256 results about "Keying" patented technology

The present invention relates to a system and corresponding method for a secure end-to-end patient healthcare system which includes wireless medical sensors adapted to be attached to a patient's body and in communication with each other forming a body sensor network within a wireless medical sensor network including one or more body sensor networks; λ-secure keying means incorporated into each wireless medical sensor for enabling secure communications between the wireless medical sensors, and a personal security manager within the body sensor network and in communication with the wireless medical sensors within the body sensor network, the personal security manager providing secure communications with backend services and providing security relationships within the body sensor network by means of the λ-secure keying means, wherein the λ-secure keying means are such that a coalition of no more than λ compromised wireless medical sensors conceals a pairwise key between any two non-compromised wireless medical sensors and provides protection against node compromise until λ+1 wireless medical sensors have been compromised.

A device for managing secure communications by examining message packets to detect and control the use of encryption keys noninvasively examines an incoming message packet according to typical cryptographic protocols and sequences. If an incoming packet exhibits the use of an encryption key, such as via IKEP, IPsec, or PPTP, the device processes the packet to attempt to find the corresponding encryption key. The device compares the key to a list of known suspect keys to determine a blocked status. If the key is not on the list, a sequence of authorization rules concerning prohibited key usage attempts to determine a result. The authorization rules examine available keying attributes from the message packet, possibly via a remote server, and compute an indication concerning key usage. If the authorization rules are still undeterministic of usage of the key, the device uses a default action. The default action indicates whether to allow or block usage of the key until a deterministic response indicates the key status.

An optical, multi-channel, Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) receiver demodulates multiple Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) channels using at least one interferometer. This distributes expense of the interferometer(s) over all channels of an optical signal, allowing for deployment of cost-effective, scalable, wideband, WDM DPSK systems. For example, for an 80 channel WDM link, the receiver uses a single interferometer instead of eighty interferometers and associated stabilization hardware, dramatically reducing size, weight, power, and cost. The receiver is architecturally compatible with existing interferometer technologies so previous development and qualification efforts can be leveraged. This allows for expedited technology insertion into existing optical communications networks, including terrestrial and space-based optical networks.

An impulse radio-based ultra wideband communication system, using an ultra wideband impulse and a 1-bit high-speed digital sampler, includes a transmitting RF module, a receiving RF module, a signal recovery unit, a transmitting signal processor, a receiving signal processor, and an ultra wideband antenna. The transmitting RF module includes an integrated impulse generator capable of implementing on-off-keying modulation and pulse position modulation, and an amplifier for amplifying output of the integrated impulse generator. The receiving RF module includes a two stage envelope detector for detecting a received signal and a comparator for converting the detected signal into a rectangular pulse. The signal recovery unit restores the signal from the receiving RF module to a digital signal using the 1-bit digital sampler. The signal processor includes a receiving signal processor for synchronizing the digital signal and decoding the detected signal. The ultra wideband antenna transmits and receives an ultra wideband signal.

<heading lvl="0">Abstract of Disclosure< / heading> Devices and methods are described that permit simple correction of a fiber optic polarity reversal problem. An adapter is described having receptacles to receive a connector on a first end, or user end, and on a second end, or contractor end. Both the receptacles provide keying arrangements so that the connectors can be received only when correctly oriented with respect to the adapter. The keying arrangement on the contractor end, however, is reversable so that the connector may be inserted in one of two predetermined orientations, at the behest of the contractor or installer. Adapters are also described that receive connectors only in a physically reversed orientation to counteract a reverse polarity condition. In addition, a jumper is described that can be interposed between a connector and adapter to correct a reverse polarity condition.

A system and method for data communication over a cellular communications network that allows the transmission of digital data over a voice channel using a vocoder that operates in different modes depending upon characteristics of the inputted signal it receives. To prepare the digital data for transmission, one or more carrier signals are encoded with the digital data using one of a number of modulation schemes that utilize differential phase shift keying to give the modulated carrier signal certain periodicity and energy characteristics that allow it to be transmitted by the vocoder at full rate. The modulation schemes include DPSK using either a single or multiple frequency carriers, combined FSK-DPSK modulation, combined ASK-DPSK, as well as PSK with a phase tracker in the demodulator. These modulation schemes permit data communication via a CDMA, GSM, or other type of voice traffic channel at a low bit error rate.

