation and test process of the sample to be tested. The testing method is an absolute oxygen determination method, has the advantages of small amount of the tested sample, low detection limit, wide determination range, high testing precision and low deviation, can prevent the water absorption or oxygen in the sample preparation process of villaumite, and can solve a problem that halogen-containing volatile matters generated in the heating of the sample corrode apparatuses.

The invention discloses an unsaturated soil high-temperature high-pressure high-suction triaxial instrument and a sample preparation mould. The triaxial instrument comprises a rack, a pressure chamber, an axial load piston, a load sensor, a displacement sensor, an axial load and axial deformation rate control / data acquisition processing system, a water, electricity and gas control cabinet and a temperature control box with a special structure. Two models including a high-temperature, high-pressure and low-suction model and a high-temperature, high-pressure and high-suction model are researchedand developed. The operating temperature of the high-temperature, high-pressure and low-suction model ranges from normal temperature to 150 DEG C, the confining pressure of the high-temperature, high-pressure and low-suction model ranges from 0 to 10MPa, the suction of the high-temperature, high-pressure and low-suction model ranges from 0 to 1.5MPa, and the high-temperature, high-pressure and low-suction model is applicable to general unsaturated soil. The operating temperature range and the confining pressure range of the high-temperature, high-pressure and high-suction model are as same asthose of the high-temperature, high-pressure and low-suction model, the suction of the high-temperature, high-pressure and high-suction model can range from 0 to 500MPa, and the high-temperature, high-pressure and high-suction model is applicable to buffer / backfill materials. By the aid of a sample preparation device and a petal-type sample preparation mould which are matched, sample preparationand demoulding are facilitated, working efficiency is improved, disturbance for a sample in the demoulding process is decreased, and the problem of difficulty in demoulding a high-density sample prepared by a traditional method is solved.

The invention discloses a silicon steel texture measuring method. The silicon steel texture measuring method comprises the following steps of preparing an EBSD analysis sample, measuring orientation distribution diagrams of half-thickness areas at three or more different positions of a longitudinal section of the sample by EBSD equipment, dividing a measured area into at least 10 equal-area zones from the steel plate surface to the plate thickness center, carrying out analysis to obtain ODF diagrams of the different positions, calculating density fractions f (hkl) of all crystal faces {hkl}, calculating an average value of the density fractions f (hkl) of the crystal faces {hkl} which are in different positions and have the same thickness, and drawing a data diagram of the silicon steel texture along a plate thickness direction. Through measurement of the ODF diagrams and quantitative calculation of the density fractions f (hkl) of the crystal faces {hkl}, the problem of high difficulty of XRD quantitative analysis is solved. Through measurement of data of multiple zones, the error caused by a too small EBSD measuring zone is eliminated and data is more accurate.

The invention discloses a sample preparation method and a compaction device for immature soil base materials. The method comprises the steps that the interior of a mold is coated with a lubricating oil layer, the immature soil base materials are put into the mold layer by layer, the immature soil base material layers in the mold are compacted through a jack every time one layer of immature soil base material is laid, and therefore a sample to be detected is obtained; the compaction speed of the jack is 0.5 mm / s, the compaction pressure of the jack is 18-19 K / N, and the compaction time of the jack is 3-5 min; the compaction device comprises a test bed, the test bed is sequentially provided with a first platform and a second platform in parallel in the horizontal direction from top to bottom, the second platform is coaxially provided with the jack, a gasket, the mold and a pressing column in sequence from bottom to top in the vertical direction, and the top end of the pressing column abuts against the first platform. Compared with a traditional hammer test, a press compaction test and a jack compaction test, the compressive strength of a test piece compacted by the jack is more stable than the compressive strength of a test piece compacted by the other two test methods, test piece overall deformation is good, and the test piece has good ductility when compacted.

The invention discloses a fractal theory-based method for analyzing the surface microscopic topography of an insulating material after flashover, comprising the following steps: Step 1: performing a flashover discharge experiment on the insulating material, and obtaining an AFM surface topography diagram of the insulating material; Step 2: converting the AFM surface topography image of the insulating material into a grayscale image; the size of the grayscale image is m×m; Step 3: processing the grayscale image with a fractal method or a multifractal method , to obtain fractal parameters; step 4: quantitatively analyze the surface micro-morphology of the insulating material after flashover according to the fractal parameters. The invention combines the grayscale method, fractal theory and AFM microscopic observation means to analyze the surface morphology of the insulating material after flashover, the advantages of the three are fully utilized, and the analysis results are more effective and reliable.

