The invention provides a phase type SPR detection device and method based on white light interference spectrum. The device includes: a light source, a filter polarization module, a wave plate, an SPR sensing module, an area array detector and a control terminal. In the present invention, the wave plate is used to generate phase delay for the P-polarized light and S-polarized light in the incident light, and a spectral interference phenomenon occurs; in order to realize high-throughput sensing, an optical-frequency time-division multiplexing technology is adopted, and an area array detector is used to sense Surface imaging, obtain the white light interference spectrum of all sites, and analyze the white light interference spectrum in the frequency domain to obtain the resonance wavelength corresponding to samples with different refractive indices, and then select the effective sinusoidal interference spectrum through the resonance wavelength, and use the algorithm to obtain samples with different refractive indices in real time The corresponding phase change can obtain the molecular interaction information of the sample to be tested. By simultaneously monitoring the SPR phase change in different wave bands, the detection dynamic range can be expanded, and no external modulator is required to modulate the light wave, and the device structure is simple.