44results about How to "Low conversion" patented technology

A wet stick pressure sensitive adhesive comprising the solventless polymerization product of: a) about 30 to about 70 parts by weight of an (meth)acrylate ester monomer wherein the (meth)acrylate ester monomer, when homopolymerized, has a Tg of less than about 10° C.; b) about 70 to about 30 parts by weight of a hydrophilic acidic comonomer; and c) about 10 to 100 parts based on 100 parts of the sum of components (a+b) of a non-reactive plasticizing agent, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive adheres to wet substrate surfaces and a method of making.

A carbon nanotube-based solar cell and fabricating method thereof are provided. The method is achieved by applying carbon nanotube film (1) photoelectric conversion material and an upper electrode simultaneously. The method improves photoelectric conversion efficiency and life time of the solar cell, the fabricating method of the solar cell is simple, and the fabricating cost is low.

The present invention relates to a plant, which is resistant to a pathogen of viral, bacterial, fungal or oomycete origin, wherein the plant has an increased homoserine level as compared to a plant that is not resistant to the said pathogen, in particular organisms of the phylum Oomycota. The invention further relates to a method for obtaining a plant, which is resistant to a pathogen of viral, bacterial, fungal or oomycete origin, comprising increasing the endogenous homoserine level in the plant.

The present invention relates to a plant, which is resistant to a pathogen of viral, bacterial, fungal or oomycete origin, wherein the plant has an increased homoserine level as compared to a plant that is not resistant to the said pathogen, in particular organisms of the phylum Oomycota. The invention further relates to a method for obtaining a plant, which is resistant to a pathogen of viral, bacterial, fungal or oomycete origin, comprising increasing the endogenous homoserine level in the plant.

There is disclosed a process for producing taurine by the ammonolysis of alkali isethionate in the presence of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate, or their mixture, to inhibit the formation of byproducts and to continuously convert the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction to alkali taurinate. The production yield is increased to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.

A process for making nylon 6, in which caprolactam and water are reacted in a multistage reactive distillation column.

Disclosed is a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet to be applied to a surface-conditioner-bearing surface of a vehicle coating. The sheet includes an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (Y) as a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to be in contact with the surface of the vehicle coating. The layer (Y) has been polymerized from an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition through the application of active energy rays, the composition includes a vinyl monomer mainly containing an alkyl (meth)acrylate (a1) whose alkyl moiety having 2 to 14 carbon atoms, or a prepolymer thereof (a); an active-energy-ray-activatable polymerization initiator (b); a multifunctional (meth)acrylate (c); and a (meth)acrylate oligomer (d) having a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 to 30000 and containing 1 to 50 parts by weight of a rosin-modified (meth)acrylate (d1) per 100 parts by weight of total monomer components. The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet exhibits high bond strengths even to surface-conditioner-bearing surfaces of automotive coatings without being reduced in bond strength by the surface conditioner.

A contactless power receiving device includes a power receiving coil receiving power from a contactless power transfer device, a rectifier circuit rectifying the power to form a rectified output on a high potential side and a rectified output on a low potential side, a smoothing circuit receiving the rectified output on the high potential side and the rectified output on the low potential side, and a switching power supply converting a DC voltage from the smoothing circuit to a first voltage. The smoothing circuit includes a first inductor transmitting the rectified output on the high potential side, a second inductor transmitting the rectified output on the low potential side, and a smoothing capacitance element to which the rectified output on the high potential side and the rectified output on the low potential side are supplied, and the rectified output on the low potential side is connected to a ground potential.

Ethoxylates and other alkoxylates are made in an efficient manner by reacting an organic bromide with a diol in the presence of a metal oxide. An integrated process of bromide formation, alkoxylate synthesis, metal oxide regeneration, and bromine recycling is also provided.

There is disclosed a process for producing taurine by the ammonolysis of alkali isethionate in the presence of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate, or their mixture, to inhibit the formation of byproducts and to continuously convert the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction to alkali taurinate. The production yield is increased to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.

A method of starting up and shutting down a microchannel process is provided. Included are the steps of providing a first multi-planar process unit, preferably adapted to process an endothermic reaction, a second multi-planar process unit, preferably adapted to process an exothermic reaction, providing a containment vessel, the containment vessel containing at least a portion of the first, and preferably the second, process unit. In startup, the microchannel process is first checked for pressure integrity by pressurizing and checking the important components of the process for leaks. Subsequently, the process units are heated by introducing a dilute low-thermal energy density material, preferably to the second process unit, followed by the introduction of a dilute high-thermal energy density material, and adjusting the proportion of high-thermal energy density material as required. In shutdown, a purge material from the containment vessel is introduced into the first, and preferably the second, process unit.