The invention provides a propellant / lining interface crack critical intensity stress factor detection method for evaluating the structural integrity and the storage life of a solid rocket engine. The detection method comprises three steps: a step 1: preparing a sample, including selecting the sample and producing blocks, and cutting the test blocks into slices and carrying out incision; a step 2: carrying out a tensile test and recording an image; a step 3: processing data and carrying out calculation for analysis. The unidirectional tensile test is carried out for the sample by a stretcher, a crack initiation time and the image are recorded during a crack initiation and expansion process by a CCD digital optical microscope, the obtained image is processed by a digital image processing technology, a displacement change of a front corresponding point of the crack tip in the sample stretching processing, a change relation of the propellant / lining interface crack critical intensity stress factor over time is calculated, and finally the propellant / lining interface crack critical intensity stress factor is obtained from the change relation and the crack initiation time. The detection method has the advantages of sample preparation convenience, reasonable indexes, accurate calculation and reliable data.

The invention provides a quantitative detecting method for interface reaction degree of an aluminum-carbon composite material. By utilizing the property that an interface reaction product Al4C3 is easy to hydrolyze, the quantitative detecting method comprises the following steps: firstly, accelerating a to-be-detected sample to be dissolved through electrochemical reaction; then, precisely measuring the concentration of a CH4 gas generated by hydrolyzing Al4C3 through gas chromatography; and finally, calculating the interface reaction degree. The quantitative detecting method is simple to operate, high in detecting and analyzing speed and high in precision, suitable for quickly and quantitatively detecting the interface reaction degree of various carbon material reinforced aluminum-based composite materials including carbon nano tubes, carbon fibers, graphene, graphite flake, graphite particles, diamonds, silicon carbide and the like.

The invention discloses a packaging wafer back grinding structure and a grinding method. The grinding method comprises the steps of preparing a glue; preparing a sample; taking a piece of cover glassand adhering the cover glass to an adhesive tape; dropwise adding the prepared glue on the cover glass, slowly putting the sample into the glue until the sample is completely immersed in the glue, lightly pressing the sample to discharge bubbles at the bottom of the sample, standing, observing whether bubbles are generated or not, puncturing the generated bubbles and then putting the sample on a heating table for baking so as to obtain the prepared sample; carrying out the post-treatment; after the sample is cooled, removing the adhesive tape, grinding off the redundant cover glass, adjustingthe cover glass to the proper size, and starting the packaging crystal back grinding. The packaging wafer back grinding structure is simple and is convenient in sample preparation, by the A and B gluepreparation, the stress on the sample is reduced, the flatness during grinding is kept, and the grinding area is increased. The packaging wafer back grinding structure has the advantages of high sample preparation success rate, better observation effect and the like.

The invention relates to a transmission-type X fluorescent device. The transmission-type X fluorescent device comprises an X-ray tube, an inner sleeve, a light filter, an inner sleeve base, a pressure sheet and a detector, wherein one end of the X-ray tube is embedded on the inner sleeve base; the inner sleeve base is connected with the detector; the inner sleeve is embedded inside the inner sleeve base; the light filter is fixed on the inner sleeve; the pressure sheet is positioned between the inner sleeve and the detector and is fixed on the inner sleeve. The transmission-type X fluorescent device disclosed by the invention has the capabilities of reducing a lowest limit of detection in a conventional reflection-type energy dispersive X fluorimeter and realizing a real-time and rapid measurement. The transmission-type X fluorescent device can be used for realizing the real-time measurement and convenience in sample preparation and is a measurement instrument having low limit of detection. At present, the lowest limit of detection of the transmission-type X fluorescent device disclosed by the invention is lower than that of a current reflection-type X fluorimeter by two orders of magnitudes.

The invention relates to a fiber heat conductivity determination method. The method includes: uniformly winding or adhering to-be-tested fibers to form test samples with N different arrangement angles, sequentially determining heat conductivity of the test samples and processing data. Compared with the prior art, the fiber heat conductivity determination method has the advantages that test principle simplicity and convenience in sampling are realized, internal structures of the samples are undamaged, test stability is achieved, integral distribution of fiber heat conductivity in different fiber directions can be directly reflected, the problem of failure in clear reflection of corresponding relation between each directional structure of fibers and heat conductivity in the prior art can be solved, heat conductivity test of heterogeneous or anisotropic materials according to a hot-wire method is realized, and advantages and disadvantages of fiber heat conductivity can be assessed comprehensively.