The invention discloses a constellation mapping method based on an absolute phase shift keying (APSK) constellation map. The constellation mapping method is characterized in that the order M of an APSK constellation is equal to 2<m>; the number n1 of points on each ring is equal to a value of powers to 2, namely n1=2<m1>, the number n1=2<m1>-PSK (phase shift keying), the number of rings R=2<m2>, and a set consisting of different ring radiuses is a special 2<m2>-PAM(pulse amplitude modulation ), wherein m1+m2=m; and the phase deflection theta1 of all the rings are the same. The method comprises the following steps of: B1, for a bit vector which is m in length, setting m1 bits to be only related to the phase, and adopting PSK Gray mapping between the m1 bits and the 2<m1>-PSK; and B2, setting the rest m2 bits to be only related to the amplitude, and adopting PAM Gray mapping between the m2 bits and the 2<m2>-PAM. The invention has the advantages that compared with the conventional coded modulation system adopting quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation map mapping, the coded modulation system adopting the APSM constellation map Gray mapping can acquire a considerable error control performance gain regardless of adopting independent demapping or iterative demapping by a receiving end.

An optical communication system (100; 2300) comprises at least a transmitter (110) apt to emit a differential phase shift keying (DPSK) optical signal having a bit-rate equal to R, at least a receiving system (1200) for receiving the differential phase shift keying optical signal; and an optical link (130) optically connecting the transmitter and the receiving system for transmitting the DPSK optical signal from the transmitter to the receiving system, wherein the receiving system comprises a coherent optical receiving device (1205) apt to coherently receive the propagated DPSK optical signal and to emit at least one electrical signal (I) related to the received DPSK optical signal, and wherein the receiving system further comprises at least one electrical filter (270) for filtering the at least one electrical signal and having −3 dB double-side bandwidth greater than or equal to 0.44 R and lower than or equal to 0.68 R, and at least one squarer (280) for squaring the at least one filtered electrical signal. A related method for optical communication is also disclosed.

A system for controlling a lamp comprises a central controller having a waveform converter capable of modulating a control signal at more than one frequency over a two wire power cable. The control signal is capable of modifying a property of the lamp. The central controller also has a load current sensor capable of identifying the configuration of the lamp. The system further comprises a lighting control unit coupled to the lamp. The lighting control unit is powered via the two wire power cable and is capable of demodulating the control signal.

An optical device includes an interferometer for a received optical differential phase shift keying DPSK signal, and an equalizer integrated with the interferometer in a manner for reducing from optical filtering effects an interference by signal bits of the DPSK signal with signal bits of a contiguous DPSK signal. The interferometer is a Michelson delay interferometer type, but can also be a Mach-Zehnder delay interferometer type on fiber, waveguide or other optical structure. The equalizer is a Fabry-Perot type equalizer, but can be a ring resonator type or a fiber based equalizer.

The invention provides a controller based on a composite MEMS (Micro-electromechanical System) sensor and a gesture control keying method thereof and relates to the field of wireless sensor control technologies, in particular to the gesture control recognition field. The invention solves the problem that the conventional controller based on the composite MEMS sensor does not have gesture recognition function. The controller comprises a USB receiver and a controller body, wherein a switching control key or a gesture recognition activation key which is connected with a single chip and used for enabling the controller body to be in a mouse model and a gesture control mode is also arranged on the controller body. When the controller is in the gesture recognition model, the cursor positioning is stopped, corresponding gestures are recognized according to the displacement change of the controller body, and corresponding key codes are output according to the gestures without moving a cursor, which is similar to carry out shortcut key operation through a keyboard, therefore, the use is convenient.

A wireless network (2, 150) for monitoring a patient includes a body sensor network (22, 24, 26, 172, 174, 176) that includes one or more wireless sensors (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170) operatively connected to the patient that collect and transfer information related to the patient's health to the wireless network (2, 150). A set-up server (4, 154) configures the one or more wireless sensors (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170) with keying material before the one or more sensors (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170) are deployed to the wireless network (2, 150). A base station (178, 180) distributes a key certificate to the one or more sensors (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170) associated with the body sensor network (22, 24, 26, 172, 174, 176), such that two sensors generate a unique pairwise key based at least in part upon the pre-distributed keying material and the key certificate distributed by the base station (178, 180).