Aliphatic amines are obtained by continuous addition of ammonia to C2- to C8- alkenes in the presence of a heterogeneous or homogeneous catalyst at a pressure of 2 to 8 MPa, a temperature of 220 to 320 DEG C and a molar ratio of ammonia to the alkene of 1.5 to 20, while the gaseous reaction mixture which leaves the second section, is cooled to a temperature near the dew point, it is led to the enrichment part of the first section, where it is sprayed in counterflow with a liquid mixture consisting of the starting substances. The unreacted starting substances thus disposed of the most of the amine formed are recycled under pressure in gaseous state to the second section, the liquid mixture in the impoverishment part of the section gets rid of the unreacted starting substances, and from the bottom of the first section the concentrate is conducted to further processing.

A process for direct compression of hydrogen separated from a hydrocarbon source is described herein. The process comprises a first zone wherein a hydrocarbon reaction that produce hydrogen occurs, a ceramic proton conductor which under an applied electric field transport hydrogen from said first zone to said second zone, and a second zone where compressed hydrogen is produced. The heat energy generated by ohmic resistance in the membrane is partially recuperated as chemical energy in the hydrocarbon reforming process to generate hydrogen.

In an electro-acoustic transducer 100 which is an oscillator device, a flat piezoelectric film 120 that moves expansively and contractively through the application of an electric field is disposed on at least one surface of a flat elastic member 110 in which a plurality of holes 111 penetrate a principal surface thereof. Since the stiffness of the elastic member 110 is adjusted by the holes 111, the stiffness impedance with respect to the piezoelectric film 120 can be matched optimally. Thus, it is possible to suppress the amount of vibration displacement and to complement the conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric film 120.

Disclosed is a photoelectric conversion element comprising a pair of electrodes, at least one of which is transparent or translucent, and a photoactive layer provided between the electrodes, wherein the photoactive layer contains an electron donating compound and an electron accepting compound, and the electron donating compound or the electron accepting compound is a polymer compound having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (I), and the proportion of the repeating unit represented by the formula (I) is the highest among all of the repeating units contained in the polymer compound:wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and may be linked with one another to form a cyclic structure; X1, X2 and X3 are the same or different and represent a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom, a selenium atom, —N(R7)— or —CR8═CR9—; R7, R8, and R9 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and n and m are the same or different and represent an integer of 0 to 5; and when a plurality of R1s, R2s, R5s, R6s, X1s or X3s respectively exist, they may be the same or different.

An illumination system and method configured for mitigating a growth dip and as a consequence enhancing the growth of aquatic animals in a volume of water is disclosed. The illumination system comprises at least one light source (110) comprising at least one light emitting diode arranged to emit light to the volume of water and at least one light driver (120) arranged to drive the at least one light source. The illumination system also comprises a controller (140) that is adapted to provide control signals to the light driver to increase a light intensity level of the light emitted from the at least one light source from a first light intensity level (II) to a second light intensity level (l2) over a time period (T) of at least one day to two weeks, preferably at least two days to two weeks.

The present invention relates to a process for the catalytic preparation of melamine by decomposition of urea over particular solid catalysts using a main reactor and an after-reactor. A catalyst having a low Lewis acidity is used in the main reactor and a catalyst having an equal or preferably higher Lewis acidity is used in the after-reactor.

A method of starting up and shutting down a microchannel process is provided. Included are the steps of providing a first multi-planar process unit, preferably adapted to process an endothermic reaction, a second multi-planar process unit, preferably adapted to process an exothermic reaction, providing a containment vessel, the containment vessel containing at least a portion of the first, and preferably the second, process unit. In startup, the microchannel process is first checked for pressure integrity by pressurizing and checking the important components of the process for leaks. Subsequently, the process units are heated by introducing a dilute low-thermal energy density material, preferably to the second process unit, followed by the introduction of a dilute high-thermal energy density material, and adjusting the proportion of high-thermal energy density material as required. In shutdown, a purge material from the containment vessel is introduced into the first, and preferably the second, process unit.

Described are a low temperature plasma reaction device and a hydrogen sulfide decomposition method. The reaction device includes: a first cavity; a second cavity, the second cavity being embedded inside or outside the first cavity; an inner electrode, the inner electrode being arranged in the first cavity; an outer electrode; and a barrier dielectric arranged between the outer electrode and the inner electrode. The hydrogen sulfide decomposition method includes: implementing dielectric barrier discharge at the outer electrode and the inner electrode of the low temperature plasma reaction device, introducing a raw material gas containing hydrogen sulfide into the first cavity to implement a hydrogen sulfide decomposition method, and continuously introducing a thermally conductive medium into the second cavity in order to control the temperature of the first cavity of the low temperature plasma reaction device.