The invention provides a quantitative detection device and a quantitative detection method for the interface reaction degree of an aluminum-carbon composite material. The device comprises a direct current electrolytic reaction generation system, a gas collection system and a gas detection system which are connected with one another in sequence. The theory of the method is that due to the property that an interface reaction product Al4C3 is easy to hydrolyze, dissolving of a sample to be detected is accelerated by virtue of electrochemical reaction, then the gas concentration of CH4 generated by Al4C3 hydrolysis is subjected to precise detection by gas chromatographic analysis, and finally the interface reaction degree is calculated. The device and the method are easy to operate, high in detection and analysis speed, high in precision and suitable for quick and quantitative detection of the interface reaction degree of various carbon material enhanced aluminum-based composite materials such as a carbon nano tube, carbon fibers, graphite, graphite scales, graphite particles, diamonds, and silicon carbide and the like.

The invention aims at to provide a method for rapid quantification of the content of an organic antioxidant in vulcanized and mixed rubber, which belongs to the fields of rubber and analysis of rubber formulas, wherein the vulcanized and mixed rubber comprises, but not limited to, natural or synthetic raw material rubber and compounds thereof, a variety of aid products with rubber as a carrier, a vulcanized and mixed rubber complex and the like. According to a technical scheme in the invention, the method comprises the following concrete steps: preparing particles with a size of less than 2 mm<3> from a rubber compound; subjecting the particles to ultrasonic extraction with a solvent; accurately adding an internal-standard substance into extract; subjecting the extract to separation and testing by using capillary column gas chromatography; and quantitatively determining the content of the antioxidant in the vulcanized and mixed rubber through comparison with a standard antioxidant solution. The method is simple in treatment steps and fast in an analysis speed, uses consistent chromatographic conditions and can quantify a plurality of antioxidants in the rubber compound at the same time.

The invention provides a mechanical property prediction method for non-isothermal vulcanization of a carcasscompoundmaterial. The method mainly comprises a method for reproducing a non-isothermal vulcanization process through RPA and a method for predicting the stress at definite elongation of a vulcanized rubber through RPA strain scanning, wherein the vulcanized rubber stress at definite elongation is obtained from a temperature rise curve in a vulcanization process at a time in a mode of establishing a numerical relationship model of RPA test torque and stress at definite elongation. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, high in experimental efficiency, good in repeatability and extremely high in prediction accuracy, and is suitable for reproduction and analysis of non-isothermal vulcanization and rapid detection of the tensile property of vulcanized rubber.

The invention discloses a method for measuring a GaN-based LED (light emitting diode) polarization electric field by utilizing photoluminescence spectra. The method comprises the following steps of manufacturing a GaN-based LED testing sample, completely radiating the testing sample by utilizing laser, and measuring output light current and light voltage; connecting a positive voltage with an n electrode of the testing sample and connecting a negative voltage with a p electrode of the testing sample to form reverse bias; applying the reverse bias equal to the light voltage to the testing sample; measuring the photoluminescence spectra of the testing sample, and recording light-emitting wavelength of the testing sample; increasing the reverse bias step by step, and measuring the spectrum and the wavelength; when the wavelength is gradually changed from the short wavelength to the long wavelength, stopping increasing the reverse bias and stopping measuring; reducing the light voltage from the reverse bias when the measurement is stopped to obtain polarization voltage of the testing sample; calculating a polarization electric field of the testing sample according to the polarization voltage. According to the method for measuring the GaN-based LED polarization electric field by utilizing the photoluminescence spectra, which is disclosed by the invention, the requirements on samples are simple, the sample manufacturing is convenient, the testing result can be quickly obtained, and the active demands on test data in production, research and development techniques are facilitated to be met.

The invention discloses a full-automatic locking barrel type sampling, sample preparation and packaging system for bulk materials. The system comprises filling devices (1), barrel supply conveying devices (2), a transfer conveying device (3), a sealing device (4), a packaging barrel (5) and an electric control device. The system completely adopts computer-controlled automatic operation of filling and packaging, the effect of human factors such as responsibility, emotions and the like of operators on the production schedule can be avoided through the automatic operation, meanwhile, the limitation of proficiency of the operating skill of the operators can be avoided, human and sample separation can be realized, man-made cheating can be avoided, and defects of manual operation can be completely avoided; the state of the packaging barrel is completely controlled, a manager can inquire the working condition of the packaging barrel in real time, and use data of the packaging barrel can be recorded by a central control computer and can be checked conveniently at any time; and samples have the higher safety, and the system is particularly applicable to filling and packaging of the bulk materials for sampling and sample preparation.