A backscatter modulation radio-frequency (RF) sensor and method for using the same are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the RF sensor comprises: an energy harvesting unit operable to convert incident RF energy to direct current (DC); a storage unit operable to store recovered DC power; one or more sensors for sensing; a backscatter communication interface to backscatter energy to communicate one or more packets using a frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulator; and a microcontroller coupled to the energy harvesting and storage units, the one or more sensors, and the backscatter communicator, the microcontroller operable to cause the backscatter communication interface to communicate sensed data from at least one of the one or more sensors while powered by energy previously harvested and stored by the energy harvesting and storage unit.

The present invention provides a method and device for generating and mapping a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) sequence, and the method includes: generating a pseudo-random sequence according to a pseudo-random sequence initial value, performing a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation on the pseudo-random sequence, and obtaining a first CSI-RS sequence according to maximum bandwidth of system; and cutting the first CSI-RS sequence according to the actual bandwidth of the system, obtaining a second CSI-RS sequence, and mapping the second CSI-RS sequence to a time frequency location of a CSI-RS antenna port. The CSI-RS reference signal sequence can be generated or obtained respectively at the UE terminal and eNB terminal in accordance with the stated methods for generating and mapping the reference sequence according to known parameters by the present invention, so that the calculated CSI-RS sequence can be utilized to measure the channel at the UE terminal.

The present invention provides a method and device for generating and mapping a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) sequence, and the method includes: generating a pseudo-random sequence according to a pseudo-random sequence initial value, performing a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation on the pseudo-random sequence, and obtaining a first CSI-RS sequence according to maximum bandwidth of system; and cutting the first CSI-RS sequence according to the actual bandwidth of the system, obtaining a second CSI-RS sequence, and mapping the second CSI-RS sequence to a time frequency location of a CSI-RS antenna port. The CSI-RS reference signal sequence can be generated or obtained respectively at the UE terminal and eNB terminal in accordance with the stated methods for generating and mapping the reference sequence according to known parameters by the present invention, so that the calculated CSI-RS sequence can be utilized to measure the channel at the UE terminal.

Timing alignment between a pulse carver (i.e., intensity modulator) and a phase modulator, e.g., in a return-to-zero (RZ) differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) optical transmitter, is monitored by filtering a signal from the transmitter and measuring the power of the filtered signal. In certain embodiments, the filter has a birefringent device (such as a polarization-maintaining fiber) and a polarizer. The polarizer may be a rotating polarizer with a rotating quarter-wave plate in front of it. In other embodiments, the filter is a periodic filter such as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer or an etalon filter. Regardless, the measured power may be used to generate control signals used to variably delay the signals that drive the phase modulator and / or the pulse carver to compensate for detected misalignment. The measured power may also be used to monitor the bit-error-rate degradation caused by timing misalignment between the pulse carver and the phase modulator.

A high data rate millimeter wave radio adapted to receive an binary input data at an input data rate in excess of 3.5 Gbps and to transmit at a transmit data rate in excess of 3.5 Gbps utilizing encoded three-bit data symbols on a millimeter carrier wave at a millimeter wave nominal carrier frequency, defining a carrier wavelength and period, in excess of 70 GHz with differential phase-shift keying utilizing eight separate phase shifts. Preferred embodiments of the invention can support many of the high data rate standards including the following group of protocols or standards: SONET OC-96 (4.976 Gbps); 4xGig-E (5.00 Gbps); 5xGig-E (6.25 Gbps); OBSAI RP3-01 (6.144 Gbps); 6xGig-E (7.50 Gbps); Fibre Channel 8GFC (8.5 Gbps); SONET OC-192 (9.952 Gbps); Fibre Channel 10GFC Serial (10.52 Gbps) and 10 GigaBit Ethernet.

An optical, multi-channel, Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) receiver demodulates multiple Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) channels using a single interferometer. This distributes expense of the interferometer over all channels of an optical signal, allowing for deployment of cost-effective, scalable, wideband, WDM DPSK systems. For example, for an 80 channel WDM link, the receiver uses a single interferometer instead of eighty interferometers and associated stabilization hardware, dramatically reducing size, weight, power, and cost. The receiver is architecturally compatible with existing interferometer technologies so previous development and qualification efforts can be leveraged. This allows for expedited technology insertion into existing optical communications networks, including terrestrial and space-based optical networks.

Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for channel estimation regarding electromagnetic wave multi-path characteristics between a sender and a receiver by using a chirp signal. The method includes the steps of (a) multiplying a received composite signal by a narrowband chirp-shift-keying signal or narrowband multiple center-frequency-chirp signal generated by the receiver itself and outputting a sum of individual frequency components resulting from difference in distance of multiple paths for up-chirp and down-chirp signal portions of a chirp-shift-keying signal, respectively, the received composite signal being formed by generating narrowband chirp-shift-keying signals or narrowband multiple center-frequency-chirp signals by the sender, sending the signals by a transmission antenna, receiving the signals by a reception antenna of the receiver via a multi-path channel, superimposing the signals, and adding the signals; (b) multiplying outputs of the up-chirp and down-chirp signal portions of the sum of individual frequency components and calculating a tolerance frequency output; (c) compensating for a frequency tolerance of the sum of individual frequency components by using the tolerance frequency output and generating a frequency compensation output; (d) compensating for discontinuity of chirp-shift-keying signals resulting from use of the narrowband chirp-shift-keying signals or the narrowband multiple center-frequency-chirp signals regarding the frequency compensation output and generating a discontinuity compensation output having no discontinuity; (e) decomposing the discontinuity compensation output into individual multi-path signals by using a frequency analysis method; and (f) extracting an attenuation component and a time delay component caused by the multi-path channel from the individual multi-path signals by using a size of frequency components of each frequency.

The invention discloses a composite modulation system compatible with medium-wave analogue amplitude modulation (AM) broadcast. According to the system, a low-sideband m-ary position phase keying (MPPSK) signal with modulated high-speed data is adopted to replace a sinusoidal carrier; carrier-retained double sideband amplitude modulation is performed with an analogue audio signal; after a receiver performs up-conversion and impacting filter on the received composite modulation signal and extracts a coherent carrier to multiply, an analogue audio signal is separated by using spectral distribution difference, and MPPSK modulated data is demodulated by using correlation matching. According to the system, the frequency resource and the 9 kHz bandwidth division of the conventional medium-wave amplitude modulation broadcast band, the infrastructures of an amplitude modulation broadcast transmitter, the broadcast system of DSB-AM (Double Sideband Amplitude Modulation) transmission and a mature product of a medium-wave amplitude modulation radio are directly used to realize that the original analogue sound signal and a new digital code stream are really broadcast at the same bandwidth on the same channel at the same time, so that the spectrum utilization efficiency and the energy utilization rate of the digital AM broadcast system are greatly improved.

The invention provides a continuous phase differential phase-shift keying modulation and demodulation method in signs, which is mainly applied to the field of wireless communications. In the signal modulation, the method mainly comprises the following steps of: providing a group of baseband signal set, wherein each signal in the set is a continuous path on a constellation diagram; when each burstcommunication begins, setting the state of a state memory to be a certain defined original state; and generating a corresponding output modulation signal according to a group of input bit informationvalues and the current state value of the state memory and updating the state value in the memory. In the signal demodulation process, the method comprises the following steps of: firstly calculatingphase change cumulant of received signs, then calculating the probability of the phase change cumulant on to which group of bit information value the phase change cumulant belongs, and selecting the bit information with maximum probability as decoding output of the current received signal. The invention ensures that the phase of the signal in one code element changes continuously, improves the effective emission power and avoids the influence on signal demodulation from the phase change among the signs, which is caused by initial phase and Doppler frequency shift, and the like.

A dielectric reproducing apparatus is provided with: a probe for applying an electric field to a dielectric material of a dielectric recording medium; a return electrode for returning the electric field applied from the probe; an inductor placed between the probe and the return electrode; an oscillator which oscillates at a resonance frequency determined from the inductor and a capacitance formed in the dielectric material just under the probe; an alternating current (AC) signal generation device for generating an AC signal which is applied to the probe; a frequency modulation (FM) demodulator for demodulating a FM modulation signal modulated by the capacitance corresponding to the polarization state owned by the dielectric material just under the probe; and a phase-shift keying (PSK) demodulator for reproducing data from the demodulated signal.

