The invention discloses a super-resolution imaging system. The imaging system comprises a first laser, a second laser, a first half-wave plate, a first pulse beam splitter, a spectrometer, a first battery of lens, a glass rod, polarization maintaining optical fibers, a spatial light modulator, a first object lens, a battery of reflectors, a second battery of lens, a reflector, single mode fibers, a second half-wave plate, a retroreflector, a reflector, a first dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror, a scanning system, a one fourth slide, a spacial object lens, a second pulse beam splitter, and a photomultiplier. A coherent optical adaptive technique is adopted to carry out aberration correction so as to increase the spatial resolution of a STED super-resolution microscopic imaging system, thus the aberration caused by uneven surface of a biological sample and uneven distribution of inner refractive index of a sample is eliminated, and the spacial resolution is increased.