491 results about "Virtual power" patented technology

This invention relates to a proposal for power headroom reporting for uplink component carriers for which no uplink resource allocation is scheduled by the eNodeB. The user equipment (UE) calculates a virtual power headroom for the non-scheduled uplink component carrier, based on a virtual uplink resource assignment pre-configured by the UE and eNodeB. According to one embodiment the maximum transmit power of the UE is set to a pre-configured fixed value. Alternatively, the maximum transmit power is calculated by the UE considering the power reduction, while the uplink transmission power is set to zero. The virtual power headroom is then transmitted to the eNodeB, which in turn can infer therefrom the pathloss and / or power-per-resource-block for the non-scheduled uplink component carrier and may also infer the power reduction used by the UE. This allows a more accurate scheduling of future uplink transmissions on said non-scheduled uplink component carrier.

In a semiconductor integrated circuit, a control transistor 4 and a potential clamp circuit 9 are arranged between a power supply line 2 and a virtual power supply line 3. Even in a sleeve mode where the control transistor 4 is turned off, the potential clamp circuit 9-1 clamps the virtual power supply line 3 at a certain potential to hold a potential state (high level or low level) of each node of a logical circuit. At this time, each FET forming the logical circuit is applied with a back bias so that a threshold voltage Vt becomes higher than that in an active mode. Therefore, a leakage current can be decreased. In the semiconductor integrated circuit, the threshold voltage Vt of the control transistor 4 can be selected to be equal to that of one FET of the complementary FET forming the logical circuit. Therefore, the layout area and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.

An SRAM employs a virtual rail configuration that is stable against process-voltage-temperature (PVT) variation. The SRAM provides a virtual power supply voltage to an SRAM cell that is obtained by lowering a power supply voltage by a threshold voltage of a transistor and a virtual ground voltage obtained by raising a ground voltage by a threshold voltage of a transistor. Due to the use of PMOS and NMOS transistors of diode types connected between the power supply voltage and the virtual power supply voltage and the use of NMOS and PMOS transistors of diode types connected between the ground voltage and the virtual ground voltage, a virtual power supply voltage level and a virtual ground voltage level that are stable even against various PVT variations are provided, so that low-leakage current characteristics are stable.

An apparatus and method for equitably allocating bandwidth to virtual networks operating on a common physical network, such as a power-line network for homeowners sharing a single power-line distribution transformer. An ad-hoc master is selected from the virtual power-line network controllers. The master allocates bandwidth to streams based on their priority group categorization. By way of example, four priority groups (A-D) are described into which stream priority is classified, with the highest priority group for communicating isochronous streams, the lowest priority for transferring asynchronous streams and the other priority groups for communicating streams having an intermediate level of transmission priority. Within a given priority group all bandwidth requests are fulfilled for virtual networks requesting up to their fair share of the bandwidth within the priority group, and bandwidth available from virtual networks not utilizing their full share is allocated equally amongst those requesting more bandwidth.

An apparatus and method for equitably allocating bandwidth to virtual networks operating on a common physical network, such as a power-line network for homeowners sharing a single power-line distribution transformer. An ad-hoc master is selected from the virtual power-line network controllers. The master allocates bandwidth to streams based on their priority group categorization. By way of example, four priority groups (A-D) are described into which stream priority is classified, with the highest priority group for communicating isochronous streams, the lowest priority for transferring asynchronous streams and the other priority groups for communicating streams having an intermediate level of transmission priority. Within a given priority group all bandwidth requests are fulfilled for virtual networks requesting up to their fair share of the bandwidth within the priority group, and bandwidth available from virtual networks not utilizing their full share is allocated equally amongst those requesting more bandwidth.

Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for reporting power headroom in a carrier aggregation context. By applying the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, PHR MAC CE and a corresponding MAC sub-header are determined according to the number of uplink component carriers needing to report power headroom and a type of the power headroom to be reported, and indication information such as length information of the PHR MAC CE, type information of the power headroom, and information about whether the power headroom is virtual power headroom is carried therein, so that a base station can precisely obtain the power headroom of each uplink component carrier. In this way, the problem that the PHR MAC CE format in the current LTE Rel-8 / 9 is not applicable to an LTE-A system is solved.

The invention relates to a virtual reality-based power safety production scene interaction system. The system comprises a server and a virtual reality terminal communicating with the server, wherein the server comprises a three-dimensional model generation unit used for building power equipment and place three-dimensional models according to actual power construction demands and performing storage, an information obtaining unit used for collecting and obtaining power production data of power equipment in a power production system, an information association unit used for enabling the power production data of the power equipment to be in one-to-one correspondence with the power equipment three-dimensional models and performing association, and an information processing unit for generating virtual power scene image data according to actual demands and the power production data and sending the virtual power scene image data to the virtual reality terminal; and the virtual reality terminal used for generating a virtual power reality scene image according to the virtual power scene image data and performing display. According to the system, a virtual environment is consistent with a production scene, so that accidents can be reduced and personal and equipment safety is greatly ensured.

