The invention discloses a piezoresistive-material-based resistivity imaging flexible pressure detection system, which comprises a pressure detection pad (1), a temperature sensor (2) buried in the pressure detection pad (1), injection electrodes (3) connected to the edge of the pressure detection pad (1), a plurality of uniformly distributed receiving electrodes (4) connected to the periphery of the pressure detection pad (1), wires (5) connected to the receiving electrodes (4) and the temperature sensor (2) and a signal acquisition circuit (10) connected with the wires (5), wherein the pressure detection pad (1) is made from a piezoresistive material; and when certain pressure is applied to the pressure detection pad, the resistivity of the material in the pressure detection pad can be changed. The injection electrodes connected to the pressure detection pad are used for injecting current into the pressure detection pad, the receiving electrodes arranged around the detection pad are used for receiving detected voltage signals, and an electrical impedance tomography principle is used for calculating resistivity distribution in the pressure detection pad to further invert the distribution of the pressure born by the pressure detection pad.