The invention relates to a three-dimensional real-time tracking method and system for an indoor moving target. The method comprises the steps: at a transmitting stage, adopting ultra-wideband signals modulated on the basis of OOK (On-Off Keying) as positioning detection signals; at a receiving stage, carrying out TOA (Time Of Arrival) time delay estimation by adopting an energy block and coherence based time delay estimation method or a threshold method based time delay estimation method, and achieving three-dimensional positioning by a TDOA (Time Difference Of Arrival) based three-dimensional positioning method. According to the method and the system, in view of different designs and environmental requirements, two methods, i.e., the energy block and coherence based time delay estimation method and the threshold method based time delay estimation method are adopted, so that the operation time is short, and real-time positioning can be carried out; different three-dimensional positioning methods are adopted according to different numbers of probes, so that relatively high positioning accuracy can be achieved, and the adaptability is relatively high.

The invention relates to an anti-interference key detection system and a detection method; the detection system comprises a key, an environment detection unit, a key detection unit and a control unit, wherein the environment detection unit is used for detecting a background environment signal, shielding the signals beyond a range from a first frequency to a second frequency and generating triggering signals after the signals in the range from the first frequency to the second frequency are detected; the key detection unit is triggered by the triggering signals for detecting the keys, so as to obtain a keying signal; the control unit is triggered by the triggering signals and samples the keying signal, when the times for sampling the keying effective signals in a first time window reach or exceed the presetting times, a control signal is output; and in the invention, environment noise interference is reduced and the detection precision of the key action is improved.

The text inputting device and inputting method of a mobile communication apparatus are provided in the present invention. The proposed text inputting device includes a keyboard for keying in a code of a word according to the associated character input method, a microphone for inputting a voice according to an automatic speech recognition method, and a microprocessor coupled to the keyboard and the microphone for generating at least a candidate of the word according to the code and for comparing the at least one candidate with the voice according to the automatic speech recognition method so as to choose the word from the at least one candidate.

The method for realizing full optical virtual private network (VPN) in passive light network includes steps: optical line terminal (OLT) transmits down going optical signal in format of differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation, and down going electric signal is obtained after conversion; pretreatment for upgoing electric signal is completed inside optical network unit; not modulated down going optical signal is injected to Mach Zehnder modulator to carry out modulation, and DPSK modulation is carried out for pretreated upgoing electric signal; internal signal of VPN is input to bias port of the modulator, which drives fluctuation of the signal in small range to generate format of DPSK / intensity modulation; through band multiplexer, optical signal and upgoing optical signal from optical network unit are multiplexed; optical network unit receives internal data of VPN in optical signal fed back, and OLT receives data corresponding to internal service in non VPN.

The invention provides a universal integrated remote controller which comprises a remote control receiver, a remote control emitter, a display screen, a control unit and a keyboard unit, and is characterized in that the control unit also comprises a high speed sampling device and is used for receiving and processing keying signals of the remote controller for all kinds of remotely-controlled objects to finish encoding; the high speed sampling device specifically comprises the following units: a high speed sampling circuit, a 32-bit counter, a data memory, a non-volatilization memory and a touch soft key, wherein the sampling time span of the high speed sampling circuit is between 0-1000 millisecond and the sampling time interval is less than 0.1 microsecond; the 32-bit counter counts signal high-low electrical level; the data memory stores the high speed sampling data; the data stored in the data memory is stored in the external non-volatilization memory which is used for providing control data stream emitted in the emitting process of the universal integrated remote controller; the touch soft key provided by the display screen is used for providing the keys of the remote controller for the remotely-controlled objects.

The invention discloses a method and a device for all-optical regeneration of a high-speed differential quadrature reference phase shift keying (DQPSK) modulation signal. The method comprises the following steps of: modulating the DQPSK signal; regenerating an on-off-keying (OOK) signal; and recovering the DQPSK signal. An aggravated DQPSK optical signal on a transmission link enters a demodulation unit of the DQPSK signal; the DQPSK signal is demodulated into the OOK signal, and simultaneously phase noises are converted into intensity noises; then an OOK signal regenerator performs amplituderegeneration on the optical signal; and finally, a polarization controller and a polarizer convert the OOK signal into the DQPSK signal to realize the all-optical regeneration of the DQPSK signal. Bythe method and the device, the all-optical regeneration of the DQPSK signal can be realized, a difficulty in the all-optical regeneration of the DQPSK signal is expected to be overcome, and a probable solution is provided for solving similar problems in high-speed optical signal processing.