An integrated circuit is provided with logic blocks which draw their power from virtual supply rails. These virtual supply rails are connected by switch blocks to main supply rails. The switch blocks are subject to modulation to maintain the virtual supply rails at an intermediate voltage level such that a reduced voltage difference is applied across the logic block. This intermediate voltage level is used in a state retention mode in which the clock signal clk to the logic block is stopped and state signal values are maintained therein using this reduced virtual power rail derived voltage difference. When it is desired to resume processing then the full virtual rail voltages are restored by rendering the switch blocks fully conductive and then the clock is restarted. The switch blocks which are modulated by controllers which use feedback control based upon the sensed virtual rail voltages (VVdd and Vgnd) while drawing their own power from the normal supply rails (Vdd and gnd).

On a chip 50A, disposed are macro cell 20A not including a virtual power supply line and a leak-current-shielding MOS transistor of a high threshold voltage, and a leak-current-shielding MOS transistor cell 51 of the high threshold voltage. The transistor cell 51 has a gate line 51G which is coincident with the longitudinal direction of the cell, is disposed along a side of a rectangular cell frame of the macro cell 20A, and has a drain region 51D connected to VDD pads 60 and 61 for external connection, the gate line 51G connected to an I / O cell 73 and a source region 51S connected to a VDD terminal of the macro cell 20A. This VDD terminal functions as a terminal of a virtual power supply line V_VDD.

The present disclosure relates various embodiments for improving power headroom reporting for UEs being in an enhanced coverage mode. The UE may be configured to always transmit a virtual power headroom report to the eNB, when operating in the enhanced coverage mode. Or, the UE may be configured to always transmit a virtual power headroom report to the eNB, when operating in the enhanced coverage mode and at the same time being power limited. Moreover, the UE may determine a repetition level for transmissions in the uplink and / or may determine a repetition level for transmissions in the downlink. The power headroom report can then be used to transport this information (either one of, or both of, the uplink / downlink repetition levels), by using predefined codepoints in the power headroom report.

Virtual power-gated cells (VPC) are configured with control circuitry for buffering control signals and a power-gated block (PGB) comprising two or more NFETs for virtual ground rail nodes and PFETs for virtual positive rail nodes. Each VPC has a control voltage input, a control voltage output, a node coupled to a power supply voltage potential, and a virtual power-gated node that is coupled and decoupled from the power supply potential in response to logic states on the control input. The control signals are buffered by non-power-gated inverters before being applied to the input of a PGB. VPCs may propagate a control signal that is in phase with or inverted from a corresponding control signal at the control input. VPCs may be cascaded to create virtual power rails in chains and power grids. The control signals are latched at the cell boundaries or latched in response to a clock signal.

A system and process / method of modeling demand-response (DR) and distributed-energy resource (DER) assets is provided, facilitating the aggregation of said assets in virtual power plants (VPPs), and using VPPs to provide energy balancing services needed to minimize the impact of Variable Energy Resources (VER) on power system. The method accurately accounts for assets by qualifying assets based on various parameters and by forecasting the capabilities of the resulting VPPs for provision of balancing services. Asset performance factors that may affect the aggregated VPP's capabilities are monitored and recalculated when necessary. Near-term forecasted VPP capability is compared to near-term forecasted imbalances in the electric-power-supply system, and the VPP is dispatched to minimize the system imbalances. The dispatch signal is disaggregated to control commands to individual assets. This process provides a reliable and cost effective approach to support higher penetrations of renewable generation in the electric power system.

A power system for cooling backup computer storage facilities having eight independent levels of redundancy for the power supply to allow the storage facility to survive even extreme and debilitating events and having redundant communications. If power from the existing gas or electric grid is lost, a series of back-up energy sources provide energy to run the micro-turbines and generate the power to run the servers and the HVAC system that cools the servers. In the event that the existing power grid is interrupted, the redundant power supplies are automatically engaged without disruption of the load. If the existing gas and / or electric power grids are disrupted, the storage facility is powered / cooled by a micro-grid having its own independent redundant sources of power.