The invention relates to a compaction-method triaxial sample preparation device and method. The compaction-method triaxial sample preparation device comprises a fixing frame, a power providing deviceand a sample-compaction device which are fixed to the base. The power providing device comprises a transmission wheel, an upper driven wheel and a lower driven wheel which are connected into a whole through a transmission belt, wherein the transmission wheel is provided with a rocking handle. A lifting rod is fixedly connected to the transmission belt. The sample-compaction device comprises a sample-compaction cylinder, a guide rod and a compaction hammer. The lower end of the guide rod sequentially penetrates through a positioning ring located above the sample-compaction cylinder and the compaction hammer to be connected with a hammer seat, and the upper end of the guide rod penetrates through the center of a guide rod fixing plate located at a cantilever of a fixing frame top plate. Thepositioning ring can be connected with the guide rod and the lifting rod in a contact mode. According to the compaction-method triaxial sample preparation device and method, the falling process of thecompaction hammer can approximate to free falling, the falling height of each time is consistent, the defects that in the prior art, the guide rod is inclined and the compaction processes of all thelayers are uneven are eliminated, the evenness of samples is improved, and meanwhile, the sample preparation process is more reliable, more convenient and rapider.

The invention discloses a ball mark type coating thickness meter comprising a grinding ball, a rotating arm, a motor, a detection station and an instrument rack, wherein the rotating arm, the motor and the detection station are arranged on the instrument rack; the grinding ball is arranged between the rotating arm and the detection station and is pressed on the surface of the detection station; the motor is in mechanical driving connection with the rotating arm; the grinding ball is driven by the motor through the friction of a trapezoid groove of the rotating arm to carry out press grinding on the surfaces of samples; and the coating thickness is measured and calculated according to grinding mark graphic data. The invention has the advantages of short measuring period, high speed, small size of the equipment, low cost and simpleness and convenience for operating and sampling, and is especially suitable for quickly measuring the coating thickness having low requirement for the coating thickness.

The invention provides a cotton fiber roll automatic dismounting device, and belongs to the technical field of textile detection equipment. The cotton fiber roll automatic dismounting device comprisesa machine frame assembly, a cotton lifting-apart mechanism, a cotton discharging mechanism and a power mechanism, wherein the cotton shifting mechanism is used for shifting cotton fiber roll, the cotton shifting mechanism comprises a tip plate and a first execution element which is arranged on the frame assembly and is used for driving the tip plate to move in the first direction; the cotton discharging mechanism is arranged on the frame assembly and is used for allowing the cotton fiber rolls winding and used for expanding the cotton fiber rolls in second direction; and the power mechanism is used for providing power for the cotton shifting mechanism and the cotton discharging mechanism. According to the device, the cotton shifting mechanism and the cotton discharging mechanism are driven by the power mechanism to shift the cotton fiber rolls and expand the cotton fiber rolls towards the two sides, so that the expanded cotton fiber rolls fall down due to self weight, the cotton fiberrolls can be automatically disassembled, disassembling process is soft, the cotton fiber is small in damage and is not easy to lose, disassembling time is short, the efficiency is high, and convenience is provided for subsequent sample preparation and detection processes; the device relates to an instrument for textile material detection, and the device is suitable for disassembling of a small amount with 2.5-20 grams of cotton fiber rolls.

The invention discloses a chemical sample preparation method used for determining the content of heavy metal in soil and waste water using a total reflection x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometer. The chemical sample preparation method comprises following steps: firstly, 85ml of a soil digestion solution or a waste water sample is measured; concentrated sulfuric acid is added so as to adjust sample pH value and establish a sample environment suitable for extraction reaction; after adding of concentrated sulfuric acid, an obtained mixed solution is shaken up, and is allowed to stand for further using; extraction of heavy metal in the soil digestion solution or the waste water sample is carried out; and at last, the total reflection x-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used to determine the content of heavy metal in the soil digestion solution or the waste water sample. Extraction technology is used in determination using the total reflection x-ray fluorescence spectrometer for the first time. It is confirmed by experiments that minimum detectability of application of the TXRF spectrometer in detection of mercury content of soil digestion solution or waste water can be as low as ppt grade.

