The invention discloses high-speed continuous rolling type lithium vacuum evaporation equipment and a method for realizing base material lithium evaporation by utilizing the equipment, and aims to solve the problems that existing base material lithium evaporation equipment is low in utilization rate on metal lithium, evaporation thickness is smaller than or equal to 1 [mu]m, and pollution range during evaporation is great. The high-speed continuous rolling type lithium vacuum evaporation equipment comprises a machine body housing, a cavity baffle plate, an unrolling system, a base material heater, a main roller, a cooling roller, a rolling system, a crucible, a crucible fixing frame, a crucible heater, a thermal insulation layer, a crucible transverse-moving lifting platform, an unrolling transition roller, a heating transition roller, a cooling transition roller, an upper cavity vacuum valve, a lower cavity vacuum valve and a charging visible window. The method has the advantages that evaporation thickness is guaranteed to be adjustable anytime within a range of 1 [mu]m to 100 [mu]m, and the highest utilization rate of metal lithium can be 90% or higher. The high-speed continuous rolling type lithium vacuum evaporation equipment is mainly used for base material lithium evaporation.