The present invention discloses a regional complex distribution network dispatch control management system based on a virtual power plant, and belongs to the technical field of dispatch control management. Aiming at the problem that distribution network control becomes increasingly complex due to increasing complexity of the structure in a distribution network, sharply increased number of dispersed and distributed power supplies, increasingly growing capacity / power ratio and complex and varied regional distribution networks, the regional complex distribution network dispatch control managementsystem based on a virtual power plant is developed. The system mainly includes the construction of different types of virtual power plants and a big data cloud computing platform at a regional leveldistribution network dispatch center. By developing the dispatch control management system for a regional power grid, a complex distribution network can be connected in the form of a virtual power plant for unified coordination and optimization management, and the system is a new type of complex distribution network management mode. The regional complex distribution network dispatch control management system can be widely applied to distributed new energy-rich areas, and is of practical significance for developing virtual power plants, developing renewable green energy and achieving energy transformation.

Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for reporting power headroom in a carrier aggregation context. By applying the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, PHR MAC CE and a corresponding MAC sub-header are determined according to the number of uplink component carriers needing to report power headroom and a type of the power headroom to be reported, and indication information such as length information of the PHR MAC CE, type information of the power headroom, and information about whether the power headroom is virtual power headroom is carried therein, so that a base station can precisely obtain the power headroom of each uplink component carrier. In this way, the problem that the PHR MAC CE format in the current LTE Rel-8 / 9 is not applicable to an LTE-A system is solved.

The present invention relates to dynamometer testing of a vehicle comprising at least a first wheel shaft and a second wheel shaft and a first power source for providing power to said first wheel shaft. The method comprises, with only said first wheel shaft being connected to a dynamometer test unit,applying a first power to said first wheel shaft,determining a representation of said first power by means of said dynamometer test unit,determining a second power, being different from said first power, to be applied to at least one of said first wheel shaft and said second wheel shaft, the said second power being a virtual power being represented by a virtual representation of said second power, andby means of the representation of said first power determined by said dynamometer test unit and said virtual representation of said second power, determining a first speed being a representation of the speed of said vehicle when being driven on a road subjected to said first and second power.

Source transistor configurations are described for reducing leakage and delay within integrated circuits. Virtual power and ground nodes are supported with the use of stacked transistor configurations, such as a two transistor stack between a first virtual supply connection and VSS, and a second virtual supply connection and VDD. Gate drives of these stacked transistors are modulated with different voltage levels in response to the operating power mode of the circuit, for example active mode, active-standby mode, and deep power-down mode. Means for driving these source stacks are described. In one embodiment separate virtual nodes are adapted for different types of circuits, such as buffers, row address strobe, and column address strobe. Other techniques, such as directional placement of the transistors is also described.

Virtual power-gated cells (VPC) are configured with control circuitry for buffering control signals and a power-gated block (PGB) comprising two or more NFETs for virtual ground rail nodes and PFETs for virtual positive rail nodes. Each VPC has a control voltage input, a control voltage output, a node coupled to a power supply voltage potential, and a virtual power-gated node that is coupled and decoupled from the power supply potential in response to logic states on the control input. The control signals are buffered by non-power-gated inverters before being applied to the input of a PGB. VPCs may propagate a control signal that is in phase with or inverted from a corresponding control signal at the control input. VPCs may be cascaded to create virtual power rails in chains and power grids. The control signals are latched at the cell boundaries or latched in response to a clock signal.

The invention discloses a power headroom reporting (PHR) method, a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE). In the PHR method provided by the invention, when any trigger event of PHR of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and / or any trigger event of PHR of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) happens, UE calculates a virtual power headroom (PH) value of the PUCCH; when an SR signal is received, the BS schedules uplink resources and determines the scheduling information required for uplink transmission of UE; the BS sends an uplink resource grant (UL Grant) signal to the UE through a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH); when the UL Grant signal is received, UE calculates a PH value of the PUSCH or a virtual PH value of the PUSCH; and UE reports the calculated virtual PH value of PUCCH and PH value of PUSCH or the calculated virtual PH value of PUCCH and virtual PH value of PUSCH to BS through the PUSCH. The method provided by the invention is characterized by simplicity, flexibility, high efficiency and easy implementation.

The invention relates to a control method of an electric vehicle power system based on the digital twin technology. The method comprises: building a digital twin virtual power system matching a physical power system on a simulation platform based on the digital twin technology; enabling a simulation working environment of the virtual power system to be consistent with an actual working environmentof the physical power system; collecting physical data generated by the operation of the physical power system and virtual data generated by the operation of the virtual power system by using a digital twin platform and then carrying out data analysis and fusion processing; carrying out feature extraction on the data after analysis and fusion; establishing and updating a power system control model and acquiring a corresponding optimal control strategy under the latest control model by combining calibration performances of the physical power system and the current state of the electric vehiclewith the online simulation technology; and packaging the optimal control strategy into the physical power system to change the operation control of the physical power system automatically and displaying the optimal control strategy to the user through a service terminal to realize optimal control.