The invention aims at to provide a method for rapid quantification of the content of an organic antioxidant in vulcanized and mixed rubber, which belongs to the fields of rubber and analysis of rubber formulas, wherein the vulcanized and mixed rubber comprises, but not limited to, natural or synthetic raw material rubber and compounds thereof, a variety of aid products with rubber as a carrier, a vulcanized and mixed rubber complex and the like. According to a technical scheme in the invention, the method comprises the following concrete steps: preparing particles with a size of less than 2 mm<3> from a rubber compound; subjecting the particles to ultrasonic extraction with a solvent; accurately adding an internal-standard substance into extract; subjecting the extract to separation and testing by using capillary column gas chromatography; and quantitatively determining the content of the antioxidant in the vulcanized and mixed rubber through comparison with a standard antioxidant solution. The method is simple in treatment steps and fast in an analysis speed, uses consistent chromatographic conditions and can quantify a plurality of antioxidants in the rubber compound at the same time.

The invention discloses an in-situ synchronous test method and device for the fracture toughness and the residual stress of a fragile material. The test method can be used for testing the fracture toughness and the residual stress of a single fragile material and also for testing the fracture toughness and the residual stress of a system interface of a surface fragile coating material. A ratio of equivalent elastic modulus to hardness is calculated according to a volume ratio of residual indentations in two materials, so that the precision of testing on fracture toughness and residual stress of the interface of the fragile material is improved. The load Vickers indentation device researched based on the test method mainly comprises a loading system, an observation system, an image acquisition system, a heating system, a cooling system and a high-temperature gas absorption system. The whole device is simple in structure and easy to operate, and can be used for synchronously measuring the fracture toughness and the residual stress of the fragile material at different temperatures.

The invention relates to a soil test instrument, in particular to a roadbed filler swelling capacity tester which comprises a test cylinder and a dial indicator, the upper end of the test cylinder is open, a sample in a compacted state is filled in the test cylinder, the dial indicator is vertically and detachably connected to the upper portion of the test cylinder, and a measuring head of the dial indicator abuts against the upper portion of the sample through the upper end opening of the test cylinder. Due to the fact that the sample is subjected to water immersion testing after actual roadbed filler construction is simulated and compacted, the state of the sample is close to the state of actual roadbed filler, the swelling amount of the sample can reflect the swelling amount of the actual roadbed filler more accurately, and the purpose of improving the testing precision of the swelling amount of the roadbed filler is achieved.

An element grain boundary segregation semi-quantitative method based on a scanning electron microscope is disclosed. The method includes sample preparation, energy spectrum analysis at a grain boundary, and acquisition of a segregation amount at the grain boundary according to an equation shown in the description. Segregation element solid solution values at the grain boundary and in crystal grains are defined respectively in the description. N<r> is the number density of a reference element. The diameter d1 of an electron beam spot can be obtained by Monte Carlo electron trajectory simulation with software Casino, and the chemical width of the segregation element at the grain boundary can be obtained according to an equation shown in the description. The method achieves semi-quantitative analysis of grain boundary segregation under the platform of the scanning electron microscope and has advantages of simple sample preparation, relatively easy operation, and the like. In the method, an energy spectrum is collected at the grain boundary through the scanning electron microscope, and contribution of crystal grains is deducted from the grain boundary energy spectrum to obtain chemical component information at the grain boundary. The method can be widely applied in the technical field of material characterization.

The invention relates to a detection method for the anti-channeling performance of a waterproof roll. The detection method comprises the following steps that 1, a through hole is preformed in the waterproof roll, a mortar block is poured into the waterproof roll to form a test piece, and the test piece is demolded and cured, wherein the to-be-detected area of the waterproof roll is larger than or equal to the area of the installing surface of an anti-seepage instrument test piece installing base, the waterproof roll and the installing base are arranged in a sealed mode, the anti-seepage capacity of the mortar block is higher than the stress borne by the mortar block, and the bottom area of the mortar block is smaller than the area of the installing surface of the anti-seepage instrument test piece installing base; 2, the cured test piece is put into an anti-seepage instrument, the waterproof roll surface faces water, whether water seeps out of the bonding edge of the waterproof roll and the mortar block or not is observed at any time under the specified time and pressure condition, and once the water seeps out, it can be determined that the anti-channeling performance of the waterproof roll is not qualified. According to the method, on the premise that it is guaranteed that the pressure difference is generated in the test process, the problems that sample preparation is tedious, the test piece is cumbersome, the repeatability is poor, and the success rate is low are solved.