The invention discloses an intelligent robot inspection system and an intelligent robot inspection method for transformer station. The intelligent robot inspection system comprises a monitoring centre, which is connected to at least one station robot intelligent inspection system of a transformer station, and each station robot intelligent inspection system comprises at least one base station. At the same time, the transformer station is also provided with an environment acquisition subsystem inside and fixed point monitoring subsystems disposed at devices needed to be monitored in the transformer station. The intelligent inspection robot is provided with an intelligent inspection robot lower computer connected to a detection unit, the detection unit includes an infrared detection unit and an ultraviolet detection unit, and the ultraviolet detection unit includes an ultraviolet video server and an ultraviolet detection device. The intelligent robot inspection system and the intelligent robot inspection method have the advantages of optimized inspection path, excellent safety protection, high intelligent degree, all-time fault detection and seamless video monitor, thus providing brand new technology detection means and all-round safety guarantee for an intelligent transformer station.