A single-stage level shifting circuit is used to interface control signals across the boundary between voltage domains with differing positive or ground voltage potentials Asserted states are determined by the difference between the positive voltages potentials and the ground potentials. A lower positive power supply potential is not used to turn OFF PFET coupled to a higher positive power supply potential. Likewise a higher ground power supply potential is not used to turn OF NFETs coupled to a power domain where is significant ground shift. The single stage level shifting circuit has keeper devices that hold asserted states using voltages within the power gated domain.

A NAND EEPROM having a shielded bit line architecture reduces supply voltage and ground noise resulting from charging or discharging bit lines. The EEPROM has a PMOS pull-up transistor and an NMOS pull down transistor connected to a virtual power node. A control circuit for charging or discharging bit lines controls the gate voltage of the PMOS or NMOS transistor to limit peak current when charging or discharging bit lines via the virtual power node. In particular, the control circuit operates the PMOS or NMOS transistor in a non-saturation mode to limit current. One such control circuit creates a current mirror or applies a reference voltage to control gate voltages. A programming method sets up bit lines by pre-charging unselected bit lines via the PMOS pull-up transistor having controlled gate voltage while latches in the programming circuitry charge or discharge selected bit lines according to respective data bits being stored. Another bit line setup includes two stages. A first stage pre-charges all bit lines via PMOS pull-up, and the second stage uses the latches to discharge or leave charged the selected bit lines depending on respective data bits being stored. The gate voltages of NMOS transistors in the programming circuitry can be controlled to reduce noise caused by discharging selected bit lines through the latches.

The invention discloses an initiative power distribution network scheduling optimizing method based on virtual power generation. The initiative power distribution network scheduling optimizing method includes the following steps: 1, building a scheduling optimization objective function; 2, obtaining constraint conditions of the scheduling optimization objective function, wherein the constraint conditions include system load balance constraint, system spinning reserving constraint, conventional-unit and demand-side resource technology contributing constraint, conventional unit climbing constraint, conventional-unit minimum running time and minimum stopping time constraint, demand-side maximum continuous controlled time constraint and electricity use mode satisfaction constraint; 3, according to the scheduling optimization objective function and the constraint conditions, determining the starting-stopping states of all the units one period by one period with the disperse particle swarm optimization based on a heuristic rule; 4, after the starting-stopping states of all the units in all the periods are calculated, on the basis of the known starting-stopping states, economically distributing the units according to the constraint conditions. In this way, initiative power distribution network scheduling optimization is achieved.

The invention discloses a charging post direct-current electric energy meter calibrating device, which comprises a calibrating power supply, a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit and a human-computer interaction unit. The charging post direct-current electric energy meter calibrating device is a device which is characterized in that the calibrated direct-current electric energy meter is calibrated and corrected in a virtual power output method by the calibrating device on the basis of a real-time pulse comparison method. Two independent power supplies serve as a calibrating power supply. By aiming at the situations of higher rated current and high rated voltage of the calibrated direct-current electric energy meter, large dynamic range, high requirement on frequency response performance and the like, the metering performance of the calibrated direct-current electric energy meter can be comprehensively and accurately evaluated, and the charging post direct-current electric energy meter calibrating device is convenient for the electric energy metering characteristics to be traced to the superior national standard.

The invention discloses a low-voltage micro-grid inverter control system based on virtual impedance and a virtual power source. The control system comprises a droop controller, a virtual controller and a voltage / current dual-loop controller, and is characterized by establishing the droop controller capable of simulating the function of the virtual power supply through improvement of droop parameters, and carrying out tracking control on the voltage of the droop controller through fractional-order PID; by analyzing relation between virtual negative inductance and micro-source reactive power sharing, determining the value of virtual negative inductance required for accurate reactive power sharing, realizing virtual impedance in the virtual controller, and feeding back voltage drop of the virtual controller to the droop controller to participate in fractional-order PID tracking control of voltage of the virtual power source; and carrying out tracking control on inverter voltage through fractional-order PID in the voltage / current dual-loop controller, determining filtering parameters in the controller according to a transfer function of a filter, and carrying out optimization on fractional-order PID controller parameters through a difference genetic algorithm. The control system can ensure low-voltage micro-grid power decoupling and improve a reactive power sharing effect.