A complicated enzyme system and microorganisms are used for acting on straws and food industrial residues to convert the straws and the food industrial residues into glucose and part of oligosaccharide, amino acids, small peptides, inositol and nucleic acids and to supply mineral substances, trace elements and nutritional substances such as vitamins in the straws and the food industrial residues to monogastric animals for use. Through adding of Chinese herbal medicines, the digestion function of a monogastric animal may be enhanced, and the immune function of the monogastric animal may be enhanced, thereby reducing occurrence of diseases. In addition, the complicated enzyme system supplements exogenous enzymes in a digestive tract of the monogastric animal to reduce protein and phytic acid residues in excrements, reduce odor and improve the environment of a hog house, thereby obviously reducing drug and treatment costs.

An FCC process and apparatus may include injecting hydrocarbon feedstock at different radial positions while at the same elevation inside a riser. Multiple distributors may be used to position the tips for injecting feedstock at multiple radial positions. The distributors with tips more deeply positioned in the riser will penetrate a dense catalyst column we discovered generates in risers of larger diameter over 1.3 meters.

An article and method of manufacture of a catalyst. The article includes a nanoparticle of a noble metal based on material with a primary alkylamine layer disposed on the surface of the nanoparticle catalyst. The alkylamine layer of at least about one monolayer establishes a minimum level of selectivity for hydrogenation reactions.

A single shot autocorrelator for measuring duration of an ultrashort laser pulse in the far field, having a beam splitter to form two beams from an input ultrashort pulse: the reflected beam is firstly reflected by two mirrors mounted on a translation stage for adjusting time delay and subsequently a third mirror, and after focused by a spherical convex lens, enters a naturally grown strontium barium niobate crystal along the crystal z axis; the transmitted beam is firstly focused by a spherical convex lens, and after reflected by two mirrors, enters the crystal along the crystal z axis from opposite direction. The crystal is in the common focal regions of two spherical convex lenses and generates the transverse second harmonic pulse beam that is the autocorrelation signal to be recorded, which is imaged with an optical microscope onto a charge coupled device camera mounted perpendicular to the beams.

The invention relates to a process for producing solids made from polyisocyanurate plastics, comprising the following steps: (a) providing a polyisocyanate composition A) which contains oligomeric polyisocyanates and is low in monomeric polyisocyanates, where the isocyanurate structure content in the polyisocyanate composition A) is at least 50 mol %, based on the sum total of the oligomeric structures from the group consisting of uretdione, isocyanurate, allophanate, biuret, iminooxadiazinedione and oxadiazinetrione structure that are present in the polyisocyanate composition A); (b) catalytically trimerizing the polyisocyanate composition A), where (i) the catalytic trimerization is conducted at ambient temperatures of at least 80° C.; (ii) the catalytic trimerization is conducted within less than 2 hours at least up to a conversion level at which only at most 20% of the isocyanate groups originally present in the polyisocyanate composition A) are present; (iii) the catalytic trimerization takes place under quasi-adiabatic conditions which are characterized in that the material temperature at least one juncture is at least 10° C. above ambient temperature. The invention further relates to solids made from polyisocyanurate plastic, obtainable by the process of the invention.

A solar cell includes a first electrode layer, a P-type silicon layer, an N-type silicon layer, and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer, the P-type silicon layer, the N-type silicon layer, and the second electrode layer are arranged in series side by side along a straight line and in contact with each other, thereby cooperatively forming a planar structure. The planar structure has a photoreceptive surface substantially parallel to the straight line and directly receives an incident light. A P-N junction is formed near an interface between the P-type silicon layer and the N-type silicon layer.

In a process for producing phenol and / or cyclohexanone, a cleavage reaction mixture containing cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-hydroperoxide and cyclohexylbenzene is contacted with sulfuric acid and water under cleavage conditions effective to form a cleavage reaction effluent containing phenol, cyclohexanone, cyclohexylbenzene, water, sulfuric acid and 1-phenylcyclohexanol. At least a portion of the cleavage reaction effluent is neutralized with a basic material to produce a neutralized cleavage product and at least a portion of the neutralized cleavage product is supplied in the absence of an added dehydration catalyst to a distillation column. The distillation column is operated so that at least a portion of the neutralized cleavage product is exposed to a temperature greater than 70° C. at at least one location in the distillation column whereby at least a portion of the 1-phenylcyclohexanol in the neutralized cleavage product is dehydrated to phenylcyclohexene.

There is disclosed a process for producing taurine by the ammonolysis of alkali isethionate in the presence of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate, or their mixture, to inhibit the formation of byproducts and to continuously convert the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction to alkali taurinate. The production yield is increased to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.