The invention provides a virtual power plant combined heat and power scheduling robust optimization model. A model aggregation unit comprises a distributed generating set, a wind turbine generator set, a photovoltaic set, a combined heat and power (CHP) set, a boiler, electric energy storage, heat energy storage, an electric load and a heat load. Participation of the CHP set in the SRM (Spinning Reserve Market) situation is considered. Aiming at the facing uncertain problem of a virtual power plant (VPP) and resulting risks, robust optimization (RO) is utilized to process uncertainty of the EM electricity price, the SRM electricity price, the wind power capacity, the photovoltaic capacity, the electric load and the heat load, and risk quantification indexes are established, and thus robustness and economical efficiency of a RO model are balanced. The model provided by the invention well solves the existing combined heat and power scheduling optimization model establishment problem of the VPP when participating EM and SRM at the same time, and improves flexibility of decision making, and thus the profit of the VPP is increased. Meanwhile, the introduction of the RO model effectively reduces system risks, and thus the effective reference is provided for a decision maker to select a proper robust factor.

The invention relates to a digital and physical hybrid simulation method and a digital and physical hybrid simulation system for a power primary system, and belongs to the technical field of power system real-time simulation. The method comprises the following steps of: performing electromagnetic transient real-time simulation calculation on a virtual power system by using a real-time digital simulation system; performing physical simulation on an actual power system by using a physical simulation system; setting a power interface system between the digital simulation system and the physical simulation system; amplifying and transmitting the voltage amount, obtained by digital simulation calculation, of the virtual power system to the actual power system through the power interface system; and performing the physical simulation on the actual power system by using the physical simulation system on the basis of a power-amplified voltage. By the method provided by the invention, the advantages of digital simulation and physical simulation are combined; actual new energy equipment can be simulated by the physical simulation; the power system of the working environment of the actual new energy equipment can be simulated by digital simulation; the shortages of respective methods of the digital simulation and physical simulation can be overcome; and new methods and ways are provided for researching and testing the performance characteristics of the new energy equipment and the dynamic process of the mutual influence between the new energy equipment and the power system.

A method of accounting for electrical power contribution and consumption is presented. The method comprises receiving information, from a plurality of facilities, wherein the plurality of facilities is operable to generate and / or consume electricity, and wherein the data comprises information concerning electricity contributions to a power grid, and / or consumptions from the grid by the plurality of facilities. The method further comprises applying a robust system of cryptographic processes to said information concerning electricity contributions, and attest to the authenticity of the information, as well as to the correct attribution of the facility claimed. Finally, the method comprises tracking and accounting electricity contributions and / or consumptions from each of the plurality of facilities using decrypted and verified information in a manner that allows contributions to be independently verified through audits. The method can also comprise compensating each of the facilities based on the respective electricity contribution and / or consumption of each facility.

The invention discloses a fault recovery uniform model method simultaneously considering reconstruction and island division for an active power distribution network. The fault recovery uniform model method comprises the following steps of 1) acquiring power grid fault information and power distribution network information, and summarizing data required by model construction; 2) determining a target function of a fault recovery running strategy; 3) building a uniform mathematical model containing DistFlow power flow constraint, employing virtual power flow connection constraint and comprising reconstruction and island division; and 4) solving the built uniform mathematical model comprising reconstruction and island division to obtain a final fault recovery running strategy of the active power distribution network. The fault recovery running strategy of the power distribution network simultaneously considers two strategies of network fault reconstruction and island division, and the controllability of load and distribution power supply output is considered; and compared with a traditional power distribution network fault recovery, the fault recovery strategy is optimized and cover more possibilities, the problem is converted to hybrid integer linear planning, the strategy generation time is saved, and the optimal solution can be more accurately solved.

The invention discloses an operation method for safely applying a line protection device to a wind power station, which relates to the relay protection of a power plant and is provided aiming at solving the problem that the line protection device in the current system cannot meet the protective requirements of the wind power station very well. The operation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, establishing a real-time simulation model which is a virtual power grid environment, including fault points in a wind power station, a bus and transmission lines, a main transformer unit of a power generator, a current and voltage mutual inductor, an equivalent system and a simulation system; secondly; establishing an experimental detection platform including a real-time digital simulation work station, an RTDS (Real Time Digital System) real-time digital simulator, an analogue quantity output board card, a power amplifier, a line protection device, an analogue circuit breaker, a switch conversion device and a digital quantity input board card; and thirdly, accessing the line protection device to be detected to the power amplifier of the detection system, then connecting the line protection device with the analogue circuit breaker and carrying out various kinds of experiments. The experiment implemented by using the wind power station model and an onsite oscillograph of the wind power station can provide a real and accurate simulation environment so that validation possibility is improved, and therefore the line protection device to be detected can be safely used for the wind power station after detected.